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What are Photonic Crystals?

Photonic crystal

Finite-difference time-domain method

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Photonic crystals are periodic dielectric structures that control the flow of light by manipulating its properties such as confinement, propagation, and interaction with matter. They have a periodicity in their index of refraction that is on the order of the wavelength of light . Photonic crystals have unique optical properties that cannot be achieved in conventional materials, such as strong light confinement, slow light propagation, and enhanced light-matter interaction . They enable the manipulation of light through the formation of resonant optical structures, allowing for high sensitivity detection of biomolecules and cells . Photonic crystals have been extensively studied and researched due to their potential technological applications and their ability to control and engineer light at the nanoscale . They have been used in various fields, including nanotechnology, high throughput screening, and gene expression microarrays .

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Book Chapter•DOI Photonic Crystals: Manipulating Light with Periodic Structures Shin-ichiro Inoue 01 Jan 2013 3 Citations	Photonic crystals are periodic structures that manipulate light, confine light, slow down light propagation, and enhance light-matter interaction, leading to unique optical properties.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Photonic time crystals Lunwu Zeng, Jin Xu, Chengen Wang, Jianhua Zhang, Yuting Zhao, Jing Zeng, Runxia Song - Show less +6 more 07 Dec 2017-Scientific Reports 21 Citations	Photonic crystals are periodic structures that manipulate the flow of light and can form when the permittivity and permeability periodically vary with space or time.
Open access•Journal Article Focus: Landmarks—The Birth of Photonic Crystals David Lindley 23 Aug 2013-Physics 1 Citations	Photonic crystals are periodic structures that control the behavior of photons, similar to how semiconductors control electrons.

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