How laser sensors are used in aircraft?5 answersLaser sensors are utilized in aircraft for various purposes. They are employed in anti-jamming solutions to enhance sensor efficiency under active jamming scenarios. Laser sensing devices are designed with rotating probes to align laser beams with the aircraft's speed direction, improving detection precision. Additionally, aircraft systems incorporate optical sensors that adjust laser emission intensity based on the operational state of the aircraft, ensuring optimal performance. In robotics and aerospace applications, laser-based sensors aid in navigation, collision avoidance, and mapping tasks, offering high ranging accuracy for platform pose estimation. Laser sensors are also used in plane detection methods, where machine learning models optimize data to identify and classify different medium types, enhancing mapping accuracy and positioning.
What types of fiber optic sensing exists?5 answersFiber optic sensing encompasses various types of sensors based on different principles. These include intensity, phase, and wavelength-based sensors. Single-fiber and double-fiber sensors are used for measuring displacement and gas pressure. Fiber optic sensors can be classified as point, multiplexed, long-base, and distributed sensors, each with its own advantages. Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) systems utilize backscattered light to measure temperature, strain, vibrations, and acoustic excitations. Another classification of fiber-optic sensors is based on the Mandelstam - Brillouin scattering principle, which can function in the time or frequency domain. These sensors have applications in structural monitoring, temperature measurement, leak detection, and stress analysis.
How can sensor fusion be used to improve the performance of robots?5 answersSensor fusion is a technique that combines information from multiple sensors to improve the performance of robots. It can enhance the accuracy and reliability of data collection, enabling precise control of robotic arms and dexterous hands. By fusing and processing sensing information, sensor fusion enables real-time control of anthropomorphic robotic arms, replicating the motion of human manipulators. In the context of visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), sensor fusion incorporates encoder measurements and employs geometric techniques to filter out features detected on moving objects, resulting in improved accuracy and real-time performance. Additionally, sensor fusion can optimize the number of sensors used in a system, reducing costs and resource consumption while improving the performance of multi-sensor fusion. Overall, sensor fusion techniques effectively exploit heterogeneous sensors and data fusion algorithms to enhance the performance of robots in various applications.
What are the applications of optical fiber-based sensors?5 answersOptical fiber-based sensors have a wide range of applications including medicine, automotive, biotechnology, food quality control, aerospace, physical and chemical monitoring, gas sensing, chemical sensing, biomolecules, industrial hazards, safety issues, drug monitoring, and heavy metal detections. These sensors have been utilized to measure physical and chemical variations in the surrounding environment, and have played a crucial role in detecting high fever and tackling pandemics like COVID-19. They have also been used for monitoring industrial environmental pollutants such as NH3, ethylenediamine, alcohol, and acetone. Optical fiber-based sensors offer advantages such as low cost, immunity to electromagnetic interference, easy multiplexing, and compact size, making them a useful tool in various sensing applications. These sensors can be developed using techniques such as evanescent field absorption spectroscopy, fiber Bragg grating (FBG), long-period grating (LPG), ringdown spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI).
What are the different types of optical fibre-based sensors?5 answersOptical fiber-based sensors have various types and applications. In-fiber interferometric sensors are rapidly growing and offer accurate measurements for physical and chemical quantities. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are widely used and can detect changes in temperature and strain based on reflected light spectrum analysis. Optical sensors designed for biomedical applications include surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensors, and thin film biosensors. Guided waves (GW) and acoustic emission (AE) sensors based on optical fibers are used for structural health monitoring (SHM) and offer advantages such as low weight, small size, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Overall, fiber optic sensors provide a range of options for different sensing needs, including interferometric sensors, FBG sensors, biomedical sensors, and SHM sensors.
What are the different techniques for multi-sensor fusion?5 answersMulti-sensor fusion techniques include deep fusion models with attention mechanism (AMMFN), transformer-based fusion architecture (AFT-VO), and fusion based on spectrogram image fusion. The AMMFN model proposes a multi-layer deep fusion network that enhances information interaction and achieves adaptive hierarchical fusion of information. The AFT-VO architecture combines predictions from asynchronous multi-view cameras and accounts for time discrepancies, achieving robust and accurate trajectories. The spectrogram image fusion method enables the fusion of multiple and heterogeneous sensors in the time-frequency domain, effectively classifying device faults.