scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

What are the steps for production of Recombinant Microorganisms for enzyme production? 


Best insight from top research papers

The production of Recombinant Microorganisms for enzyme production involves several key steps. Initially, the desired enzyme gene is cloned and expressed on a large scale in the host microorganism using genetic engineering tools . This process allows for the development of genetically modified microbial strains optimized for increased enzyme yield and reduced secondary metabolite production . The genetic manipulation of microorganisms is crucial for meeting the titers, yields, and productivities required for industrial enzyme production . A significant method for achieving this is through homologous recombination, which facilitates the insertion, replacement, deletion, or manipulation of nucleic acid sequences in microorganisms to create recombinant strains . These recombinant enzymes, sourced mainly from microorganisms, are continuously improved through selection, recombination, and expression processes to enhance their practical utility in various industries .

Answers from top 4 papers

More filters
Papers (4)Insight
Patent
David J. F. Walker, Koepke Michael 
14 Sep 2016
1 Citations
The method involves using homologous recombination in a "triple cross" approach to manipulate nucleic acid sequences in microorganisms, enabling the production of recombinant microorganisms for enzyme production.
Steps for production of Recombinant Microorganisms for enzyme production involve cloning desired enzyme gene, expressing it in host microorganism, and developing genetically modified strains for increased yield and purity.
Book ChapterDOI
Arnold L. Demain, Preeti Vaishnav 
01 Jan 2015
2 Citations
Recombinant enzymes are produced by transferring genes to easily cultivated microbes like bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, used in various industries such as detergents, foods, and pharmaceuticals.
The paper discusses using metabolic engineering to develop recombinant microorganisms for natural product biosynthesis, focusing on applications and optimization methods, not specifically enzyme production steps.

Related Questions

How can the RSM method be used to optimize the culture conditions for the production of recombinant protein?4 answersThe Response Surface Methodology (RSM) can be used to optimize culture conditions for the production of recombinant protein. RSM involves the use of statistical models to determine the optimal levels of various variables that affect protein production. In the study by Behravan and Hashemi, RSM was used to optimize culture conditions for the production of the 4D5MOC-B scFv fragment in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Similarly, Indriyani et al. used RSM to determine the optimum conditions for the extracellular secretion of human Epidermal Growth Factor (hEGF) in E. coli. Lipničanová et al. employed RSM to optimize the composition of the propagation medium for the maximum biomass yield of recombinant E. coli. Zare et al. used RSM to determine the optimal culture conditions for the expression of reteplase in E. coli. RSM allows for the identification of the optimal levels of various variables, such as temperature, shaking speed, pH, and nutrient concentrations, to maximize protein production in recombinant systems.
What are the principles of recombinant protein production in eukaryotic cells?4 answersRecombinant protein production in eukaryotic cells involves several principles. Firstly, the selection of mammalian cell lines that produce high levels of recombinant proteins is crucial. This allows for a simple and fast selection process, reducing the time and effort required to bring therapeutic proteins to patients. Secondly, the use of an improved gene expression system can enhance the yield and quality of protein production. This system is particularly effective in increasing protein production in cultured eukaryotic cells. Thirdly, the recombinant production of functionally active growth factors in Escherichia coli can significantly reduce the cost of cell culture medium, making it more affordable for applications such as cell-cultured meat production and tissue engineering. Lastly, the cultivation of eukaryotic cells in a medium containing specific compounds, such as HDAC inhibitors, can enhance the production of polypeptides. These principles contribute to the successful recombinant production of proteins in eukaryotic cells.
What are the steps involved in making recombinant medicine?3 answersRecombinant medicine involves several steps in its production. First, the exogenous DNA is inserted into the host cell, which can be achieved using different methods. The choice of the producing cell is crucial for efficient production and quality of the recombinant protein. Once the cell line is established, the protein of interest, such as antibodies or adalimumab, can be produced. Mammalian cell culture, particularly Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, is commonly used for this purpose. The production of recombinant proteins has expanded significantly in volume and price, leading to ethical questions and the need for evaluation of efficacy and safety standards. Advances in recombinant protein production in mammalian cell lines have been addressed in recent patents. Overall, the steps involved in making recombinant medicine include DNA insertion, selection of producing cells, protein production, and evaluation of efficacy and safety.
What are the steps involved in microbial biofertilizer production?5 answersMicrobial biofertilizer production involves several steps. First, pure cultures or mother cultures of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi are produced. Then, a biofertilizer is prepared using one of the pure cultures or mother cultures from each species of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi. Multi-spore cultures of each species of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi are produced using the pure cultures or mother cultures. Finally, a biofertilizer is prepared using a mixture of the respective multi-spore cultures of the fungi. These steps can be repeated as necessary. Additionally, the formulation of biofertilizers involves mixing a suitable carrier with the inoculant, providing optimal conditions during storage, packaging, and dispatch, and ensuring survival and establishment after introduction into soils. Quality control is also important in the production of biofertilizers.
What enzymes are involved in the biosynthesis of ethanol by microorganisms?5 answersEthanol biosynthesis in microorganisms involves several enzymes. Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) is one of the key enzymes involved in the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol. Another important enzyme is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which catalyzes the conversion of acetaldehyde to ethanol. In some microorganisms, such as Zymomonas mobilis, pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase II (adhII) are responsible for ethanol production. Additionally, glucoamylase is an enzyme that can promote the degradation of starch material to glucose, which can then be fermented to ethanol. Hemicellulases, such as endoxylanase, β-xylosidase, acetylxylan esterase, α-d-glucuronidase, and α-l-arabinofuranosidase, are also involved in the biosynthesis of ethanol from xylan substrates.
What are the steps of enzyme engineering?5 answersEnzyme engineering involves several steps to modify enzymes for improved catalytic efficiency, stability, and specificity. Four main approaches are commonly followed in enzyme engineering: structure-guided enzymatic protein engineering, consensus designing, directed evolution, and in silico or computational protein designing. Structure-guided enzymatic protein engineering involves specific modifications based on the enzyme's structure. Consensus designing aims to enhance multienzyme activity by changing localization or enzyme folding. Directed evolution utilizes enzyme mutation and sequence libraries to select better variants with desired properties. In silico or computational protein designing is a fast-evolving approach that uses computer simulations to modify enzyme activity. These approaches can address functional shortcomings of native enzymes and improve their stability and specificity for commercial applications.

