Showing papers on "Bluetooth published in 2000"

The Bluetooth radio system

Abstract: A few years ago it was recognized that the vision of a truly low-cost, low-power radio-based cable replacement was feasible. Such a ubiquitous link would provide the basis for portable devices to communicate together in an ad hoc fashion by creating personal area networks which have similar advantages to their office environment counterpart, the local area network. Bluetooth/sup TM/ is an effort by a consortium of companies to design a royalty-free technology specification enabling this vision. This article describes the radio system behind the Bluetooth concept. Designing an ad hoc radio system for worldwide usage poses several challenges. The article describes the critical system characteristics and motivates the design choices that have been made.

Wireless communications system and method

Abstract: A system for communicating information facilitates wireless communication between electronic devices. The system includes a transceiver provided in a vehicle. The transceiver communicates with an electronic device located external to the transceiver using a Bluetooth communications standard.

Interoperability for bluetooth/IEEE 802.11

Abstract: The key of the invention is to introduce an interoperability device in a communication system which integrates an IEEE 802.11 transceiver and a Bluetooth transceiver. The device prevents that one transceiver is transmitting while the other is receiving, which would cause interference at the receiving transceiver. In addition, the device preferably prevents that both systems are transmitting at the same time to avoid interference at the receiving device(s). Optionally the device prohibits simultaneous reception of both transceivers. In that way the radio receiver can be shared between the devices, allowing a cheaper and smaller hardware design.

Bluetooth: Connect Without Cables

Abstract: From the Publisher: Bluetooth is a technology for small devices and computers to communicate without cables or wires. Bluetooth enabled devices such as cell phones, notebook computers and PDAs will eventually be able to swap data and information wirelessly. By 2005 there will be more than 570 million Bluetooth-enabled devices, according to research by Cahners In-Stat Group. This book is intended as an introduction to Bluetooth technology for professionals in the computing and telecommunications industries.

Wireless location and direction indicator for multiple devices

Abstract: A system and method for wireless communication between two devices allows the transfer of location information through a cellular or “BLUETOOTH” link that can be used to provide a continuous indication of estimated distance and direction relative to the two devices in communication with one another.

Bluetooth-a new low-power radio interface providing short-range connectivity

Abstract: In the past decades, progress in microelectronics and VLSI technology has fostered the widespread use of computing and communication applications in portable electronic devices. In this paper, we review the Bluetooth technology, a new universal radio interface enabling electronic devices to connect and communicate wirelessly via short-range connections. Motivations for the air interface design and radio requirement decisions are discussed. Frequency hopping, interference resistance, and the concepts of ad hoc connectivity and scatternets are explained in detail. Furthermore, Bluetooth characteristics enabling low-cost single-chip implementations and supporting low power consumption are discussed.

Coexistence techniques in wireless networks

Abstract: Techniques are provided for frequency coordination among two different wireless network protocols, such as the IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth protocols, operating in proximity with one another. Coordination is accomplished by the use of a first radio transceiver operating in accordance with a first communication protocol (which may be the 802.11 protocol) and using a frequency band (which may be the 2.4 GHz band), a base station connected to a wired network and operating in accordance with the first communication protocol, a second radio transceiver operating in accordance with a second communication protocol (which may be the Bluetooth protocol) and using the frequency band, and a coordinator associated with the base station for, in turn, activating the first radio transceiver, deactivating the first radio transceiver, activating the second radio transceiver, and deactivating the second radio transceiver.

Emergency assistance system using bluetooth technology

Abstract: An emergency assistance system ( 10 ) that transmits vehicle and occupant information to an emergency station ( 26 ) in the event of a vehicle crash condition. The system ( 10 ) includes a vehicle crash sensing system ( 40 ) that senses the vehicle crash condition and transmits a crash signal through a first port ( 42 ) using Bluetooth™ technology. A cellular phone ( 12 ) having GPS ( 30 ) receives the crash signal through a second port ( 32 ) using Bluetooth™ technology, which in turn is coupled to a controller ( 16 ) within the cellular phone ( 12 ). In response to receipt of the crash signal, the controller ( 16 ) enables the cellular phone ( 12 ) to initialize a telephone call to the emergency station ( 26 ) and to transmit a signal to the emergency station ( 26 ) identifying the current location of the vehicle and the vehicle condition.

