What is the history and development of steady state spectroscopy?
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Steady state spectroscopy has traditionally been approached as a tool to probe the structure of matter. It treats electromagnetic radiation as a weak perturbation that drives transitions between stationary states of the material system. The lineshape of the transition is determined by a Fourier transform of the thermally averaged dipole correlation function, which is a property of the system's dynamics in the absence of the field . The development of steady state spectroscopy has led to investigations of solvent dependence on elementary steps in proton transfer reactions. A probe system of a pyrene-based photoacid and a phosphine oxide has been used to trigger excited-state proton transfer along a hydrogen bond, which can be observed via fluorescence spectroscopy . Additionally, steady state spectroscopy has been used to study the density of states inside the band gap of semiconductors. Analytical formulas have been derived to estimate the density of states from diffusion length measurements, providing insights into the energy dependence of the density of states and the behavior of carriers in amorphous materials . The spectroscopy of various molecules, such as 2-(N-methylacetimidoyl)-1-naphthol and 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole, has also been studied to understand their photophysics and potential applications as biological probes .
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