Showing papers on "Arc welding published in 1969"
Patent•
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05 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a high current capacity arc welding gun for gas-shielded, continuous feed, consumable electrode arc welding processes is presented, which includes: a unique handle cooled by convection air flow; an improved head assembly having a unique electrical insulating ion impervious shield for preventing destructive arcing to the gas nozzle, an improved shielding gas flow path through the head assembly which additionally cooperates with the ion-resistant shield to prevent gas nozzle arcing, a unique current contact tip which attaches to head assembly by a novel curved wedge clamping concept and which is produced
Abstract: A high current capacity arc welding gun for gas-shielded, continuous feed, consumable electrode arc welding processes. Features include: a unique handle cooled by convection air flow; an improved head assembly having a unique electrical insulating ion impervious shield for preventing destructive arcing to the gas nozzle, an improved shielding gas flow path through the head assembly which additionally cooperates with the ion impervious shield to prevent gas nozzle arcing, a unique current contact tip which attaches to the head assembly by a novel curved wedge clamping concept and which is produced by an improved, versatile, and inexpensive method of manufacture that increases the copper density and refines the grain structure in the current contact tip for greater life; an improved gooseneck lining for longer life and reduced friction; a heat protected control switch assembly of rugged construction and unique trigger operation; and an improved welding cable connection assembly.
129 citations
Patent•
24 Nov 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, an arc welding process for stainless steel and a flux-cored electrode particularly useful for welding was described, and means for limiting the moisture content of the electrode as applied to the workpiece were provided.
Abstract: There is disclosed an arc welding process for stainless steel and a flux-cored electrode particularly useful therein. In one embodiment, means are provided for limiting the moisture content of the electrode as applied to the workpiece. In another embodiment the electrode is formulated of components having relatively low moisture absorptivity.
55 citations
Patent•
17 Apr 1969
TL;DR: An electrode wire advance for arc welding utilizes an electrode wire supplied through a flexible hose and acted upon by two drives as discussed by the authors, one wire drive pushes or unwinds the wire and is connected thereto by a coupling.
Abstract: An electrode wire advance for arc welding utilizes an electrode wire supplied through a flexible hose and acted upon by two drives. One wire drive pushes or unwinds the wire and is connected thereto by a coupling. The other wire drive pulls the wire from its hose and pushes it to the torch.
26 citations
Patent•
13 Nov 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the welding gun is enclosed within coaxially disposed tubular sections such that the electrode wire may be surrounded by either one or two annular gas streams under pressure which serve to shield it effectively from the surrounding water.
Abstract: According to the method of this invention water is kept away from the arc in underwater arc welding by means of a gas under a pressure greater than that of the water and, preferably, the wire-feeding unit, welding gun, and electrode wire of the gas shielded, metal arc-welding apparatus to be used under water are enclosed in airtight and watertight containers. The air connecting conduits and tubing carrying the electrode wire and shielding gas are similarly enclosed in airtight and watertight conduits. The containers and conduits are then internally pressurized with a shield gas to prevent the entry of water. The welding gun nozzle is enclosed within coaxially disposed tubular sections such that the electrode wire may be surrounded by either one or two annular gas streams under pressure which serve to shield it effectively from the surrounding water. Welding then takes place in a pocket of shielding gas to permit underwater welds of a quality previously obtainable only in atmospheric conditions.
23 citations
Patent•
24 Oct 1969TL;DR: In this paper, a drop transfer type with a small diameter electrode which changes its dynamic characteristics when the drop short circuits the electrode to the weld pool is described. But the drop is not considered in this paper.
Abstract: Electric power supply for arc welding of the drop transfer type with a small diameter electrode which changes its dynamic characteristics when the drop short circuits the electrode to the weld pool. The supply is a DC power source having a short circuit current rate of rise greater than 100,000 amperes per second in series with an inductive choke which substantially reduces the rate of rise. Two circuits, each including a generally low resistance and/or low inductance and each including an appropriately polarized diode, are each in electrical parallel with the inductive choke. One circuit functions to increase the short circuit current rate of rise when the drop contacts the weld pool and the current starts to rise. The other absorbs the inductive energy in the choke when the short is broken and the current starts to decrease.
