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What are the current advancements in the development of proton exchange membranes for fuel cells?

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Current advancements in proton exchange membrane (PEM) development for fuel cells include the utilization of ionic liquids, nanomaterial-filled membranes, and organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes. Incorporating ionic liquids into polymer membranes enhances proton conductivity, although methods like impregnation and cross-linking are also explored to address mechanical stability and ionic liquid leakage issues . Nanostructured materials, such as metal oxides and carbon nanomaterials, are being used to enhance catalysts and electrodes in PEMFCs, aiming to improve efficiency and durability . Additionally, nanofiber composite membranes with acid-rich layers and proton transport channels exhibit high proton conductivity and stability, contributing to the development of high-performance PEMs . Organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes offer solutions to challenges like water management and fuel crossover, by incorporating proton-conductive inorganic nanoparticles and forming covalent bonds with polymer structures .

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes Fahimeh Hooriabad Saboor, Aishwarya Venkatramani, Mehrdad Asgari - Show less +2 more 03 Jul 2023-Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering	Advancements include using organic-inorganic nanocomposites, doping nano-particles, sol-gel method, covalent bonds, acid-based membranes, low CO hydrogen production, and maximizing power density in PEMFCs.
Book Chapter•DOI Proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Recent advances, modeling, and future trends 01 Jan 2023	Recent advancements include high-performance polymeric membranes and nanomaterials with enhanced catalytic activity. These developments aim to improve efficiency and reduce costs in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI The advances development of proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity and balanced stability in fuel cells Peng Wei, Yang Sui, Xiaoyu Meng, Qiong Zhou - Show less +3 more 13 Apr 2023-Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2 Citations	Current advancements include controlling chemical structure, organic–inorganic hybrid composite membranes, and nanofiber composite membranes, particularly excelling in achieving high proton conductivity and stability in fuel cells.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Recent Advanced Synthesis Strategies for the Nanomaterial-Modified Proton Exchange Membrane in Fuel Cells S. Chandra Kishore, Suguna Perumal, Raji Atchudan, M. Alagan, Mohammad A. M. Wadaan, Almohannad Baabbad, Devaraj Manoj - Show less +6 more 01 Jun 2023-Membranes	Recent advancements include utilizing nanomaterials to enhance proton exchange membranes in fuel cells. Various synthesis methods and nanomaterial types are explored to improve efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements Mohammad Hossein Ebrahimi, Kateryna Fatyeyeva, Wojciech Kujawski - Show less +2 more 01 Jun 2023-Membranes	Current advancements include methods like incorporating ionic liquids into polymer solutions, impregnation, and cross-linking to enhance proton exchange membranes for fuel cells, with new techniques like layer-by-layer assembly and spin coating.

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What are the current trends and developments in the research and development of PEM fuel cells for various applications?5 answersCurrent trends in PEM fuel cell research focus on enhancing performance and efficiency for applications like automotive and residential use. Researchers are developing high-performance polymeric membranes with nanomaterials for improved catalytic activity. Advancements include enhancing proton conductivity and stability of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) through copolymer modifications, composite-type PEMs, and porous substrates. Studies also emphasize modeling fuel cell performance without arbitrary boundary conditions, showcasing variations in species concentration and current density. The field is growing rapidly, with a focus on improving components like electrodes, catalysts, and water management techniques, evident from keywords like 'oxygen reduction reaction' and 'polybenzimidazole'. These developments aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote clean energy technologies for a sustainable future.

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What are the latest developments in the field of poly isatin-based anion exchange membrane fuel cells?5 answersPoly isatin-based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) have shown promising developments in the field of fuel cells. Wang et al. synthesized poly(isatin-piperidium-terphenyl) AEMs with high molecular weight and ion exchange capacity, leading to robust mechanical properties and improved dimensional stability. Xu et al. prepared AEMs by quaternizing poly(isatin terphenyl) polymers, which exhibited high hydroxide conductivity and good stability in alkaline conditions. Yuan et al. reported durable poly(isatin biphenylene) membranes functionalized with organometallic cations, demonstrating excellent stability, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties. Additionally, the membranes showed high hydroxide conductivity and were used in single fuel cells with promising energy density. These developments highlight the potential of poly isatin-based AEMs for fuel cell applications, offering improved performance and stability.

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What are the latest advances in fuel cell technology?5 answersRecent advances in fuel cell technology include the development of Osmotic Microbial Fuel Cells (OMFCs) for wastewater treatment and energy generation. Another area of progress is the fabrication of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) with thin-film electrolyte membranes using electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Graphene and its derivatives have also been extensively studied for their unique properties in fuel cell applications. Additionally, research efforts have focused on improving the performance and durability of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells, particularly in terms of electrocatalysis and catalyst design. Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) have emerged as a promising technique for organic waste degradation and water decontamination, with advancements in hybrid MFC technologies for enhanced pollutant removal and bioelectricity production.

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