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What is the standard chloroform extraction method for GC analysis ?

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The standard chloroform extraction method for GC analysis involves various techniques. One method utilizes in situ solvent formation-liquid phase microextraction with chloroform as the extraction solvent . Another approach uses carbon tetrachloride as an internal standard substance, n-pentane or n-heptane as the extraction agent, and gas chromatography for analysis . Additionally, a solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method has been developed for analyzing chlorobenzenes in water, optimizing SPME and GC conditions for accurate results . Furthermore, a method for fatty acid extraction, conversion to fatty acid methyl esters, and quantification using GC-MS with an internal standard is described for plant tissue analysis . These diverse methods showcase the versatility and importance of chloroform extraction techniques in GC analysis across different research domains.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI GC-MS-Based Analysis of Methanol: Chloroform-extracted Fatty Acids from Plant Tissues. Manishkumar Patel, Shubhashis Das, Jitendra K. Thakur - Show less +2 more 20 Sep 2018 8 Citations	The standard chloroform extraction method for GC analysis involves using a 1:2 (vv) chloroform:methanol solvent extraction solution to extract fatty acids from plant tissues for identification and quantification.
Open access•Dissertation Validação de um Método de Ensaio para Análise de Clorobenzenos por SPME – GC/MS Sofia Alexandra Oliveira da Silva 21 Apr 2017 3 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Patent Method for testing content of chloroform in extraction residual liquid through gas chromatography Yang Qin, Cui Xiaojing, Sun Qian - Show less +2 more 22 Mar 2019 1 Citations	The standard chloroform extraction method for GC analysis involves using carbon tetrachloride as an internal standard, n-pentane or n-heptane as the extraction agent, and subsequent gas chromatography analysis.
Journal Article•DOI In situ formation of chloroform for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of some aromatic amines from aqueous samples optimized by central composite design prior to GC-MS analysis. Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin, Mir Ali Farajzadeh, Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam - Show less +2 more 27 Apr 2023-Analytical Methods	The paper introduces an in situ chloroform formation method using chloral hydrate for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of aromatic amines prior to GC-MS analysis.

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Is Trihydroxypalmitic acid methyl esterfiable for GC analysis ?5 answersTrihydroxypalmitic acid methyl ester is not specifically mentioned in the provided contexts. However, the contexts discuss the derivatization of various fatty acids to methyl esters for GC analysis. Different methods are highlighted, such as using basic catalysts like potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, enzymatic microreactors with lipase immobilization, and efficient universal methods utilizing swellable organically modified silica (SOMS) as a nano-reactor. Additionally, a reliable analysis of palm oil polyol esters through esterification with trimethylolpropane for lubricant production is described. These methods demonstrate the conversion of various fatty acids to methyl esters for GC analysis, showcasing the versatility and applicability of derivatization techniques in chromatographic analysis.

How Does Gas Chromatography (GC) Work?4 answersGas chromatography (GC) is an analytical technique used to separate and analyze components in a mixture based on their affinity for a stationary phase and a mobile phase. The components of the sample are dissolved in a solvent and vaporized, and then distributed between the stationary phase and the mobile phase. The stationary phase can be a thin liquid or a polymer layer on a solid, while the mobile phase is a gaseous phase that carries the volatile compounds through the column. The separation is achieved based on the polarity of the compounds, with volatile or derivatized compounds being more easily separated. The separation efficiency can be increased by maintaining or ramping temperatures in the column. Various detectors, such as mass spectrometry, thermal conductivity, and flame ionization, are used to detect the eluted compounds. GC is widely used in various fields, including forensic science, dairy analysis, and chemical engineering.

What are the main extraction techniques used in toxicology?4 answersThe main extraction techniques used in toxicology include solid-based microextraction methods such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME), microextraction by packed sorbent, and stir-bar sorptive extraction, as well as liquid-based microextraction methods such as single drop/hollow fiber-based liquid-phase microextraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Other techniques mentioned in the abstracts include on-line solid-phase extraction, turbulent flow chromatography, on-line desorption of dried blood spots, and headspace extraction. These techniques aim to remove interferences from biological samples, reduce matrix effects, and concentrate target analytes. Recent developments in extraction techniques include solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME). The advantages and disadvantages of different extraction techniques are discussed, taking into account factors such as selectivity, sensitivity, and automation. Overall, microextraction techniques, including DLLME, have shown promise in forensic toxicology due to their simplicity, speed, and high enrichment factors.

What is the phase diagram of chloroform?5 answersThe phase diagram of chloroform (CHCl3) is not mentioned in any of the provided abstracts.

Phenol-chloroform method principle and method?4 answersThe phenol-chloroform method is a commonly used technique in molecular biology for DNA extraction. It involves the separation of DNA, RNA, and proteins in a sample based on their differential solubilities in different immiscible liquids. This method allows for the recovery of high molecular weight DNA with minimal loss of low molecular weight double-stranded DNA. It can be used to extract DNA from various sources, including blood cells, tissues, bacteriophages, and fungal pathogens. The phenol-chloroform method is laborious and time-consuming compared to other DNA extraction methods, such as column-based isolation. However, it is effective in obtaining unfragmented genomic DNA, which is essential for downstream molecular genetics applications like DNA sequencing and Southern blotting.

In transduction experiment, what is the use of Chloroform?4 answersChloroform is used in transduction experiments for different purposes. In one study, it was used as a model chlorocarbon system to investigate the thermal decomposition processes of chlorocarbons in pyrolytic reaction environments. Another study used chloroform to examine its effect on mitochondrial respiration and to determine if it causes redox slip during mitochondrial electron transport. Additionally, chloroform was used in a sensor design to detect its vapors. The sensor was based on a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) transduction layer and plasmonic nanostructures, and it showed good sensitivity and selectivity towards chloroform vapors. In sediment trap experiments, chloroform was added to study its effect on organic matter degradation and the behavior of aquatic organisms. It was found that chloroform suppressed microbial degradation and led to the death of certain organisms. Overall, chloroform is used in transduction experiments to investigate various aspects related to its decomposition, respiratory effects, sensing capabilities, and ecological impacts.

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