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What is Indentation hardness? Which factors have effect on that?

Surface roughness

Vickers hardness test

Knoop hardness test

Penetration depth

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Indentation hardness refers to the resistance of a material to deformation under an indenter's penetration. Factors influencing indentation hardness include the indentation size effect (ISE), surface roughness, geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs), and experimental parameters like load and depth. The ISE, observed as a change in hardness with decreasing penetration depth, can be affected by external factors like specimen surface defects and indenter tip irregularities . Surface roughness plays a role in inducing greater hardness values, with rougher surfaces leading to higher hardness due to increased GND density . Experimental parameters such as load significantly impact indentation hardness, with higher loads resulting in increased hardness values . Understanding these factors is crucial for accurate hardness measurements and material characterization in various applications.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Investigating Roughness Effect to Geometrically Necessary Dislocation in Micro-Indentation using Finite Element Analysis Heoy Geok How, Hun Guan Chuah, Yew Heng Teoh - Show less +2 more 29 May 2023-Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics	Indentation hardness is the resistance of a material to deformation under applied load during indentation. Factors affecting it include surface roughness, indenter tip radius, oxidation, and crack formation.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Study on Size Effect in Indentation Tests Xiaozhen Li, Weixu Zhang, Zheling Dong, Zhi-gang Wang, Dingjun Li, Jianpu Zhang - Show less +5 more 14 Dec 2022-Coatings 1 Citations	Indentation hardness is affected by the indentation size effect (ISE), influenced by factors like specimen surface defect and indenter tip irregularity, which can lead to hardness-depth-dependent relationships.
Journal Article•DOI Impact of Micro-Indentation on Hardness and Indentation Depth of Ni-Cr Super Alloys Gourav Khajuria, M.F. Wani, M. Mir - Show less +2 more 24 Jun 2022-Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies	Indentation hardness is influenced by factors like indentation load and dwell time. It is a crucial property affecting material behavior during operations like sliding, turning, etc., as studied in Ni-Cr superalloys.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Indentation size effect when measuring Vickers hardness V. I. Moshchenok, Vasyl Vasilovich Moshchenok - Show less +1 more 26 Aug 2022-Vestnik Harʹkovskogo nacionalʹnogo avtomobilʹno-dorožnogo universiteta	Indentation hardness, like Vickers hardness, is affected by the indentation size effect. Factors influencing it include load applied, material properties, and indenter size, impacting hardness measurements significantly.

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