23 citations
Patent•
18 Dec 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a fusion welding method for steel exceeding 0.4 percent carbon content where all such steel in the article which is integral with the weld surfaces is heated above the upper transformation temperature is presented.
Abstract: A fusion welding method for steel exceeding 0.4 percent carbon content where all such steel in the article which is integral with the weld surfaces is heated above the upper transformation temperature resulting in a superior weld and a sound article absent localized areas of martensite and other detrimental characteristics. Preheating, simultaneous heating, and/or post heating is employed and when an article is preheated, surfaces to be welded are maintained relatively cold to minimize oxidation. Surfaces to be welded are freshly exposed immediately prior to welding and in an extremely rapid sequence of operations and when preheating is employed; surface exposure, preheating and welding steps are carried out in rapid sequence to minimize oxidation. Surfaces are provided with V-shaped configurations novel to resistance upset butt welding.
19 citations
Patent•
24 Feb 1969TL;DR: A consumable composite electrode of infinite length for use in an automatic arc-welding of steel without shielding gas and the like shielding means comprising a steel sheath and a powdery mixture filled within the sheath as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A consumable composite electrode of infinite length for use in an automatic arc-welding of steel without shielding gas and the like shielding means comprising a steel sheath and a powdery mixture filled within the sheath and having a specific composition which contributes to the arc-welding of the steel workpiece
19 citations
Patent•
28 Jul 1969TL;DR: In this article, the proportion of titanium and niobium in the welding rod is determined by estimating the total quantity of carbon in the weld metal, the quantities of carbon, titanium and Niobium lost by oxidation during welding and the variations in the quantity of titanium in the Weld metal resulting from the welding process.
Abstract: The consumable welding rods contain titanium and niobium in amounts such that a weld formed by melting the rod contains titanium niobium in an amount corresponding to the expression 2Ti+ Nb (6-14)C wherein Ti, Nb and C are the proportion of titanium, niobium and carbon in said weld metal. The proportion of titanium and niobium in the welding rod is determined by estimating the total quantity of carbon in the weld metal, the quantities of carbon, titanium and niobium lost by oxidation during welding and the variations in the quantities of titanium and niobium in the weld metal resulting from the welding process.
18 citations
Patent•
[...]
TL;DR: In automatic arc welding systems, the arc length and position are maintained by sensing means that sense preselected spaced areas along the arc path preferably near its extremities and means responsive to one of the sensing means failure to sense the presence of the arc appropriately alters one or more of arc parameters to restore it to the view of the sensor as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In automatic arc welding systems where a consumable electrode wire is continuously fed to a weld zone through a holder, the holder serving to provide an electric current path to the weld electrode, the arc length and position is maintained by sensing means that sense preselected spaced areas along the arc path preferably near its extremities and means responsive to one of the sensing means failure to sense the presence of the arc appropriately alters one or more of the arc parameters to restore it to the view of the sensor.
18 citations
Patent•
09 May 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a tungsten cathode-type arcing electrode, a workpiece, and a continuously fed hot wire electrode in electrical contact with the workpiece for depositing metal at the arc-heated area was described.
Abstract: Arc-working apparatus with multiple current-carrying electrodes including in one embodiment a tungsten cathode-type arcing electrode, a workpiece, and a continuously fed hot wire electrode in electrical contact with the workpiece for depositing metal at the arc-heated area. Time-spaced current pulses for melting the contacting tip of the hot wire electrode alternate with timespaced pulses of the arcing current for avoiding interaction of the respective pulsing magnetic fields and arc interference; in other embodiments more than two arcing electrodes and a common workpiece arc connected to current time-sharing circuits for avoiding magnetic field interaction and arc interference.