Group call for a wireless mobile communication device using bluetooth

Abstract: A mobile communication handset (D0) which is configured for communicating by a cellular or PCS or cordless call over a first wireless link (L1) to a base station (12), and is also configured for communicating with one or more other communication devices (D2Dn) over other respective wireless direct device-to-device second links (L2Ln) implemented by the Bluetooth Intercom Profile, is provided with functionality to carry on a group call by appropriately combining speech signals carried by the various links and by the handset The first wireless link (L1) may be a cordless link which is implemented by the Bluetooth Telephony Profile Alternatively, the first link may also be configured as wireless direct device-to-device link, in which case all wireless links involved in the group call are implemented by the Bluetooth Intercom Profile

Wireless piconet access to vehicle operational statistics

Abstract: A wireless piconet transceiver is mounted in a vehicle, and a complementary fixed wireless piconet transceiver is mounted in a garage, service station, police squad car, etc., for communication with the vehicle when parked adjacent thereto. The vehicle establishes a temporary piconet network with the user's home piconet. Vehicle operational statistics are tracked and maintained in a centralized vehicle computer database. This database can be manipulated to store the data desired by the vehicle owner. Via a wireless piconet connection, this database can transmitted to another piconet device such as the owner's computer. This computer system can be part of a wireless piconet, such as Bluetooth, This provides the computer with the ability to communicate with external wireless devices such as a cell phone, PDA, computer, or a cordless telephone. This invention allows for the configuration, or selection of desired vehicle data to be tracked. This configuration can take place on the owner's home computer (or laptop) and consequently transmitted to the vehicle computer using a wireless piconet protocol, e.g., the Bluetooth protocol. Additionally, this configuration can be manipulated by a direct interface to the vehicle provided by the manufacturer. Exemplary vehicle statistics which may be tracked include, but are not limited to, miles per gallon, average miles per hour, maximum MPH, miles driven per trip, driving statistics based on time of day and/or on identified driver, rotations of the engine per minute (RPM), temperature of engine, fuel gauge level, oil pressure, tires, brakes, engine coolant, wiper fluid, global positioning satellite (GPS) system, and/or even compressed voice from inside car cockpit during operation of vehicle.

Intelligent piconet forming

Abstract: When connecting a unit to one or more existing ad hoc wireless networks comprising several units, the units e.g. adapted to communicate according to the Bluetooth specification and the network then being formed according to the same specification to comprise one or more piconets, a unit can discover the units which are the masters in the networks, and then connect as a slave to those masters. Specifically it does not have to use the master-slave switch according to the Bluetooth specification. In the first stage of the unit trying to make a connection it establishes contact with at least one unit in an existing ad hoc network and then additional information on the status, in particular the role of master or slave, of the unit already connected in the network is transferred to the not yet connected unit. This information facilitates the decision of the unconnected unit as to which unit in the network that it should try to correct to. Then, in the actual connecting of the unit to the network, the roles of the unit and of the already connected unit can be chosen by the unit wanting to be connected. In particular, the initially inquiring and paging unit may become a slave unit in a newly formed piconet or in an already existing piconet.

Bluetooth enabled mobile device charging cradle and system

Abstract: A mobile device charging cradle (46) to enable short distance wireless communication between a personal computer (10) and at least one other short distance wireless communication enabled electronic device (50). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a short distance wireless radio (transceiver—Bluetooth enabled) (44) and antenna (42) are added to a charging cradle to produce a combination charging and short distance wireless communication enabled cradle (46) which is coupled via a data cable (12) to a personal computer (10). The short distance wireless (in this case RF) communication enabled cradle enables a system in which a legacy architecture personal computer may communicate with other short distance RF communication enabled electronic devices. Such communication is enabled whether or not another RF communication enabled portable electronic device is coupled to the cradle. In another embodiment of the invention, a universal serial bus USB in a computer is used as a power source for the previously described cradle. In one embodiment, a data/power cable (78) couples a computer (70) having an external USB connector (72) to the short distance wireless communication enabled cradle (74). The cable includes electronic circuitry (82) for converting the voltage level supplied by the USB to a voltage level usable by the cradle—including its Bluetooth radio (44) and any peripheral electronic device that may be coupled to the cradle (52,54).

