Showing papers on "Ballistic impact published in 1994"
TL;DR: In this paper, failure modes of Spectra polyethylene fiber-reinforced composites were examined under ballistic impact loading, and they were found to exhibit sequential delamination, cut-out of a plug induced by through-the-thickness shear, and combined modes of shear and tensile failure offibers in the cases of glass and graphite fiber composites.
Abstract: Failure modes of Spectra polyethylene fiber-reinforced composites were examined under ballistic impact loading. Both woven fabric-reinforced laminates and angle-plied unidirectional fiber-reinforced laminates were found to exhibit sequential delamination, cut-out of a plug induced by through-the-thickness shear, and combined modes of shear and tensile failure offibers as obserxed in the cases of glass and graphite fiber composites. At low areal density, both laminates demonstrated similar ballistic limits. However, as areal density increased, differences in ballistic limit became more apparent, with angle-plied composite laminates showing higher values. When subjected to the repeated impact of a constant striking velocity below the ballistic limit, a progressive growth of local delamination was observed until gross failure of composites occurred. The use of lower striking velocity of the projectile led to the increase in cumulative numbers of impacts for full penetration defining an impact fatigue lifetim...
132 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the deformation and failure modes of high-density materials, under high pressure and high strain rate loading environment, are studied via metallographic examinations. And the authors show that the stability of the plastic flow of the penetrator alloy is a key determinant of the penetration capabilities of a projectile.
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a correlation between increased degree of fragmentation and reduced ceramic toughness is established, and a simple model for loading and stress relief during perforation is qualitatively explained.
110 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of temperature rise in a projectile and a polyethylene fiber composite during the impact/penetration process is described, and the effect of temperature increase on the performance of the composite is analyzed.
Abstract: The ultra-high strength/modulus, extended chain polyethylene fiber (Spectra® fiber) composite has shown great potential as a lightweight armor material with its extraordinary capability of absorbing the kinetic energy of projectiles. But the relatively low melting point of this fiber (-145 o C) has caused concerns regarding the effect of temperature rise during the impact/penetration process on the performance as armor material. In this article, an analysis of temperature rise in projectile and the fiber composite during the impact/penetration process is described
46 citations
01 Nov 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, three ARL.SRG secondary hardening armor steels designed using the THERMOCALC thermomechanical database and software system were subjected to ballistic impact.
Abstract: : Three ARL .SRG secondary hardening armor steels designed using the THERMOCALC thermomechanical database and software system were subjected to ballistic impact using U.S. .30 caliber AP M2 and U.S. .50 caliber AP M2 projectiles. Against the .30 caliber projectile, each of the three steel alloys showed ballistic tolerance comparable to AerMet 100 Steel. Against the .50 caliber projectile, the ballistic test plates did not perform as well as AerMet 100. The results of this test series will be the basis for design and evaluation of more prototype armor steels based on secondary hardening.
2 citations
26 Oct 1994
TL;DR: In this article, a quasi-static punch curve is used to describe the mechanics of penetration in thin-section composites, which can capture the mechanical characteristics of penetration and avoid modeling the untractable damage progression in the target.
Abstract: : Ballistic impact of thick-section composites is an extremely complex technical problem. In this research project we have introduced a new approach in using the quasi-static punch curve to describe the mechanics of penetration. Using this punch curve, we are able to capture the mechanical characteristics of penetration and avoid modeling the untractable damage progression in the target during penetration. (MM)
1 citations