18 citations
Patent•
30 Dec 1969TL;DR: A method and apparatus for plasma arc welding in which an electrically conductive or nonconductive filler wire is fed axially into the plasma arc is described in this article, where the wire is either filled with a non-conductive or a conductive material.
Abstract: A method and apparatus for plasma arc welding in which an electrically conductive or nonconductive filler wire is fed axially into the plasma arc.
Patent•
23 May 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a gas arc welding torch with anodized aluminum was used to prevent the sticking of weld spatter to these parts, and the contact tube was made of anodised aluminum to prevent welding spatter.
Abstract: A gas arc welding torch in which the nozzle is made of anodized aluminum and the contact tube is clad with anodized aluminum to prevent the sticking of weld spatter to these parts
Patent•
26 Mar 1969
TL;DR: An electroslag welding nozzle has a guide opening toward the middle and wing bars extending out at different sides, the nozzle being enrobed with an adhering coating of electroslag welding flux as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An electroslag welding nozzle having a guide opening toward the middle and wing bars extending out at different sides, the nozzle being enrobed with an adhering coating of electroslag welding flux. In the electroslag welding process the nozzle is stationary and greatly increases the thickness of permissible vertical welds which can be made with a single electrode without horizontal oscillation.
Patent•
01 Apr 1969TL;DR: In this paper, an automatic arc welding method characterized by using an AC power source having a slowly falling characteristic close to a constant voltage characteristic, selecting the arc voltage and welding current so that the mode of transfer of molten metal from an electrode wire to a base metal becomes pure spray-type one or spray type one accompanied by periodic short circuit, and automatically feeding said electrode wire, thereby depositing the molten metal of said wire onto said base metal.
Abstract: An automatic arc welding method characterized by using an AC power source having a slowly falling characteristic close to a constant voltage characteristic, selecting the arc voltage and welding current so that the mode of transfer of molten metal from an electrode wire to a base metal becomes pure spray-type one or spray-type one accompanied by periodic short circuit, and automatically feeding said electrode wire, thereby depositing the molten metal of said wire onto said base metal.
Patent•
15 Aug 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a covered ferrous low hydrogen arc welding electrode of the class wherein a current conductive core is covered with a limefluoride coating, the electrode containing by weight about 45 percent to about 80 percent core and about 20 percent to approximately 55 percent coating.
Abstract: A covered ferrous low hydrogen arc welding electrode of the class wherein a current conductive core is covered with a limefluoride coating, the electrode containing by weight about 45 percent to about 80 percent core and about 20 percent to about 55 percent coating, the coating containing by weight of the electrode 0 to about 30 percent alloying metal powder, about 2 percent to about 7 percent deoxidizer metal powder, about 4 percent to about 15 percent metal fluoride, about 5 percent to about 15 percent alkaline earth carbonate, 0 to about 10 percent slag builder and modifier and about 0.5 percent to about 8 percent inorganic binder material, the electrode producing a nonaustenitic steel weld metal deposit characterized by superior toughness in the Charpy V-notch impact test, the electrode containing base components selected from metallic and oxide forms of basic metals of the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium and acid components selected from metallic and oxide forms of acid metals of the group consisting of aluminum and silicon, said base components and acid components being so proportioned that when all components are melted together under the influence of an electric welding arc the electrode produces a welding slag with a basicity or mole ratio of oxide of basic metal to oxide of acid metal of at least 2.2, the electrode being restricted in sources of metallic and oxide forms of titanium so that when all components are melted together under the influence of an electric welding arc the electrode produces a weld metal deposit containing less than 0.07 percent titanium.
Patent•
25 Apr 1969
TL;DR: The physical housing of an arc welding transformer-rectifier unit having a feedback control system for controlling the slope, the output inductance and the output voltage is described in this paper, where the control system includes separate printed circuit cards for each control function interconnected into a master printed circuit board.