A wireless apparatus having a transceiver equipped to support multiple wireless communication protocols

Abstract: A wireless device is provided with a wireless transceiver having a joint signal transmit/receive section, and a number of signal up/down conversion sections to transmit and receive signals wirelessly in accordance with a first and a second protocol. The wireless device is further provided with a controller/signal processing section to control and perform, in a coordinated manner, the transmit and receive operations in accordance with the two protocols. In various embodiments, the wireless device is further provided with a processor programmed to implement a time sharing schedule to facilitate the coordinated control and performance of the transmit and receive operations. In some of these embodiments, the processor is further programmed to monitor the transmit and receive workloads of the two protocols and adaptively perform the coordinated control and signal processing, based at least in part on the observed workloads. In various embodiments, the protocols may be selected pairs of Bluetooth, (802.11), (802.11a), (802.11b), Home RF and the like. The wireless device may also be used as a master device or a gateway device of two wireless networks.

Bluetooth-based wireless connectivity in an automotive environment

Abstract: In contrast to a home or office environment the automotive environment represents a relatively underdeveloped application field regarding the provision of new services (e.g. car-specific services) and/or access to existing services (e.g. Internet services). One of the key elements for accomplishing such a task is an appropriate, wireless delivery media. A combination of several dedicated access technologies (e.g. stationary/mobile operation) is not precluded. The integration of existing and new communication technologies requires an appropriate in-car infrastructure for the support of communication, information and entertainment services, which takes into account the specific characteristics and constraints of the considered automotive environment. It can be foreseen that Bluetooth, an emerging technology for short range wireless connectivity, will be an integral part of future car-based networks. The paper describes concepts for integration of the Bluetooth technology, the achievable transmission performance and a potential user application framework.

Clustering algorithms for wireless ad hoc networks

Abstract: Efficient clustering algorithms play a very important role in the fast connection establishment of ad hoc networks. In this paper, we describe a communication model that is derived directly from that of Bluetooth, an emerging technology for pervasive computing; this technology is expected to play a major role in future personal area network applications. We further propose two new distributed algorithms for clustering in wireless ad hoc networks. The existing algorithms often become infeasible because they use models where the discovering devices broadcast their Ids and exchange substantial information in the initial stages of the algorithm.We propose a 2-stage distributed O(N) randomized algorithm for an N node complete network, that always finds the minimum number of star-shaped clusters, which have maximum size. We then present a completely deterministic O(N) distributed algorithm for the same model, which achieves the same purpose. We describe in detail how these algorithms can be applied to Bluetooth for efficient scatternet formation. Finally, we evaluate both algorithms using simulation experiments based on the Bluetooth communication model, and compare their performance.

Performance aspects of Bluetooth scatternet formation

Abstract: The emergence of Bluetooth as a default radio interface allows handheld electronic devices to be rapidly interconnected into ad hoc networks. Bluetooth allows large numbers of piconets to form a scatternet using designated nodes that participate in multiple piconets. In this work we study the performance implications of forming scatternets from piconets. The contribution of our work is twofold. First, we establish a network model and define performance metrics for Bluetooth scatternets. Our model is derived from constraints specific to the Bluetooth technology, but is sufficiently abstract to relate to the more general field of ad hoc networking. Second, using a number of simulation studies, we relate scatternet parameters to performance metrics and discover correlations between scatternet formation rules and performance. These results reveal some important performance implications of scatternet design decisions and can serve as guidelines for future scatternet formation algorithms.

