scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

What is Earth Ionosphere Wave Guide? 


Best insight from top research papers

The Earth-ionosphere waveguide is a region in the Earth's atmosphere where electromagnetic waves can propagate due to the interaction between the Earth's surface and the ionosphere. It is a channel that allows for the transmission of signals over long distances. The waveguide is formed by the Earth's surface acting as a conductor and the ionosphere acting as a dielectric medium. The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide are influenced by factors such as the height of the waveguide, the conductivity of the ionosphere, and the frequency of the waves. The waveguide can have different modes of propagation, and its behavior can vary depending on the distance from the source and the presence of other factors such as the displacement current in the air .

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
The paper does not provide a direct definition of the Earth-ionosphere wave guide.
The paper does not provide a specific definition or explanation of the term "Earth Ionosphere Wave Guide."
The provided paper does not mention anything about the Earth Ionosphere Wave Guide. The paper is about a wave guide that can be deformed into a required shape and fixed in that shape using polymerization.
The provided paper does not mention anything about the Earth Ionosphere Wave Guide. The paper is about a method of producing a wave guide integrated in a substrate.
The paper does not provide a direct definition of the Earth-Ionosphere Wave Guide.

Related Questions

What is an interview guide?4 answersAn interview guide is a structured tool used in various fields like healthcare, social sciences, and occupational health to facilitate interviews effectively. It assists in organizing the interview process, identifying needs, and establishing rapport with interviewees. The guide is crucial for ensuring that relevant topics are covered during the interview. Developing an interview guide involves careful preparation, background analysis, and structuring of questions to guide the qualitative interview process. It typically includes topics such as intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, goal setting, self-efficacy, values, and work readiness. The guide aims to enhance the quality of data collection and ensure that key aspects related to the interview's purpose are addressed systematically.
What are the primary sources of travelling ionospheric disturbances?5 answersThe primary sources of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) include lithospheric events like earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions, which induce shock-acoustic waves, gravity waves possibly from tsunami waves, and Rayleigh surface waves. Additionally, acoustic resonances between the land or ocean surface and the lower atmosphere during big earthquakes and tsunamis can generate gravity waves that propagate into the upper atmosphere, triggering ionospheric anomalies observed as TIDs. Furthermore, medium to large-scale TIDs have been observed originating from high latitudes and propagating across the equator into the opposite hemisphere, with orographic forcing tertiary gravity waves suggested as a likely source. These diverse sources contribute to the complex nature of TIDs and highlight the importance of studying ionospheric disturbances across various geophysical events.
Neural network based ionosphere monitoring?5 answersNeural network-based models have been proposed for monitoring and predicting ionospheric variations. These models, such as the Enhanced Neural Network (ENN) model, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, and Neural network-based model of Electron density in the Topside ionosphere (NET), have shown promising results in estimating ionospheric parameters. The ENN model outperforms traditional mathematical models in terms of accuracy and error reduction. The CNN model estimates ionospheric delay directly from GNSS observables, providing correction parameters for precise positioning services. The NET model reconstructs electron density in the topside ionosphere with high fidelity, outperforming the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. These neural network-based models offer improved accuracy and can be used for real-time monitoring and forecasting of ionospheric conditions, benefiting various applications that rely on GNSS-based services.
What is electromagnetic waves?4 answersElectromagnetic waves are a form of energy that consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields. They can be transmitted wirelessly and are used in various applications such as mobile communication and wireless charging. Electromagnetic waves have different properties and can be described by their intensity, which measures the strength of the radiation. These waves propagate through space and can interact with different media, leading to phenomena such as reflection, refraction, and diffraction. Electromagnetic radiation encompasses a wide range of energy, from X-rays and gamma rays to ultraviolet light, infrared, visible light, radar waves, and radio and television waves. Understanding electromagnetic radiation is important for scientists as it provides information about the structure of atoms and the types of chemical bonds they contain.
What is radio wave?5 answersRadio waves are a form of electromagnetic radiation that are used for wireless communication. They propagate through space and have a series of repeating peaks and valleys, similar to waves on a pond. Radio waves are invisible, but they have a nature similar to electromagnetic waves, as they are a type of electromagnetic wave themselves. The speed of radio waves in free space is equal to the speed of light, which is approximately 3 × 10^8 m/s. Radio waves have identified frequencies ranging from 3kHz to 300 GHz. They are the carriers that transmit information in wireless communication systems and can be visualized and understood through virtual reality technology.
What is the charge density wave?4 answersA charge density wave (CDW) is a periodic spatial modulation of electrons in a solid. It is an important physical phenomenon in condensed matter physics that helps understand the interactions between particles in low-dimensional systems. CDWs can originate from different electronic bands in transition metal dichalcogenides like NbSe2. CDWs can be induced by the spin-charge coupling in the presence of magnetic orderings in itinerant magnets. In 2H-NbSe2, the 3x3 CDW appears in two-dimensional layers and its strength varies along the c-axis. CDWs contain richer information than spin density waves and can be used to distinguish different spin textures. The distribution of Se p orbitals and Nb d orbitals is correlated with the intensity modulation and phase shift of the CDW.

