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Why the nano indentation why this scale? 


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Nanoindentation is crucial at the nano-scale due to the significant material size-effect, where conventional scaling relationships fail to accurately depict phenomena in nanoindentation experiments . This technique allows for the study of mechanical properties of thin films on substrates with high resolution even at low load scales, providing continuous records of load variation with penetration depth . Moreover, nanoindentation helps in characterizing materials with high heterogeneity, like soil, by enabling the determination of morphology at a selected scale of observation through techniques like Grid Indentation . The nano and micro-indentation processes reveal unique properties such as intermittent plastic deformation, stress-induced crystallization, and the indentation size effect, showcasing the importance of nanoindentation in understanding material behavior at small length scales .

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Nanoindentation is utilized on varved clay due to its high heterogeneity. The Grid Indentation Technique allows for morphology determination at a selected scale, providing detailed mechanical property insights.
Nanoindentation is preferred for thin films to eliminate substrate effects. It assesses nanomechanical properties effectively at the nanoscale, crucial for coatings, using depth sensing based on Oliver and Pharr modeling.
Nano-indentation is crucial due to size-dependent properties like intermittent flow, displacement bursts, and the indentation size effect, which differ from bulk materials, making nano-scale deformation behavior unique.
Nanoindentation at this scale is influenced by material size-effect, intrinsic length, yield stress, and work-hardening exponent, as revealed by investigating cross-scale indentation scaling relationships in elastic-plastic solids.
Nano-indentation is preferred for thin polymeric films due to its high resolution at low loads, enabling precise characterization of mechanical properties like hardness and Young’s modulus at nanoscale.

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