What are the Advances in HER2-Targeted Treatment for Advanced/Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma?5 answersAdvances in HER2-targeted treatment for advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) include the emergence of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) like RC48-ADC and other novel therapies. Studies have shown that anti-HER2 ADCs, such as RC48, demonstrate efficacy in HER2-positive metastatic UC, with promising outcomes in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rates (ORR). Additionally, research highlights the potential of HER2-targeted therapies, including ADCs, as a novel approach for treating advanced UC, especially in cases where traditional treatments have failed. The development and testing of ADCs targeting HER2, along with other molecular pathways implicated in UC, signify a significant shift towards more personalized and effective treatments for advanced UC.
What are the different treatment options for patients with carcinoma of the breast?5 answersTreatment options for patients with carcinoma of the breast include radiotherapy, chemical therapy, surgery, hormonal therapy, immunological therapy, targeted therapy, and genetic therapy. Radiotherapy is used to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors. Chemical therapy is commonly recommended for higher-risk patients. Hormonal therapy, such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors, is usually recommended for patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Immunological therapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, can be used as targeted therapy for breast cancer. Targeted therapy options for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer include trastuzumab, pertuzumab, lapatinib, and T-DM1. Surgery, such as lumpectomy or mastectomy, is performed based on the stage and type of tumor. These various treatment options aim to manage breast malignancy and improve patient outcomes.
How can breast cancer be treated?5 answersBreast cancer can be treated through a combination of different therapies. Local treatments include surgery, such as breast surgery and axillary lymph node surgery, as well as radiation therapy. Systemic treatments, on the other hand, involve the use of drugs and include chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Radiation therapy plays a crucial role in managing both aggressive and non-aggressive breast tumors. Chemotherapy is generally recommended for higher-risk patients, while endocrine treatment is commonly used for those with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Immunotherapy, including the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, is also utilized as targeted therapy for breast tumors. Additionally, the choice of treatment depends on various factors such as tumor stage, menopausal status, and hormone receptor status. Treatment strategies may include neoadjuvant therapy before surgery or adjuvant therapy after surgery, which can involve chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy.
What is the treatment for lung metastases from breast cancer?5 answersTreatment for lung metastases from breast cancer includes various approaches. One common method is computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA), which has shown good efficacy and safety. Another approach involves the use of Sarah Nanoparticles (SaNPs) for selective delivery of thermal energy to malignant cells, resulting in reduced lung metastases and improved survival rates. Additionally, lung metastasis resection can be considered for patients with isolated, completely resectable pulmonary nodules and definite functional operability, leading to improved long-term survival. Local therapy, such as surgery and/or radiotherapy, is often recommended depending on the number and volume of brain metastases, patient's clinical status, and prognosis. Pulmonary metastasectomy, a relatively easy operation, can also be performed for breast cancer patients with solitary pulmonary nodules, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of 46%.
Can Stage 2 breast cancer become metastatic?10 answers
Which type of cancer therapy is best for treating metastatic cancer?10 answers