Showing papers on "Air pollutant concentrations published in 1974"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe two methods for estimating VEHICULAR HYDROCARBONS in an AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE and demonstrate the feasibility of using an AMIOSPHE for source contribution.
Abstract: AIR SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT SITES IN LOS ANGELES AND NEW YORK TO EVALUATE COMPOSITIONAL DETAIL OF THE HYDROCARBONS AND OXIDES OF NITROGEN. THE COMPOSITIONAL DETAILS PROVIDE A WEALTH OF INFORMATION ALLOWING FOR THE ESTIMATION OF SOURCE CONTRIBUTION AND PHOTOCHEMICAL POTENTIAL OF AN AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE. THE NEED TO INVENTORY AN AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE FOR SOURCE CONTRIBUTION IS IMPORTANT FOR EVALUATING CONTROL STRATEGY REQUIRED TO MEET AIR QUALITY STANDARDS. THE MANUSCRIPT DESCRIBES TWO METHODS FOR ESTIMATING VEHICULAR HYDROCARBONS IN AN AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE.
111 citations
TL;DR: Fine participates are the subject of increasing concern as one of the major air pollutants that contribute to smog formation and may act synergistically with other pollutants.
Abstract: Fine participates are the subject of increasing concern as one of the major air pollutants. They contribute to smog formation. They are a health hazard because they bypass the respiratory filters and penetrate deep into the lungs, and because they may act synergistically with other pollutants. The sources of submicron particle size pollutants are discussed.
14 citations
01 Oct 1974
14 citations
Journal Article•
8 citations
TL;DR: Oxidant air pollution injury to tobacco leaves was used as a monitoring system for demonstrating air pollution within a suburban community and the air pollution levels correlated visually with vehicular traffic patterns in the community.
5 citations
01 Feb 1974
3 citations
TL;DR: A series of computer models developed under contract to and modified by EPA to support the development or modification of SIPs may permit meeting of standards at a savings of capital expenditures, operating and maintenance costs, and scarce clean fuels.
2 citations
01 Jan 1974
17 Nov 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized regulations from 80 countries covering air pollution emissions from gas turbines, including emission and ground level concentration standards for particulates, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, visible emissions, and carbon monoxide.
Abstract: This paper summarizes regulations from 80 countries covering air pollution emissions from gas turbines. The paper includes emission and ground level concentration standards for particulates, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, visible emissions, and carbon monoxide.Copyright © 1974 by ASME
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors calculated the total emissions of air pollutants in Austria in 1974 and compared these emissions to the U.S. emissions in 1968 and assumed comparable situations and a linear cost-emission relation.
Abstract: Using recently published emission factors and the official Austrian consumption data the total emissions of air pollutants in Austria in 1974 are calculated. Comparing these emissions to the U.S. emissions in 1968 and assuming comparable situations and a linear cost-emission relation, Austrian cost of air pollution damage figures are derived from the estimated U.S. figures.
TL;DR: In this paper, a linear dependence on estimated future emissions was used to estimate future automotive emissions and the sensitivity of the projections to several input parameters was determined, including uncertainty in projection of air quality due to the use of a maximum, once-per-year concentration.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with uncertainties involved in projecting ambient air quality. Ambient air quality was projected by assuming a linear dependence on estimated future emissions. Future automotive emissions were estimated by a method recommended by EPA. Projections were made for the locations reported to have the highest ambient air concentrations of each pollutant; Chicago for carbon monoxide and the California South Coast Air Basin for hydrocarbon and oxidant. The sensitivity of the projections to several input parameters was determined. The uncertainty in projection of air quality due to the use of a maximum, once-per-year concentration is large. For example, the reduction in total CO emissions in Chicago in 1975, necessary to meet the air quality standard, was as high as 68% or as low as 26%, depending on whether the historic high, 8 hr average concentration of 44 ppm or the 1970 maximum of 21 ppm was used. The effects of uncertainties in growth rates and fraction of emissions attributed to the a...
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: It should not be a surprise to anyone that the automobile is a primary source of the air pollutants Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC), and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), but the search for viable solutions to this complex problem is widely publicized, if still hesitant and speculative in nature.
Abstract: It should not be a surprise to anyone that the automobile is a primary source of the air pollutants Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC), and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). The severity of the issue is well documented, and the search for viable solutions to this complex problem is widely publicized, if still hesitant and speculative in nature.The use of computer models for the analysis of air pollution problems, although widespread and increasing, is constrained by a problem of scale. HC and NOx display their most severe impact on a metropolitan-wide scale, where their presence contributes to the formation of photo-chemical smog. CO, on the other hand, is a local pollutant whose most adverse effects are felt relatively close to its source. This disparity in scale implies that different modeling techniques should be used for the two classes of pollutants. While a macro-scale is appropriate for HC and NOx, a micro- or meso-scale is correct for CO. Also, while a small-scale model of CO concentrations can be used to predict the HC and Nox contributions of a small area to the metropolitan area, a large scale HC/NOx model cannot easily be used to predict local CO concentrations.