See what other people are reading

What are viruses?
5 answers
Viruses are simple biological entities composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein capsid, with some enveloped viruses also having a lipid envelope. They lack cellular structure and the ability to reproduce independently, behaving as intracellular parasites that rely on host cells for replication. Viruses have been crucial in evolution, possibly emerging before the first bacterial and archaeal cells, influencing the development of life forms. They can infect various organisms through different transmission modes, such as airborne particles, fecal-oral contact, and zoonosis. Additionally, viruses can also be computer programs that attach to other programs, causing damage and spreading surreptitiously. Understanding virus structure, classification, and replication is vital for managing viral infections effectively.
What are the potential applications of using E. coli DH5 in genetic engineering and cloning outside of biotechnology research?
4 answers
E. coli DH5α, a commonly used strain in genetic engineering, offers diverse applications beyond biotechnology research. It can be optimized for efficient gene transformation using Response Surface Methodology, enabling precise control over transformation parameters. Additionally, DH5α retains recombinase activity, facilitating in vivo assembly of DNA fragments into plasmids, simplifying cloning processes. Furthermore, E. coli strains like DH5α can be engineered to exhibit Reduced Oxidation And Reduction (ROAR), enhancing bioconversion processes involving aldehydes. This strain's versatility extends to controlled gene expression through quorum sensing and electrical signal manipulation, opening avenues for innovative sensor development and electrogenetics. Overall, E. coli DH5α's adaptability and functionality make it a valuable tool for various genetic engineering and cloning applications outside traditional biotechnology research settings.
What is a liquid biosy and what are the advantages and the challenges of liquid biopsy?
5 answers
A liquid biopsy is a non-invasive procedure that involves analyzing various biomarkers present in bodily fluids to detect tumor markers. It includes the examination of circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA, and other products released by tumors into the bloodstream. Liquid biopsy provides real-time information on tumor development, treatment targets, and therapy resistance, aiding in detection, risk assessment, treatment monitoring, and relapse detection for various solid tumors. The advantages of liquid biopsy lie in its ability to offer personalized treatment options, real-time monitoring, and the detection of genetic variations suitable for therapy monitoring and prognosis estimation. However, challenges include the need for further research to overcome obstacles and implement liquid biopsy in routine clinical practice effectively.
What does GenomeSet mean in KBase?
5 answers
In KBase, GenomeSet refers to a feature that allows users to organize and analyze sets of genomes collectively. This functionality enables researchers to compare, analyze, and manipulate multiple genomes simultaneously within the platform. GenomeSets in KBase facilitate tasks such as genome assembly, annotation, comparative genomics, and metabolic modeling, providing a comprehensive approach to studying biological data. By utilizing GenomeSets, scientists can perform large-scale analyses, integrate various data sources, and generate new hypotheses related to plant and microbial physiology and community dynamics. This tool enhances reproducibility and collaboration by enabling researchers to share and reproduce analyses efficiently, contributing to the advancement of predictive biology within the KBase platform.
Is DNA repair important in cancer?
5 answers
DNA repair plays a crucial role in cancer, acting as a double-edged sword. On one hand, DNA damage can lead to gene mutations, increasing cancer risk. Conversely, impaired DNA repair mechanisms can contribute to cancer initiation, development, and progression. Understanding DNA repair pathways is essential, as they are implicated in both cancer resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Targeting key enzymes in DNA repair pathways can induce synthetic lethality with traditional cancer treatments, offering a promising therapeutic strategy. Moreover, the development of precision oncology strategies, such as using PARP inhibitors, highlights the importance of DNA repair-targeted investigations in cancer treatment. Overall, DNA repair mechanisms play a vital role in both the development of cancer and the efficacy of cancer therapies, making them a significant focus in oncology research.
What is the role of cholesterol in the formation and function of cationic lipid/DNA complexes?
5 answers