Bluetooth revealed

Abstract: From the Book: Preface The convergence of computing and communications has been predicted for many years. Today's explosion of a myriad of new types of personal computing and communications devices?notebook computers, personal digital assistants, "smart" phones, two-way pagers, digital cameras and so on?has resulted in new ways for people to communicate and gain access to data. The advent of this pervasive computing, especially via wireless communications, enables these devices to be used in new settings: not only can people make voice calls from their automobile using a mobile phone, but also they can access the World Wide Web from a wireless notebook or handheld computer while at the airport or a shopping mall. We are rapidly moving toward a world where computing and communications become ubiquitous?not only at work but also in the home, in public places and in personal surroundings. Until recently, enabling all of these devices to communicate with each other has been cumbersome, often involving the use of special cables to connect the devices together along with device-specific software that might use proprietary protocols. To exchange information among all of her personal devices, a person might need to carry as many cables as devices and still lack assurance that all the devices could interconnect. The inability to share information among devices or the difficulty in doing so limits their usefulness. The Bluetooth technology enables devices to communicate seamlessly without wires. While Bluetooth wireless communication is first and foremost a means for cable replacement, it also enables many new applications?the use of a single mobile telephone as a cellular phone, cordless phone or intercom and the use of a notebook computer as a speakerphone, just to name two. The Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) was formed in early 1998 by Ericsson, Intel, IBM, Nokia and Toshiba to develop an open specification for globally available short-range wireless radio frequency communications. The SIG has published a specification for the Bluetooth radio and baseband along with a set of communication protocols comprising a software stack used with the Bluetooth radio hardware. The Bluetooth radio module design is optimized for very low power consumption, low cost, small footprint and use anywhere in the world. In addition to the core specification, the SIG has also published Bluetooth profiles that describe how to use the software protocols such that interoperability among all kinds of devices can be achieved, regardless of who manufactures these devices. Version 1.0 of the specification was published in July 1999. Today the Bluetooth Special Interest Group consists of nine promoter companies (joining the five founding companies noted above in the SIG's core group are 3Com, Lucent, Microsoft and Motorola) and well over 1,800 adopter companies from around the world, representing a diverse set of industries. The specification and profiles continue to evolve as the SIG develops new ways to use the Bluetooth technology. The first products with Bluetooth wireless communications arrived in 2000 led by development tools, mobile telephones, audio headsets, notebook computers, handheld computers and network access points. A great deal of interest, talent and energy has marshaled around this exciting new technology. Until now most of the information available about Bluetooth wireless communications has been from the SIG's official web site (bluetooth) or from brief press articles or newsletters. This book aims to be at once authoritative and accessible. Besides discussing background, history and potential future developments, Bluetooth Revealed: The Insider's Guide to an Open Specification for Global Wireless Communications delivers practical explanations of the specification by people who helped to develop it. It is a broad discussion of the topic, containing information that should be of value to industry practitioners, professionals, students and any others who are interested in this topic. No matter what your particular interest is, Bluetooth Revealed is intended to give you the information you need to become a "Bluetooth Insider."

Method, and associated apparatus, for effectuating handover of communications in a bluetooth, or other, radio communication system

Abstract: A method, and associated apparatus, facilitates handover of communications with a mobile Bluetooth device operable to communicate packet data with other Bluetooth devices. Handover of communications is effectuated between fixed-infrastructure access points or other mobile Bluetooth devices formed in a scatternet. The device to which communications are to be handed-over becomes a slave to the Bluetooth device with which communications are ongoing, thereby to permit time synchronization thereto.

Data scheduling and SAR for Bluetooth MAC

Abstract: Motivated by the emerging standards for indoor pico-cellular wireless systems, such as the Bluetooth, we propose and study the scheduling policies for master driven time division duplex (TDD) wireless networks. In these networks, the frequency band is divided into time slots, and each end (i.e., master or slave) takes turns in using the time slots. In Bluetooth, a slave transmits packets in the reverse slot only after the master polls the slave in a forward slot (by sending data to it). The conventional scheduling policies such as round robin do not perform well in these systems as they are not suited to the tight coupling of the uplink-downlink. We propose new scheduling policies, (i) the priority scheme, and, (ii) the K-fairness scheme that utilize the state at the master and slaves to schedule the TDD slots effectively. Active slaves are differentiated based upon the binary information (i.e., the presence or absence of packets in a slave queue) about the master-slave queue pairs. The priority scheme achieves high throughput as compared to the packet-by-packet generalized processor sharing (PGPS) based policies while guaranteeing a minimal service to each active slave while the K-fairness policy is characterized by a tight fairness bound as well as high system throughput. We then extend these policies for scheduling variable size data in the presence of voice. Further, since Bluetooth supports variable size data packets (1, 3 or 5 slots) on the same connections, the segmentation and reassembly (SAR) can significantly impact scheduling of data packets by varying packet size distribution. We propose an intelligent SAR policy (ISAR) and compare it with the naive random-SAR in which the data packet sizes (i.e., 1, 3 or 5) are assigned probabilistically. ISAR adapts MAC packet size at the master and slave queues depending on the data arrival rates at both the queues.

