Showing papers on "Base load power plant published in 1987"

Compressed gas system and method

Abstract: A system and method of selectively deployed and utilized compressed air energy storage satellite facilities within an electrical power grid network. The satellite facilities are independent of geological formations and provide means for increasing the load carrying capacity of an electrical power system without increasing the size of the baseload electrical power generation facility or of the power transmission lines. A portion of the compressed gas is circulated back through a compressor located in a gas flow circuit, causing turbulent flow in a series of tanks, thus slowing heat energy loss to the environment. A heat exchanger located in the circuit of gas flow cools the gas while it is being stored, thus reducing the work needed to compress a given mass of gas into the tanks. The system and method utilizes low cost electrical energy produced by a baseload facility during non-peak periods and converts such electricity into potential energy in the form of compressed air. The compressed air is deployed in outlying areas, away from the baseload facility, to provide ready electrical energy during peak demand periods from a location closer to the peak electrical demand consumer. The system and method may also be utilized to boost dropped and/or lagging voltage and/or current to reduce line loss during electrical power transmission.

Correlating compressor and turbine costs with thermodynamic properties for CAES power plants

Abstract: Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a technology that converts excess base load energy into stored pneumatic energy by means of a compressor for a later release through a turbine as premium peaking power. The CAES system consists of a modified gas turbine combined with an underground storage reservoir. Since 1978, such a power plant has operated successfully in Huntorf, West Germany. Others are in construction throughout the world, the largest being constructed in Donbas, Soviet Union (1050 MW). CAES is more economic with respect to other energy storage facilities due to its relatively low installation cost, short construction time, and high reliability. However, since the number of CAES plants all over the world is still small, it is essential for plant planning and optimization to evaluate normative functions for the turbine and compressor cost. The components costs are evaluated from their thermodynamic and turbo-aerodynamic properties, enabling evaluation of the optimal plant parameters.

Boosting Steam Plant Thermal Efficiency and Power Output Through the Addition of Gas Turbines

Abstract: This paper describes the conversion of existing conventional steam power plants into combined cycle plants.A number of Dutch utility companies are currently performing or planning this conversion on their gas-fired power stations, mainly in order to conserve fuel.Modifications of boiler and steam cycle, necessary for the new concept, are presented in general terms, together with a detailed description of one of the projects.Copyright © 1987 by ASME

Automated load management for spacecraft power systems

Abstract: An account is given of the results of a study undertaken by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center to design and implement the load management techniques for autonomous spacecraft power systems, such as the Autonomously Managed Power System Test Facility. Attention is given to four load-management criteria, which encompass power bus balancing on multichannel power systems, energy balancing in such systems, power quality matching of loads to buses, and contingency load shedding/adding. Full implementation of these criteria calls for the addition of a second power channel.

Industrial Cogeneration: Analysis of Energy Parks

Abstract: A novel implementation of “manufacturing” thermal and electrical demand to match power plant design in the context of an industrial park is studied. The novelty of the “energy park” concept introduces several areas requiring detailed consideration. Three of these—manufacturing load profile through tenant identification, power plant design and energy costs, and pricing—are addressed. A computer model which calculated economic and thermomechanical performance is utilized. A specific site in southeastern Massachusetts is used as the study’s focus. The consumers used are a paper mill, a food processor, and a local hospital. The regenerative Rankine cycle power plant is designed to meet a maximum steam demand of 1.3 kg/s (10\u5 1bm/hr) at all times and electrical demand [3,000 kWe peak] most of the time. An economic analysis driven by derived aggregate energy demand is performed. Both daily and monthly demand fluctuations are considered. This analysis is accomplished using PC-based spreadsheet software. The total average cost of energy (1982 dollars), assuming electrical and thermal energy are priced equally, is $0.0116/MJ ($12.19/BTU). Pricing strategies to reduce cost and shift demand profile are considered.

Cooling thermal storage

Abstract: This article gives some overall guidelines for successful operation of cooling thermal storage installations. Electric utilities use rates and other incentives to encourage thermal storage, which not only reduces their system peaks but also transfers a portion of their load from expensive daytime inefficient peaking plants to less expensive nighttime base load high efficiency coal and nuclear plants. There are hundreds of thermal storage installations around the country. Some of these are very successful; others have failed to achieve all of their predicted benefits because application considerations were not properly addressed.

Space station electrical power distribution analysis using a load flow approach

Abstract: The space station's electrical power system will evolve and grow in a manner much similar to the present terrestrial electrical power system utilities. The initial baseline reference configuration will contain more than 50 nodes or busses, inverters, transformers, overcurrent protection devices, distribution lines, solar arrays, and/or solar dynamic power generating sources. The system is designed to manage and distribute 75 KW of power single phase or three phase at 20 KHz, and grow to a level of 300 KW steady state, and must be capable of operating at a peak of 450 KW for 5 to 10 min. In order to plan far into the future and keep pace with load growth, a load flow power system analysis approach must be developed and utilized. This method is a well known energy assessment and management tool that is widely used throughout the Electrical Power Utility Industry. The results of a comprehensive evaluation and assessment of an Electrical Distribution System Analysis Program (EDSA) is discussed. Its potential use as an analysis and design tool for the 20 KHz space station electrical power system is addressed.