What is the molecular diversity of Ethiopia in terms of lineage and distribution of molecular types?
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Ethiopia exhibits significant molecular diversity in various pathogens. For instance, in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), four different topotypes of the SAT-2 serotype have been circulating over 25 years, with conserved and hyper-variable amino acid sequences in the VP1 protein . In the case of SARS-CoV-2, Ethiopia played a role in dissemination, with the B.1.480 lineage persisting through multiple infection waves and being eventually out-competed by the Delta variant . Additionally, HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in Ethiopia are relatively low, with only 2% of individuals harboring major INSTIs resistance mutations, indicating the natural occurrence of mutations in the absence of selective drug pressure . Furthermore, genetic diversity in Ethiopian chickpea germplasm revealed three distinct groups (improved desi, improved kabuli, and landraces) and six sub-populations, providing insights for conservation and trait improvement strategies .
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| Papers (4) | Insight |
|---|---|
| Ethiopia's molecular diversity of SARS-CoV-2 includes lineage B.1.480 persisting post-Alpha variant, out-competed by Delta variant, with limited local sequencing hindering epidemic response. | |
| Ethiopia exhibited four FMDV SAT-2 topotypes (IV, XIV, XIII, and VII) over 25 years, with conserved RGD motif but hyper-variable regions in VP1 protein, showing genetic diversity. | |
| All newly diagnosed ART-naive Ethiopians in the study harbored HIV-1C strain, indicating homogeneous lineage distribution with low INSTI resistance mutations, supporting INSTI use in Ethiopia. | |
31 Jan 2023 | Ethiopia's SARS-CoV-2 diversity includes the B.1.480 lineage persisting post-Alpha variant emergence, later out-competed by Delta. Limited local sequencing hindered comprehensive genomic epidemiology. |
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