Abstract: The physical housing of an arc welding transformer-rectifier unit having a feedback control system for controlling the slope, the output inductance and the output voltage. The control system includes separate printed circuit cards for each control function interconnected into a master printed circuit board. The control system is mounted within a housing immediately behind a removable control box having individual control elements for each card. The box is releasably connected to the cards through a cable connected to the master board.
Patent•
30 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus for electric arc welding of two spaced plates forming a horizontal weld groove is described, which comprises a U-shaped trough which is beneath the weld groove, which extends from one plate to another and contains a granular refractory material in position to contact the plates along the welding groove, elastic and compressible cushions being interposed between the said granular material and respectively both lateral arms of the Ushaped trough and contacting elastically both plates along these arms.
Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for electric arc welding of two spaced plates forming a horizontal weld groove. The apparatus comprises a U-shaped trough which is beneath the weld groove, which extends from one plate to another and which contains a granular refractory material in position to contact the plates along the welding groove, elastic and compressible cushions being interposed between the said granular material and respectively both lateral arms of the U-shaped trough and contacting elastically both plates along these arms, another elastic and compressible cushion being further interposed and elastically compressed between the said granular material and the base of the said U-shaped trough.
Patent•
03 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In short circuit transfer arc welding, from among the arc voltages generated during each arcing period, those portions irregularly generated are eliminated and, subsequently, only those voltages corresponding to the arcing time are detected as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In short circuit transfer arc welding, from among the arc voltages generated during each arcing period, those portions irregularly generated are eliminated and, subsequently, only those voltages corresponding to the arcing time are detected and, further depending upon the detected voltage, the motor for feeding the welding electrode is driven so as to feed the welding electrode that an adequate speed so as to enable the welding work to provide a uniform and acceptable final weld through the entire welding operation.
Patent•
31 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a drive-dog mechanical arrangement incorporating a contact pin revolves the workpiece roller under an arc welding apparatus, to which wire is fed, to deposit the metal for reconstruction.
Abstract: A system for rebuilding worn tractor rollers is disclosed. The rollers are rebuilt without disassembly by applying weld metal while circulating a fluid coolant through the lubricating passages by means of a fluid injection system that utilizes a resiliently deformable pressure-controlled seal. A drive-dog mechanical arrangement incorporating a contact pin revolves the workpiece roller under an arc welding apparatus to which wire is fed, to deposit the metal for reconstruction. The arc welding apparatus is adjustable to accommodate deposition on the cylindrical portion of the roller as well as the flanges, and therefore may be moved through substantially a 90* angle. Granular flux is supplied to the arc, to accomplish submerged-arc welding. The flux is delivered by a vibrating trough and caught by a collector for reuse.
01 Nov 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of speed and acceleration on the HARDNESS of the FUSED METAL zone in a low-alloy steel and found that the hardness range was roughly the same for a FIXED HEAT INPUT, regardless of the TRAVEL SPEED USED.
Abstract: RELATIONSHIPS HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED BETWEEN THE ARC WELDING PARAMETERS AND THE WELD SIZE AND COOLING RATE FOR THE CONTINUOUS-ELECTRODE PROCESSES OVER A WIDE RANGE OF TRAVEL SPEEDS. THE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF THE FUSED METAL IS RELATED TO THE PRODUCT OF THE EFFECTIVE HEAT AND THE CUBE ROOT OF THE TRAVEL SPEED; THE COOLING RATE IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE HEAT INPUT, AS PREDICTED BY CLASSICAL HEAT FLOW THEORY. THE EFFECT OF TRAVEL SPEED AND INDENTATION LOAD ON THE MEASURED HARDNESS IN THE HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE OF A LOW-ALLOY STEEL HAS ALSO BEEN INVESTIGATED. THE HARDNESS RANGE WAS FOUND TO BE APPROXIMATELY THE SAME FOR A FIXED HEAT INPUT, REGARDLESS OF THE TRAVEL SPEED USED. THE USE OF LOW INDENTATION LOADS PRODUCED A WIDE RANGE OF HARDNESS VALUES, DUE TO THE HETEROGENEOUS CHARACTER OF THE HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE MICROSTRUCTURE. HEAVIER LOADS PRODUCED AVERAGE HARDNESS VALUES, WHICH WOULD BE EXPECTED TO CORRELATE MORE CLOSELY WITH CRACK SENSITIVITY. /AUTHOR/
Patent•
03 Mar 1969
TL;DR: In this article, an electronic method and apparatus for monitoring, controlling and regulating the welding operation in electric welding by determining the absolute frequency of at least one stochastic variable of a welding parameter, determining a reference curve, with respect to quality and economy of the weld, and comparing the actual frequency curve with the desired frequency curve during welding operation.
