scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

What is the chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride? 


Best insight from top research papers

The chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride involves a series of synthetic steps. Initially, the enantioselective resolution of methylphenidate free base is achieved through diastereomeric salt preparation with (+)-di-para-toluyl-D-tartaric acid . Subsequently, hydrolysis of the methyl ester (±)-threo-methylphenidate yields (±)-threo-ritalinic acid, which crystallizes into colorless prisms . The synthesis of (2 R,2′ R)- THREO-(+)-methylphenidate involves ring-closing metathesis for the piperidine ring and Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation for stereocenter generation . Additionally, the preparation of threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride includes steps such as reacting 1-(phenylglyoxylyl)piperidine arenesulfonylhydrazone with an inorganic base and hydrogen chloride in methanol to obtain the desired product .

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
The chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride involves a piperidine ring constructed via ring-closing metathesis and two stereocenters generated by Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation.
The chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride is efficiently synthesized via enantioselective resolution of methylphenidate free base using (+)-di-para-toluyl-D-tartaric acid.
The chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride is not explicitly mentioned in the provided abstract and title.
The chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride is derived from 1-(phenylglyoxylyl)piperidine arenesulfonylhydrazone and hydrogen chloride in methanol, resulting in threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride.
The chemical structure of (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride is derived from the process involving α-phenyl-α-pipyridyl acetamide hydrolysis, methanol reaction, and hydrochloride treatment as outlined in the paper.

Related Questions

What is Methyl parathion?4 answersMethyl parathion is an organophosphorus compound widely used as an insecticide in agriculture, particularly on crops like cotton, corn, wheat, and fruits. It acts as an irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, causing nervous system damage and respiratory paralysis in exposed organisms. The compound is highly toxic, with symptoms of acute poisoning including headache, weakness, nausea, and muscle tremors. Detection of methyl parathion residues in agricultural products is crucial, often done using methods like High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Research has shown that degradation of methyl parathion can be achieved using various methods like photocatalysis with copper(I) oxide nanoparticles or treatment with ferrate, offering efficient removal and detoxification.
Methylphenidate Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ?5 answersMethylphenidate is commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. It has been found to improve ADHD symptoms and general behavior in this population, as reported in several studies. However, the evidence on the benefits and harms of methylphenidate is uncertain, and the certainty of the evidence for all outcomes is very low. Methylphenidate may cause more non-serious adverse events, such as sleep problems and decreased appetite, compared to placebo or no intervention. The effectiveness of methylphenidate can vary based on individual factors, such as age and comorbidity. It is important to note that the true magnitude of effects and the long-term effects of methylphenidate remain unclear. Future research should investigate subgroups of patients with ADHD that may benefit most and least from methylphenidate.
What are the chemical properties of 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride?5 answers2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AIBA) is a compound with high thermal stability and is used as an initiator in the synthesis of high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile (HMW-PAN) polymers. It is also known as a water-soluble free radical initiator. AIBA is used in the aqueous deposited polymerization (ADP) method, along with itaconic acid (IA) as a comonomer, to synthesize PAN copolymers. The utilization of IA in the reaction system helps to relax the thermo-oxidation process. AIBA initiates exothermic cyclization and oxidative reactions during the heat-treatment process, resulting in the formation of doublet peaks in the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves of PAN copolymers. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) of PAN homopolymer and copolymers show the presence of nitrile group (C≡N), amido group (NH2), carbonyl group (C=O), and C-O single bond, indicating hydrolysis of C≡N during the polymerization process.
What is the chemical structure of trimethoprim?5 answersTrimethoprim is a heterocyclic compound with the chemical structure 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene and pyrimidine-2,4-diamine. It is a white or yellowish-white powder, slightly soluble in water and ethanol. The molecular weight of trimethoprim is 290.3 g/mole.
What is the structure of methyl 2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl) acetate?5 answersMethyl 2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl) acetate is a compound with the molecular formula C8H13NO2. The structure of this compound has not been specifically mentioned in the provided abstracts.
What are the biological activities of methyl 2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl) acetate?5 answersMethyl 2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl) acetate has been found to have a pronounced plant growth stimulating effect, showing a level of 65-87% relative to heteroauxin. However, there is no information available in the provided abstracts regarding any other biological activities of this compound.