Electronic physical asset tracking

Abstract: Objects can be tracked within a building using a radio device associated with each object to be tracked and an array of transmitting beacons. Each of the beacons transmits identification data. The received identification data from the object to be tracked is sent to a server which determines the location of the object. The identification data may be sent from the object to the server using a data communications network such as a local area network. The beacons may have a variable power output allowing the receipt or non-receipt of the signal from the beacon to be used to assist in locating the object. The beacons may be associated with an existing wireless communication mechanism, such as Bluetooth.

Data scheduling and SAR for Bluetooth MAC

Abstract: Motivated by the emerging standards for indoor pico-cellular wireless systems, such as the Bluetooth, we propose and study the scheduling policies for master driven time division duplex (TDD) wireless networks. In these networks, the frequency band is divided into time slots, and each end (i.e., master or slave) takes turns in using the time slots. In Bluetooth, a slave transmits packets in the reverse slot only after the master polls the slave in a forward slot (by sending data to it). The conventional scheduling policies such as round robin do not perform well in these systems as they are not suited to the tight coupling of the uplink-downlink. We propose new scheduling policies, (i) the priority scheme, and, (ii) the K-fairness scheme that utilize the state at the master and slaves to schedule the TDD slots effectively. Active slaves are differentiated based upon the binary information (i.e., the presence or absence of packets in a slave queue) about the master-slave queue pairs. The priority scheme achieves high throughput as compared to the packet-by-packet generalized processor sharing (PGPS) based policies while guaranteeing a minimal service to each active slave while the K-fairness policy is characterized by a tight fairness bound as well as high system throughput. We then extend these policies for scheduling variable size data in the presence of voice. Further, since Bluetooth supports variable size data packets (1, 3 or 5 slots) on the same connections, the segmentation and reassembly (SAR) can significantly impact scheduling of data packets by varying packet size distribution. We propose an intelligent SAR policy (ISAR) and compare it with the naive random-SAR in which the data packet sizes (i.e., 1, 3 or 5) are assigned probabilistically. ISAR adapts MAC packet size at the master and slave queues depending on the data arrival rates at both the queues.

Instrumentation and software for remote monitoring and programming of implantable medical devices (IMDs)

Abstract: A modular system including hardware and software in combination or separately is used to adopt instruments for remote connectivity and programming of one or more medical devices in one or more patients. The modular system is implemented via an interface and is adaptable to a variety of medical devices, irrespective of origin of manufacture. The modular unit includes communication and other functional hardware in combination with Jini technology and Bluetooth implemented to effect wireless communication between various devices, patients and health providers.

Radio network performance of Bluetooth

Abstract: A new radio interface named Bluetooth has been developed to provide short range connectivity between various consumer devices. The Bluetooth system operates in the unlicensed 2.45 GHz ISM band and applies frequency hopping over 79 carriers. This paper presents the simulation results of the radio network performance of a large number of co-located Bluetooth units. For a capacity-demanding WWW data traffic model, the interference caused by (on average) 100 concurrent sessions in a single room of size 10 m/spl times/20 m results only in a 5% degradation of the aggregate throughput. In general, it is advisable to use long uncoded packet types for data transmission since they have the largest ideal throughput and therefore generate the least interference power. For real-time speech links, frame erasures represent the dominant reason for transmission quality degradation, more than residual payload bit errors. It is thus advisable to use the provided uncoded packet type in order to allow for the largest capacity; a system load of about 30 Erlang yields an average frame erasure rate of 1%.

Proximity awareness and fast connection establishment in Bluetooth

Abstract: Proximity awareness in Bluetooth technology is implemented via an asymmetric point to point "sender-receiver" protocol where "senders" are trying to discover "receivers" in the vicinity. This paper tries to shed some light on the link formation delay by first identifying the delay bottlenecks in the asymmetric neighborhood discovery process and then discussing the factors that affect certain parameter decisions. A symmetric technique for establishing ad hoc connectivity is introduced which imposes each node to alternate between the "sender" and "receiver" state in a random fashion. The results show that the connection establishment delay can be reduced if appropriate decisions are made in the choice of parameters.