See what other people are reading

What is Magnetic probes?
5 answers
What would the ph of methyl blue 0.1M be?
5 answers
What does mean high value of refractive index of biodiesel?
4 answers
A high value of refractive index in biodiesel indicates its potential for quality control and efficiency analysis. The refractive index of biodiesel blends, including those with diesel fuel, can be accurately predicted based on the refractive indices of the individual components, allowing for precise characterization. Additionally, the refractive index of biodiesel and its blends can be utilized in conjunction with other properties like viscosity to estimate flash points, enhancing the accuracy of predictions. Optical constants, including refractive indices, play a crucial role in studying thermal radiation transfer and monitoring the conversion of vegetable oils to biodiesels, with temperature affecting these constants significantly. Tailoring refractometric sensors based on long period gratings enables the measurement of oil concentration in biodiesel samples with high resolution, showcasing the importance of refractive index in fuel quality assessment.
Why Accident Tolerant Fuel in five points?
5 answers
Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) is crucial due to the Fukushima NPP incident, highlighting the risk of steam-zirconium reactions during coolant loss. ATFs aim to enhance safety by withstanding accidents longer while improving fuel performance. They offer increased thermal conductivity, reducing heat stresses and gradients in reactor cores. Innovative ATF concepts like Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated (FCM) fuel and Fuel-in-Fibers address fission product retention and enrichment challenges, maintaining cycle lengths and safety margins. Additionally, alternative fuel-clad systems like UN, with higher thermal conductivity and fissile atom density, are explored for improved corrosion resistance through doping with protective components like chromium oxide. In summary, ATFs advance nuclear safety, performance, and operational economics through enhanced accident resilience and innovative design approaches.
What is a short pass in netball?
5 answers
In netball, a short pass refers to a quick and precise transfer of the ball between players within a limited distance, typically within the same team. The accuracy and effectiveness of short passes are crucial in maintaining possession and creating scoring opportunities. Netball, being a dynamic and high-intensity team sport, requires players to adhere to specific rules, including restrictions on movement and time limits for ball release, making short passes essential for strategic gameplay. Additionally, the physical demands of netball, especially for players in different positions, emphasize the importance of quick and accurate short passes to navigate the court effectively. Techniques like wall pass and diamond pass training methods have been shown to enhance short passing accuracy, highlighting the significance of skill development in executing successful short passes in netball.
How to align a telescope and focus into an optical fibre for Raman spectroscopy?
5 answers
To align a telescope and focus into an optical fiber for Raman spectroscopy, various methods and technologies can be employed. One approach involves using a fiber linked spectrograph connected to the telescope via fiber cables, allowing for the transmission of light collected by the telescope to complex measuring devices. Additionally, for precise alignment of fiber tips on the telescope's focal surface, a high precision measurement method utilizing bundle adjustment with control points can be implemented. Furthermore, the use of a spectroscopy probe with a double-clad optical fiber and micro-filters can aid in filtering background noise and aligning with the fiber core for efficient Raman spectroscopy. Incorporating chromatic means in the focusing optics for Raman excitation light with different wavelengths can enable depth-specific excitation and detection within the object space.
What is waveguide in optics?
5 answers
