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What is the typical efficiency of a hydrogen gas turbine? 

Steam reforming
Natural gas
Combustor
Hydrogen fuel enhancement
Thermodynamic cycle
Best insight from top research papers

The typical efficiency of hydrogen gas turbines varies significantly depending on the specific technology and configuration used. For instance, a thermodynamic model integrating combustion chemical kinetics into a gas turbine system showed that the system's performance and emissions are highly influenced by the addition of hydrogen, with isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and compressor playing a crucial role in overall system performance. However, an exact efficiency figure is not provided in this context . In contrast, a redesigned Brayton cycle fueled with humidified ammonia/hydrogen blends achieved efficiencies up to 43.3% , indicating the potential for higher efficiency in systems optimized for hydrogen use. A proposed high-efficiency power cycle using hydrogen as a working fluid in a regenerative closed Brayton cycle suggested that about 90 percent of the high-temperature heat input could be converted to electricity , although this is more indicative of the cycle's thermal efficiency rather than the gas turbine's electrical efficiency. Meanwhile, a combined cycle power plant (CCPP) analysis showed that hydrogen-rich fuel could lead to varying CO2 emission reductions and efficiency changes, depending on the hydrogen content and production method, but again, specific efficiency figures for the gas turbine component were not detailed . Life cycle analysis of greenhouse gas and NOx emissions from power regenerated through hydrogen-fueled gas turbines highlighted the importance of renewable power sources, net CCGT efficiency, and hydrogen production efficiency on the environmental impact, but specific efficiency metrics were not directly addressed . Micro gas turbines (MGTs) redeveloped for methane/hydrogen blended fuel demonstrated the capability for stable operation with minimal greenhouse gas production, yet efficiency figures were not explicitly mentioned . Research into gas turbine power systems operating on pure hydrogen or hydrogen-natural gas mixtures emphasized the challenges and potential efficiency improvements but did not provide a generalized efficiency figure . A novel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)/gas turbine (GT) hybrid cycle system with CO2 capture was analyzed, showing an efficiency of around 64.13% , which is significantly higher than traditional systems but is specific to this hybrid configuration. Combustion characterization in a non-premixed gas turbine burner indicated that hydrogen blending could increase peak temperatures and potentially affect efficiency, though specific efficiency outcomes were not quantified . Lastly, a novel plant design based on reversible solid oxide cells and integrated with various energy systems showed a hydrogen production efficiency of about 39%, with the total plant efficiency reaching about 47% when accounting for heat, cool, and freshwater production . In summary, while specific efficiency figures for hydrogen gas turbines are not uniformly detailed across these contexts, the data suggests that efficiencies can range significantly based on the system design, hydrogen blending levels, and integration with other technologies, with some configurations achieving efficiencies above 60% .

Answers from top 9 papers

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Papers (9)Insight
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Combustion Characterization in a Diffusive Gas Turbine Burner for Hydrogen-Compliant Applications
S. Carusotto, Prashant Goel, Mirko Baratta, Daniela Anna Misul, Simone Salvadori, Francesco Cardile, Luca Dal Forno, Marco Toppino, Massimo Valsania 
03 Jun 2022-Energies
1 Citations
Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Power to Hydrogen Through Polygeneration Systems Based on Solid Oxide Cell Systems
Marvin M. Rokni
16 Dec 2019-Energies
6 Citations
Not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI
Study on a novel solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid cycle system with CO2 capture
Liqiang Duan, Yongping Yang, Binbin He, Gang Xu 
01 Feb 2012-International Journal of Energy Research
16 Citations
The efficiency of a novel SOFC/GT hybrid cycle system with CO2 capture is around 64.13%, surpassing other quasi-zero CO2 emission power systems.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Improving Ecological Efficiency of Gas Turbine Power System by Combusting Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Natural Gas Mixtures
Serhiy Serbin, Mykola Radchenko, Anatoliy Pavlenko, Kateryna Burunsuz, Andrii Radchenko, Dai Jang Chen 
22 Apr 2023-Energies
The efficiency of a hydrogen gas turbine can be improved by combusting mixtures of natural gas with hydrogen, with a recommended hydrogen content not exceeding 20% for optimal performance.
Peer Review•DOI
A Hydrogen-Fueled Micro Gas Turbine Unit for Carbon-Free Heat and Power Generation
Reyhaneh Banihabib, Mohsen Assadi 
16 Oct 2022-Sustainability
5 Citations
The efficiency of a hydrogen-fueled micro gas turbine unit for carbon-free heat and power generation can vary, but it offers high efficiency due to its ability to run with pure hydrogen.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Prediction of Novel Humified Gas Turbine Cycle Parameters for Ammonia/Hydrogen Fuels
Milana Guteša Božo, Agustin Valera-Medina 
01 Nov 2020-Energies
7 Citations
The efficiency of a gas turbine using humidified ammonia/hydrogen blends can reach up to 43.3%, surpassing previous predictions for standard gas turbine cycles with ammonia/hydrogen fuels.
Journal Article•DOI
A High-Efficiency Power Cycle in Which Hydrogen Is Compressed by Absorption in Metal Hydrides
J. R. Powell, F. J. Salzano, W.S. Yu, J. S. Milau 
23 Jul 1976-Science
12 Citations
The typical efficiency of a hydrogen gas turbine in the proposed power cycle is about 90%, with 3 kilowatts of low-temperature heat required per kilowatt of electrical output.
Journal Article•DOI
Hydrogen-rich gas as a fuel for the gas turbines: A pathway to lower CO2 emission
Dmitry Pashchenko
01 Mar 2023-Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
5 Citations
The efficiency of a hydrogen gas turbine varies based on hydrogen content. Transitioning to 75% hydrogen-rich fuel can reduce CO2 emissions by 51.1% in combined cycle power plants.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Thermodynamic and Emission Analysis of a Hydrogen/Methane Fueled Gas Turbine
Brent B. Skabelund, Cody Jenkins, E. B. Stechel, Ryan J. Milcarek 
01 May 2023-Energy Conversion And Management: X
The efficiency of a hydrogen gas turbine varies based on factors like turbine inlet temperature and hydrogen content, with isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and compressor being crucial.