See what other people are reading

How to synthesis a 10 carbon bycicle system?
5 answers
To synthesize a 10-carbon bicycle system, ring-closing metathesis (RCM) can be employed, as demonstrated in the synthesis of carbocycle B. Additionally, the removal of a C-10 oxygen substituent can be achieved through reductive reactions using samarium diiodide, as seen in the conversion of taxol, baccatin III, or 10-deacetylbaccatin III. Furthermore, laser ablation of graphite followed by UV laser irradiation has been shown to yield C10− clusters, indicating the formation of cyclic structures for C10 and its anion. By combining these methods, one can potentially synthesize a 10-carbon bicycle system through strategic chemical transformations and laser-induced processes, leveraging the insights provided by the diverse research contexts.
How indiscriminate use of Ritalin affects studying and routine?
5 answers
The indiscriminate use of Ritalin, also known as methylphenidate, among students can have detrimental effects on studying and daily routines. Studies show that students often misuse Ritalin to enhance cognitive performance, stay awake for extended periods, and improve concentration. This misuse can lead to serious health complications such as cardiovascular events, psychiatric disorders, and neurological issues. Additionally, the over-prescription of Ritalin due to potential over-diagnosis of ADHD raises ethical concerns and may hinder personal development, creativity, and originality in children. While Ritalin can impact behavior, it does not necessarily enhance learning and may even mask underlying academic problems. Therefore, it is crucial to use Ritalin sparingly, critically, and in conjunction with other interventions to avoid adverse effects on studying and daily routines.
How to make Li2S?
5 answers
To synthesize lithium sulfide (Li2S), various methods have been proposed in the literature. One approach involves a green, solution-based synthesis through coupled metathesis reactions, starting with the reaction between Na2S and LiCl to form Li2S, which is then combined with SiCl4 to produce SiS2 and regenerate LiCl. Another method utilizes an aluminothermal approach, where lithium sulfate is thermally reduced with aluminum to yield Li2S, offering advantages like lower temperatures and faster completion without greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, a waste-free method involves precipitating crystalline Li2S from an organic solution after a metathetic reaction between a lithium salt and sodium sulfide, with the process being environmentally friendly and economically competitive. A liquid-phase synthesis method using lithium, sulfur, biphenyl, and DME solvent has also been developed to produce Li2S at room temperature, with the byproduct being recyclable, showcasing cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency.
How to open the lactone ring of amphidinolides?
5 answers
To open the lactone ring of amphidinolides, several strategies have been employed in different total synthesis approaches. These strategies include ring-closing metathesis (RCM) for constructing macrocyclic lactone rings, Mioskowski's Lewis acid catalyzed epoxide opening with alcohol, ring-closing metathesis, Wittig reaction, and Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi coupling reaction, and a novel intramolecular transesterification of β-lactones for macrolactone preparation. Additionally, the synthesis of amphidinolide P involved a thermally induced, intramolecular lactonization via the late-stage formation of an intermediate α-acylketene. These diverse methods showcase the versatility and creativity in opening the lactone ring of amphidinolides during total synthesis processes.
What are the disadvantages of olefin metathesis?
5 answers
Olefin metathesis, while a powerful synthetic tool, does have its drawbacks. One significant disadvantage lies in the potential interference of basic amines with catalytic activity, traditionally leading to inefficient metathesis reactions. Additionally, the volatility of ethylene, a byproduct of olefin metathesis, can impact reaction efficiency by forming highly reactive but unstable methylidene complexes, which may either enhance or hinder the reaction depending on the scenario. Furthermore, early-stage metathesis catalysts were sensitive to humidity and substrate functionalities, posing stability issues; although redesigned catalysts offer improved activity and selectivity, they can still be costly and environmentally concerning. Despite these drawbacks, ongoing research aims to address these challenges and enhance the efficiency and applicability of olefin metathesis reactions.
What are the disadvantages of olefin metathesis catalysts?
5 answers
Olefin metathesis catalysts face several challenges. Water presence can lead to catalyst decomposition, hindering metathesis reactions in water-rich environments and promoting unwanted reactions like DNA degradation. Some Mo-based catalysts exhibit reduced activity with longer chain α-olefins due to strong adsorption of metathesis products on the catalyst surface. Issues like low disproportionation activity and short catalyst lifespan have been addressed by developing catalysts containing elements like tungsten, molybdenum, and rhenium on specific carriers with controlled impurity levels. Sterically demanding indenylidene ligands in Ru-based catalysts can affect the first turnover event by influencing phosphine dissociation and metallacycle stability. These challenges highlight the importance of catalyst design and optimization for efficient olefin metathesis reactions.
What is a stepwise thematic synthesis?
5 answers
A stepwise thematic synthesis is a method used in qualitative research to identify, analyze, and report patterns within data from multiple studies systematically. This approach involves five key steps that parallel those of primary research, as outlined in the literature. The process includes coding text line-by-line, developing descriptive themes, generating analytical themes, interpreting and explaining these themes, and drawing conclusions. Thematic synthesis allows for the integration of findings from various qualitative studies, enabling the creation of new interpretive constructs or hypotheses beyond individual studies. It emphasizes staying close to primary study results while facilitating the explicit production of new concepts. This method is considered a tried and tested approach that maintains transparency and rigor in synthesizing qualitative research findings.
What are the most commonly used starting compounds for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure (2R,2'R)-( )-threo-Methylphenidate Hydrochloride?
4 answers
The most commonly used starting compounds for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure (2R,2'R)-(+)-threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride include 2-chloropyridine, phenylacetonitrile, and methyl esterification agents. Various methods have been employed for the preparation of this compound, such as substitution reactions, hydrogenation, configuration inversion, chiral resolution, and salification processes. Additionally, approaches utilizing enantiomerically pure precursors obtained by resolution, classical and enzyme-based resolution methods, enantioselective synthesis approaches, and epimerization at the 2-position have been explored for enhancing the enantiomeric purity of threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride. Furthermore, ring-closing metathesis and Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation techniques have been utilized for constructing the piperidine ring and generating stereocenters efficiently during the synthesis process.
What is the chemical structure of cefcapene complex?
5 answers
The chemical structure of the cefcapene complex involves a series of synthesis steps. Initially, a condensation reaction is carried out on specific compounds to obtain a compound represented by formula IV. Subsequently, a deprotection reaction is performed on this compound in a non-water-soluble organic solvent under the action of a Lewis acid to yield a compound represented by formula I. Finally, a reaction is conducted on this compound and hydrochloric acid to produce the cefcapene lactone compound hydrochloride. This complex synthesis process ensures high yield and purity of the final product, making it suitable for industrial production.
What are the potential adverse effects of methylphenidate on the parent-child relationship?
5 answers
Methylphenidate, commonly used to treat ADHD in children, may have implications for the parent-child relationship due to its potential adverse effects. Research indicates that methylphenidate can lead to non-serious adverse events, such as sleep problems and decreased appetite. Additionally, while methylphenidate may improve teacher-rated ADHD symptoms and general behavior, its impact on quality of life remains uncertain. It is crucial for parents to be aware of these effects to make informed decisions about their child's treatment. Providing accurate and reliable information about methylphenidate's adverse effects is essential to support families in managing the medication's potential impact on the parent-child relationship.