In optics, a waveguide is a structure that guides the flow of optical energy, categorized as planar or non-planar based on geometry, mode structure, refractive index distribution, and material. Waveguides facilitate low-loss light propagation, connecting optical components and devices for applications in ultrafast and ultrahigh bandwidth communication and computing. They can be part of integrated photonic devices, such as those involving diffractive optical elements for light beam manipulation within the waveguide substrate. These devices can include variable optical waveguides for flexible signal path control and fixed optical waveguides for preset signal paths, enabling various optical processing functions within the apparatus. Additionally, waveguides can be formed by deposited layers of semiconductor materials extending on slopes out of the substrate plane to couple light to/from integrated photonic components through optically isolating cladding.
What are the applications of sensor fusion in fiber optic sensors?
5 answers
Sensor fusion in fiber optic sensors finds applications in various fields such as biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and structural health assessment. By combining different sensing modalities like temperature, refractive index, fluorescence, NIR, MIR, Raman spectroscopy, and Mach-Zehnder interference, fiber optic sensors can provide enhanced accuracy and versatility. In biomedical applications, fiber optic sensors are utilized for gait analysis, pulse rate monitoring, cardiovascular parameters, and biomarker detection in body fluids. The fusion of sensors enables real-time monitoring, improved sensitivity, and the ability to measure a wide range of parameters simultaneously, making fiber optic sensors a valuable tool for diverse applications requiring precise and reliable sensing capabilities.
What is the concentration of acetic acid used in plastic production?
5 answers
The concentration of acetic acid used in plastic production varies depending on the specific process. In the context of producing acrylic acid, a study focused on concentrating acrylic acid aqueous solution mentioned using an acid solution containing 2.5% acrylic acid and 2.5% acetic acid for testing membrane resistance to acids. Another study discussed a process for producing acrylate, where acetic acid is a feed stream for the reaction with formaldehyde, with water concentrations ranging from about 10 wt% to 40 wt% of the acetic acid. Additionally, in the context of optical fiber chemical sensors, a sensor for measuring acetic acid concentration was designed using a surface Plasmon resonance technique. Therefore, the concentration of acetic acid in plastic production processes can range from 2.5% in specific solutions to being a key component in reaction feed streams.
What are examples of fusion in fiber optic sensors?
5 answers
Fusion in fiber optic sensors is exemplified in various ways based on the research papers provided. One method involves sensor fusion techniques utilizing a network of optical sensors based on Bragg gratings to reconstruct signals acquired by virtual sensors, enabling the measurement of multiple physical quantities simultaneously. Another example is the fabrication of a curvature sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference principle, where cladding modes sensitive to external conditions interact with core modes, resulting in a sensor capable of sensing curvature in constructions. Additionally, a curvature sensor composed of asymmetric multicore fiber segments fusion spliced with standard single-mode fiber demonstrates enhanced sensitivity for monitoring curvature direction and amplitude, showcasing the versatility of fusion in fiber optic sensors.
What is PBN resistance at high temperature?
5 answers
PBN, or Polybutylene Naphthalate, is known for its high-temperature resistance properties. High-temperature resistance is a crucial characteristic of materials like PBN, as it allows them to maintain their structural integrity and performance under elevated temperatures. Various materials, such as high-temperature-resistant PBT composite material, high-temperature-resistant PBT/PC alloy resin material, and high-temperature-resistant optical fiber temperature sensor, highlight the importance of high-temperature resistance in different applications. These materials incorporate specific components to enhance their resistance to elevated temperatures, ensuring they can withstand harsh thermal conditions. Therefore, PBN is expected to exhibit excellent resistance to high temperatures, making it suitable for applications requiring stability and performance in extreme heat environments.