Related Questions

How hydrogen is used in energy and power generation?5 answersHydrogen is used in energy and power generation as a clean and energy-efficient fuel. It can be obtained through the electrolysis of water or digestion of hydrocarbons. Hydrogen is already being used in refineries, but its usage for power generation has not been extensively analyzed. Hydrogen can play a major role as an energy-efficient fuel in gas turbines. Different methods of hydrogen production, such as methanol to hydrogen, photolytic water technology, and microbial hydrogen production, have been explored. Hydrogen power generation can be achieved through technologies like PEMFC, which is the most commonly used experimental product for grid-connected power generation. To realize low-carbon hydrogen energy systems, reducing CO2 emissions during the production of hydrogen and its energy carriers is crucial. Hydrogen also has applications in various sectors, including the processing and upgrading of hydrocarbon fuels, fuel cells, platform chemicals synthesis, pharmaceuticals, aerospace, maritime uses, metallurgy, and electronics. A hydrogen power generation system has been developed, which utilizes hydrogen energy efficiently and improves working efficiency.
What are the most important factors affecting the efficiency of a hydrogen compressor?5 answersThe efficiency of a hydrogen compressor is affected by several factors. One important factor is the local dehydration of the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), which can lead to an increase in the membrane resistance and a decrease in overall efficiency. The humidity of the feed gas also plays a role, as it affects the water transport across the membrane and can result in heterogeneities in the distribution of electric resistances. Other factors that impact efficiency include the temperature, membrane thickness, discharge pressure, and stoichiometric ratio. Additionally, the pressure gradient and temperature can affect hydrogen permeation across the membrane, with higher temperatures leading to higher permeation rates. It is also important to consider the overpotentials that affect the electrochemical compression process, such as diffusion voltage, membrane voltage, activation overpotential, and contact overpotential.
What are the most efficient ways to produce hydrogen?4 answersThe most efficient ways to produce hydrogen include integrating electrolytic water splitting with thermochemical methane steam reforming (MSR) and employing a Rankine Cycle (RC) for balancing electricity and heat for water electrolysis. Green electrolysis and steam methane reforming (SMR) are also considered viable options for hydrogen production. Another efficient method is a hybrid system that combines parabolic trough collectors, reverse osmosis (RO) desalination, and a thermochemical water decomposition unit with heat dissipation system by cooling towers. Water-splitting integrated with renewable energy sources is environmentally benign but expensive. Additionally, a stable solar-driven water splitting system using a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer connected to a bifacial silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar module has shown high efficiency in producing hydrogen.
What are the benefits of using nuclear energy to store the efficiency of hydrogen production?4 answersNuclear energy offers several benefits for efficient hydrogen production. Firstly, it allows for large-scale generation of hydrogen, which is important for meeting the growing demand for this energy carrier. Additionally, nuclear hydrogen production does not rely on imported fossil fuels, reducing dependence on foreign governments and ensuring domestic control over energy sources. Furthermore, nuclear hydrogen production results in lower greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants compared to conventional methods, contributing to a more sustainable energy future. The use of advanced high-temperature nuclear reactors as the primary energy source for hydrogen production also enables high efficiency in the thermochemical water-splitting process, which can be cost-effective and commercially viable. Overall, nuclear energy provides a promising solution for large-scale, efficient, and environmentally attractive hydrogen production.
What are the conclusions of the study of a gas turbine?5 answersThe conclusions of the study on gas turbines are as follows: The performance of gas turbines is affected by factors such as ambient temperature, airflow density, and mass at the compressor inlet. Cooling the air at the compressor inlet can prevent a reduction in power and an increase in specific fuel consumption. Damper design is crucial for achieving efficient damping and minimizing vibratory stress in gas turbine rotor systems. The compression ratio in gas turbine installations influences the operation efficiency, effective power, and specific fuel consumption. The selection of part of the air for cooling high-temperature surfaces also affects these parameters. Gas turbines are evolving towards cleaner fuel and higher efficiency, with a focus on developing ceramic materials to replace metal materials and improve temperature resistance. A model and program have been developed to predict unknown performance parameters of single shaft gas turbines, using available design point parameters provided by manufacturers.
Why efficiency can affects the hydrogen storage system?3 answersEfficiency is an important factor in hydrogen storage systems because it directly impacts the cost and feasibility of the technology. Several papers highlight the low energy efficiency of current hydrogen storage systems, with losses ranging from 60 to 85%. These losses occur during the conversion and storage processes, resulting in a significant decrease in the amount of electricity that can be stored as hydrogen. The high energy losses contribute to the high cost per unit of energy in hydrogen storage systems. However, despite these challenges, hydrogen storage remains of interest due to the lack of alternatives for long-term storage of electricity in power systems. Additionally, the efficiency of hydrogen production is closely related to the optimal scheduling strategy and economy of the wind-hydrogen coupling system. Therefore, improving the efficiency of hydrogen storage systems is crucial for their commercial viability and widespread adoption.

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