What are the consequences of irregular migration in Europe?4 answersIrregular migration in Europe has various consequences. It poses a security risk for the European Union, leading to the need for interventions by states to address the risks associated with migration processes. The influx of irregular migrants can result in changes to the racial, ethnic, and religious composition of the population, which may escalate tensions between indigenous peoples and immigrants, leading to racism, radicalism, socio-economic problems, and crime. Additionally, irregular migration has attracted disproportionate media and political attention, despite migrants representing a small percentage of the global population. The volume of irregular migration is estimated to be between 15% and 20% of the total migrant population, which is approximately 1% of the global population. In Europe, the estimated number of undocumented migrants ranged from 1.9 to 3.8 million in 2008 and between 2.9 and 3.8 million in 2018.
What challenges do irregular migrants face?4 answersIrregular migrants face numerous challenges during their migration journey. They are highly vulnerable to violence, exploitation, and abuse, which can lead to traumatic experiences or even loss of life. Irregular migration is not a temporary phenomenon but a structural feature of many economies and societies, and irregular migrants often face limited protection under international human rights standards. Once settled in receiving countries, irregular immigrants face dilemmas about their political treatment, including limited access to social services and selective management by authorities and societies. The global irregular migration crisis has led to high fatality rates and risks for vulnerable migrants, including human trafficking, xenophobia, organ harvesting, and insecurity. Additionally, irregular migrants often struggle to maintain family relationships due to restrictions on mobility and restrictive migration policies, which can lead to transformations in gendered roles in the household.
What are the biggest challenges faced by immigrants?5 answersImmigrants face numerous challenges in the United States. These challenges include a dramatic increase in deportations, the expansion and privatization of immigration detention, major changes to the asylum system combined with drastic cutbacks in refugee admissions, and a new wave of racism and xenophobia. Children of immigrants also face specific challenges such as straddling between cultures, experiencing shame, feeling taxed by high expectations, having restrictions on autonomy, being forced into the role of their parents' teachers and "translators," managing guilt induced by immigrant parents, facing discrimination and prejudice, and having to defend their being "American". Immigrant analysts also face technical challenges including maintaining cultural neutrality, negotiating dilemmas posed by conducting analysis in a language other than their mother tongue, and avoiding shared projections and acculturation gaps. Female physicians of international origin who arrive in the U.S. face challenges in pursuing psychiatry training, balancing career and family needs, and managing conflicting demands and expectations.
What are the challenges faced by migrants in the labor market?4 answersMigrants face several challenges in the labor market. These challenges include the need for learning and support during the transition to a new country. Labor market integration is a key element in the political contestations of migration, with concerns about migrants "taking our jobs" often arising. Labor market institutions play a dual role in screening workers based on unobservable characteristics and providing wage setting power, resulting in significant wage premia for native workers. Refugees in Germany, in particular, face difficulties in finding gainful employment, experiencing higher rates of unemployment and lower incomes compared to other migrants. The economic impact of new asylum seekers in Europe is a topic of debate, with analysis focusing on the impacts to GDP, unemployment, and the welfare state.
What are the contributing factors to irregular migration?5 answersContributing factors to irregular migration include social, cultural, economical, and political factors. The main cause of irregular migration is the continuing inequality within and between countries, as well as the failure of states to create adequate migration regimes to meet economic demand. Other factors that can lead to migration include war, ethnic or religious conflicts, political pressure, inequities, unemployment rates, poverty, hope for improved living standards, familial reasons, proximity to health care services, climate, and natural catastrophes. The study of irregular migration gained attention due to the increasing focus on migrations in general, as well as the emergence of irregular migration as a widespread social fact. These factors contribute to irregular migration both in high-income regions and in medium and low-income regions, making it a global structural phenomenon.
What are the challenges of irregular student that they are facing?5 answersIrregular students face a range of challenges in their educational journey. These challenges include physical and mental barriers, lack of resources, discrimination, lack of interest and guidance, as well as economic, institutional, and social constraints. Additionally, nontraditional learners, who are typically older, employed, have children or other dependents, and have had a long break from the classroom, face time constraints, lower self-confidence, difficulty connecting with peers, and specific challenges faced by first-generation students, students from low-income families, veterans, and non-White learners. These challenges hinder their success in the classroom and require support services that are flexible, inclusive, and specific to their unique needs.