A wireless wellness monitor for personal weight management

Abstract: Despite increasing possibilities for the citizen to play a more active role in personal health management, the use of Internet based health applications remains limited. Poor usability, limited personalization, and problems with security and accessibility often frustrate a continued use. The paper presents a possible solution by actively using wireless communications and ad-hoc networking techniques to minimize the user's efforts in using the application. Overweightness is a widespread and increasing problem in western countries. There are indications that self-monitoring combined with guidelines provide a good basis for personal weight management. The wireless wellness monitor implements a self-monitoring and guidance system using Bluetooth- and Jini-based networking. A scale, heart rate monitor, mobile terminal (personal digital assistant or WAP-enabled digital cellular phone), and home server communicate locally via Bluetooth. Internet based communications take care of remote use. The set-up allows us to investigate the behavior and use cases based on equipment and protocols that are expected to be in general use in the coming years. Thus, the system provides a useful test-bed for evaluating new techniques that may bring personal health management to a new level.

Electronically augmented multiplayer sporting game with virtual ball passed by infrared apparatus

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conducting multi-player games in a wireless telecommunications system including a wireless telecommunications network which communicates using radio signals with a plurality of mobile terminals. The objects of the multi-player games are accomplished in the invention by passing a virtual ball between the mobile terminals. The virtual ball can be passed between the mobile terminals by infrared (IR) transmission from IR apparatus included as part of each mobile terminal, by a call being placed through the wireless telecommunications system between mobile terminals, by a Short Message Service (SMS) message which is transmitted by a Short Message Service Center (SMSC) of the wireless telecommunications system, or by short range radio apparatus which operates according to the Bluetooth Standard. The virtual ball could include data or information regarding the game and/or advertising or promotional information regarding products or services being offered. The data or information in the virtual ball is automatically displayed on the display of the mobile terminal upon receiving the virtual ball.

Handoff support for mobility with IP over Bluetooth

Abstract: The BLUEPAC (BLUEtooth Public ACcess) concepts present ideas for enabling mobile Bluetooth devices to access local area networks in public areas, such as airports, train stations and supermarkets. The proposed protocols support mobility on OSI layer 3. This paper concentrates on the necessary layer 2 protocol concepts for supporting mobility and handoffs between different access points. Furthermore, we present the necessary adaptations for allowing IP datagrams to be exchanged between the mobile Bluetooth devices and access points. The BLUEPAC protocol concepts have been implemented above a Bluetooth emulation system to test their feasibility. First results clearly showed the importance of minimizing the handoff duration to allow efficient operation of upper layer protocols such as TCP.

Power-conserving intuitive device discovery technique in a Bluetooth environment

Abstract: A method and system for managing when a responder device (a device having a transceiver for wireless communication) is operating in a discoverable mode in a wireless network of devices, such as a Bluetooth network. In the discoverable mode, the responder device is set to scan for and respond to general inquiry messages broadcast from another device (e.g., an initiator device). When in the non-discoverable mode, the responder device will not respond to and/or scan for general inquiry messages broadcast from an initiator device. The responder device automatically enters the discoverable mode when the responder device enters into its awake mode. The responder device automatically enters the non-discoverable mode when the device enters into its sleep mode. Therefore, the responder device will be in discoverable mode for a reduced period of time, and as such will respond to fewer general inquiry messages. Accordingly, fewer messages will be exchanged between devices in the wireless network, simplifying the device discovery process for users and conserving the battery resources of the initiator and responder devices.

Considerations on link and system throughput of Bluetooth networks

Abstract: The radio network performance of a large number of Bluetooth piconets is investigated in this contribution. Asynchronous packet data connections are considered exclusively. Continuously transmitting piconets as well as partially loaded piconets with constant average user bit rate (according to a WWW traffic model) are treated. All piconets are located in a single room. It turns out that Bluetooth provides a large capacity for data connections. Under normal load conditions, the link throughput is degraded only marginally by interference. Several hundred simultaneous WWW sessions are feasible in the considered scenario. A maximum aggregate system throughput of about 18 Mbit/s can be obtained. In general, long and uncoded Bluetooth packet types should be preferred for data transmission, since they provide for the largest throughput in most interference conditions.

Paving the way for personal area network standards: an overview of the IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks

Abstract: The process of creating international standards is a mystery to most people, even to the technologists who use them every day. This article describes the origins and processes of the IEEE Project 802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks and their effort to bring standardization to the Bluetooth specification. The committee of experts that comprises P802.15 is chartered with codifying the physical characteristics and protocols used to construct small, low-power, ad hoc networks used for wireless interconnection of personal electronic devices.