Abstract: An electronic method and apparatus for monitoring, controlling and regulating the welding operation in electric welding by determining the absolute frequency of at least one stochastic variable of a welding parameter, determining a reference curve of the absolute frequency with respect to quality and economy of the weld, and comparing the actual frequency curve with the desired frequency curve during the welding operation. When deviations are sensed these are signaled and a control intervenes in the welding operation to reduce the deviations. The places on the seam where the deviations occur are marked in a suitable manner.
Patent•
29 May 1969TL;DR: In this article, a magnetic field was applied during the welding process to eliminate the malignant effect of a circular magnetic field around the electrode caused by the welding current and thereby to obtain a uniformly coated surface.
Abstract: In welding for providing a metallic work with hard facing, in which an electric arc is maintained between a consumable tape electrode and said metallic work, the arc being submerged in powder of flux, while the surface of said metallic work is being gradually coated with the molten electrode material; the improvement comprises the application of a magnetic field during the welding process to eliminate the malignant effect of a circular magnetic field around the electrode caused by the welding current and thereby to obtain a uniformly coated surface.
Patent•
16 Jan 1969
TL;DR: A PULSED POWER ARC, WELDING system having background power, is described in this article, where the authors present a set of tools for detecting the current position of the PULSE ARC.
Abstract: A PULSED POWER ARC, WELDING SYSTEM HAVING BACKGROUND POWER MEANS FOR MAINTGAINING A STABLE ARC COMBINED WITH COMPLEMENTARY PULSING POWER MEANS INCLUDING SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIFIER CIRCUITRY FOR CONTROLLING FLOW OF INDIVIDUAL CURRENT PULSES TO THE ARC FOR PULSED SPRAY ARC WELDING, THE PULSING POWER BEING EXCESSIVE FOR INITIAL ARC STARTING ON SHORT CIRCUIT, A SENSOR FOR DETECTING BACKGROUND STARTING CURRENT, AND TIME-DELAY MEANS RESPONSIVE TO THE SENSOR FOR APPLYING ONLY AFTER PREDETERMINED DELAY TRIGGERING BIAS IN ONE OR MORE STAGES TO THE RECTIFIER CIRCUITRY FOR STARTING THE PULSING CURRENT.
Patent•
20 Nov 1969TL;DR: In this paper, the welding wire serving as the electrode is inserted in a generally horizontal direction into the gap and the tip of the wire is made to transverse the gap as it is moved upwardly along the gap to deposit weld metal.
Abstract: A method of welding thick members such as plates in the vertical direction. The gap between the plates is made small, and only the welding wire serving as the electrode is inserted in a generally horizontal direction into the gap. By appropriately controlling the speed of the wire feed means, the tip of the wire is made to transverse the gap as it is moved upwardly along the gap to deposit weld metal in the gap.
Patent•
18 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a transducer is used to analyze an input signal derived from a welding parameter, with respect to its amplitude, duration and occurrence frequency during a preselected period and an error signal is generated to indicate the error or defect at the seam which is welded.
Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling or monitoring electric arc welding processes by analyzing an input signal derived from a welding parameter by means of a transducer. This input signal is analyzed with respect to its amplitude, duration and occurrence frequency during a preselected period and an error signal is generated to indicate the error or defect at the seam which is welded and to drive the welding apparatus toward the correct adjustment.