Cholesterol plays a crucial role in the formation and function of cationic lipid/DNA complexes by enhancing transfection efficiency (TE) through various mechanisms. Studies have shown that cholesterol-containing lipoplexes exhibit efficient cellular entry via different endocytosis pathways, leading to high TE due to their ability to escape endosomes and undergo phase transitions in lipid formulations. Additionally, cholesterol-based cationic lipids with lysine headgroups demonstrate high pDNA binding affinity, larger-sized lipoplexes, and superior transfection efficacy compared to histidine headgroup counterparts. Furthermore, the incorporation of cholesterol in lipid membranes reduces the hydration repulsion layer, promoting fusion between cationic and endosomal membranes, facilitating complex release and enhancing TE in vitro.
What is total coliform and Thermotolerant coliform on scispace?
4 answers
Total coliform and thermotolerant coliform are types of bacteria used as indicators of water quality. Total coliform bacteria are a broad group that includes various bacteria found in the environment, soil, plants, and feces. On the other hand, thermotolerant coliform bacteria, such as E. coli, are a subset of total coliforms that can survive and grow at elevated temperatures, typically above 45°C. These thermotolerant microbes have proteins optimally active at high temperatures, making them advantageous for biotechnological applications. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the thermotolerance of these microbes is crucial for various applications, including bioconversion of biomass to fuels or chemicals. Thermotolerant hydrogenases, a type of metalloprotein found in thermophilic microorganisms, play a crucial role in microbial metabolic processes at high temperatures.
What is Staphylococcus aureus in microbiological tests in food?
4 answers
Staphylococcus aureus is a significant foodborne pathogen causing food poisoning and infections in humans and animals. Studies have highlighted its prevalence in various food sources, including milk, meat, cheese, and celery, with specific biotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns identified. The bacterium exhibits methicillin resistance, with the presence of the mecA gene in some strains, emphasizing the importance of monitoring antibiotic resistance in foodborne isolates. Detection methods like staggered strand exchange amplification (SSEA) have been developed to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of S. aureus identification in food samples, enabling rapid and accurate detection without the need for bacterial enrichment. These findings underscore the necessity of stringent food safety measures to mitigate the risks associated with S. aureus contamination in the food chain.
How does RNA sequencing work in practice?
5 answers
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) involves several key steps for analyzing gene expression. Initially, experimental design, quality control, read alignment, and quantification of gene and transcript levels are conducted. Visualization, differential gene expression, alternative splicing, functional analysis, gene fusion detection, and eQTL mapping follow. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has enabled the study of individual cells, revolutionizing biological research. Recent advancements include direct RNA sequencing using nanopores, allowing real-time detection of splice variants and RNA modifications. A novel method called SHERRY utilizes Tn5 transposase to construct RNA-seq libraries without second-strand synthesis, offering simplicity, scalability, and improved reproducibility compared to traditional methods. Standardized methodological information is crucial for reproducibility and accuracy in RNA-seq studies, emphasizing the need for explicit pipeline details in research publications.
Whats the optimized FRT sequence for enhanced recombination?
5 answers
The optimized FRT sequence for enhanced recombination involves mutant FRT sequences with specific characteristics. These mutant FRT sequences possess substitutions of at least one nucleotide in a region other than the spacer region, causing no specific DNA recombination with wild-type FRT but enabling specific recombination with another mutant FRT sequence in the presence of recombinase FLP. This optimized FRT sequence allows for high-efficiency gene insertion or replacement, facilitating precise genetic modifications. By utilizing these mutant FRT sequences, researchers can achieve targeted and efficient DNA recombination reactions, enhancing the effectiveness of genetic engineering techniques.
How are mass produced parts produced?
4 answers
Mass produced parts are manufactured using various methods outlined in the research papers. One approach involves manipulating a desired model mathematically to create a mold assembly that corresponds to the final part configuration, which is then used to produce the part before conforming it to the original model. Another method utilizes selective sintering of powder layers controlled by a computer directing laser energy to create the part layer by layer until completion. Additionally, the concept of Reverse Engineering involves obtaining a geometric CAD model from scanned 3D points to automate production processes, reducing costs and enhancing manufacturing efficiency. Mass produced tools are also employed to form parts efficiently, where identical tool blanks are stacked and finished to increase availability and decrease production downtime.