Patent•
07 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a method of making a butt weld between sheet steel members having a thickness of 0.2 in. or more, comprising the steps of welding the sheet steel member from one side only by the consumable-electrode arc welding process with the aid of a backing strip of steel which is welded on to but not fused through the welding operation, was described.
Abstract: A method of making a butt weld between sheet steel members having a thickness of 0.2 in. or more, comprising the steps of welding the sheet steel members from one side only by the consumable-electrode arc welding process with the aid of a backing strip of steel which is welded on to but not fused through the welding operation, said backing strip having a thickness not less than 0.08 in., and subsequently removing the steel backing strip by a flame machining operation.
Patent•
09 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, an arc-welding power source comprises a housing 3 including at least one component, e.g. transformer 1, reactor 2, or rectifier, which generates heat in use, and at least two compartments 7 in the housing for storing consumable, electrodes and heated by the component by conduction and/or convection in use.
Abstract: 1,157,968. Welding by fusion. BRITISH OXYGEN CO. Ltd. 8 March, 1968 [12 April, 1967], No. 16829/67. Heading B3R. [Also in Division H1] An A.C. or D.C. arc-welding power source comprises a housing 3 including at least one component, e.g. transformer 1, reactor 2, or rectifier, which generates heat in use, and at least one compartment 7 in the housing for storing e.g. consumable, electrodes and heated by the component by conduction and/or convection in use. The compartments 7 may be shorter than the electrodes.
Patent•
06 Oct 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a device for continuous mechanical welding of hollow bodies such as tubes includes a mounting means for one or more welding nozzles, and a plurality of welding wire feed nozzels which may be interchangeably engaged in the mounting means in a position such that they may feed the welding wire directly to the workpiece at a desired angular orientation.
Abstract: A device for the continuous mechanical welding of hollow bodies such as tubes includes a mounting means for one or more welding nozzles, and a plurality of welding wire feed nozzles which may be interchangeably engaged in the mounting means in a position such that they may feed the welding wire directly to the workpiece at a desired angular orientation. Each tubular feed nozzle is associated with a supply of welding wire from a reel supply and means are provided for feeding the welding wire to the associated nozzle. The wire feed nozzles can be used selectively as cold wire or as current nozzles depending on the welding method which is employed.
Patent•
25 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a feedback control system is provided for controlling the firing of the controlled rectifiers in an arc welding supply having a three-phase transformer and a full-wave rectifier.
Abstract: An arc welding supply having a three-phase transformer and a full-wave rectifier including a plurality of controlled rectifiers. A feedback control system is provided for controlling the firing of the controlled rectifiers. The feedback control system includes a first adjustable potentiometer means connected to establish a first output voltage and current and a second adjustable potentiometer means connected in parallel with the first adjustable potentiometer means to establish a different setting for the output characteristic. A relay control circuit energized from the triggers of a pair of torches are connected to selectively insert only one of the potentiometer means into the feedback control system.
Patent•
18 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the sensing end of a potential gradient probe is positioned in the arc envelope, and a signal is developed in the probe that is proportional to the position of the arc with respect to the workpiece.
Abstract: A feedback control system responsive to the ion density in the arc envelope of a welding electrode. The sensing end of a potential gradient probe is positioned in the arc envelope, and a signal is developed in the probe that is proportional to the position of the arc with respect to the workpiece. The induced signal is transmitted to a signal amplifier which responds to signal deviations from a reference signal position of the probe. The output signal from the amplifier controls the degree of field excitation applied to an electrical-welding generator field winding from an exciting source. The amplifier output signal may also be used to control the rate of welding electrode feed as well as the rate of welding head travel. The variable output voltage of the welding generator is connected between the welding electrode and the workpiece to directly control the position of the arc. In this way the output voltage of the welding generator is responsive to the potential gradient of the arc and correctly positions the arc for depositing weld metal on the workpiece.