Showing papers on "Butt joint published in 1981"

Drywall construction and article of manufacture therefor

Abstract: A method and means of improved drywall or wallboard construction is shown and described wherein the edges of adjacent wallboards are first mounted to a series of vertically spaced strap members affixed between, and spanning, adjacent typical wall stud or ceiling stud members. The strap members are each provided with a centrally located recessed area. The wallboard edges are then screwed into the recessed area of each of the strap members to form a recessed butt joint which can then be rendered flush by conventional means. The method and means of the invention permits the bending of wall board and forming of a recessed butt joint without setting up high stresses in the wallboard. Any stresses are adequately offset by the strap member which is substantially rigid, and reinforced, as well, in its central recessed area.

Hardmetal interlayered butt-joints made by diffusion bonding and pressure bonding

Abstract: The metallurgical structure and strength of inter layered joints between a WC–6Co hardmetal and Co, Cu, Ni, mild steel, and tool steel, and between two WC–Ni hard metals and Ni have been studied fo...

Muffler with three part welded joint

Abstract: An automotive type internal combustion engine exhaust muffler has a welded butt joint consisting of the ends of a pipe bushing, a lockseam louver tube, and a partition neck into which the tube is pressed, the welded joint preferably being of a structure produced by the magnet arc process.

Butt welding method for steel plates

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form weld zones which are good magnetically and mechanically with good efficiency by welding steel plates which are held in a butt state by means of clamping jigs and subjecting the welding parts locally to annealing and shaping simultaneously. CONSTITUTION:The parts near the butt joint 2 of steel plates 1 are held by means of clamping jigs 3. The plates 1 in this state are fed in an arrow 5 direction by means of rolls 7 and auxiliary feed rolls 8 rotating at the same peripheral speed. Upon starting of the feeding, a concentrated arc 41 is projected to the joint 2 by a welding torch 4 to heat the plates 1 to temp. above the melting temp. thereof and to form weld beads 6 successively. The formed beads 6 are pressurized and shaped by rolling of the rolls 7. The rolls 7 heat the plates 1 to the annealing temp. above, for example 800 deg.C and below the melting temp. of said plates by utilizing the resistance heating in the welded parts when electric current is supplied to the roll 7-the plate 1, the beads 6-the roll 7, whereby the annealing of the welded parts is accomplished simultaneously.

On the occurrence of osmosis during water uptake by adhesively bonded titanium joints

Abstract: Measurements are reported of the influence of dissolved inorganic salts upon the swelling behaviour of an adhesive joint. It is found that both the magnitude and rate of swelling associated with water uptake are reduced when epoxy resin anodised titanium/soda-lime glass joints are immersed in saturated solutions of KCl or NaCl. Application of an optical interference method to measure swelling profiles permits determination of the distribution of stress normal to a butt joint. For the case of swelling during immersion in distilled water, the normal stress across a radius varies in magnitude and in sign.

Laminated wood coupling arrangement

Abstract: A laminated wood coupling arrangement for fabricating unitary laminated wood joints. Two sets of multiple layers of thin wood strips placed at a 90° angle to each other overlap ends in alternating layers. Glue placed between all adjacent surfaces retains the laminate together. The bottom layer has two strips. One strip butts against the end of the side of the other strip. The second layer above also has two strips with one crossing over the butt joint of the first layer. The other strip in the second layer butts against the end of the side of the cross over strip. Additional layers may be added in this alternating arrangement to achieve any desired strength or aesthetic appearance.

Weld geometry strength effect in 2219-T87 aluminum

Abstract: A theory of the effect of geometry on the mechanical properties of a butt weld joint is worked out based upon the soft interlayer weld model. Tensile tests of 45 TIG butt welds and 6 EB beads-on-plate in 1/4-in. 2219-T87 aluminum plate made under a wide range of heat sink and power input conditions are analyzed using this theory. The analysis indicates that purely geometrical effects dominate in determining variations in weld joint strength with heat sink and power input. Variations in weld dimensions with cooling rate are significant as well as with power input. Weld size is suggested as a better indicator of the condition of a weld joint than energy input.

Electric butt welding of thick metal cable, esp. aluminium wire - which is welded, upset, and then cold rolled and annealed to make strong joints

Abstract: Both ends of two wires or profiles are pressed together to make a butt joint, which is then hot upset (I) to increase its dia. Cold working is then used to reduce the butt joint to the required size. After cold working, the upset zone is pref. subjected to a recrystallisation-anneal (II). Upsetting (I) is pref. undertaken at min. 450 deg.C to increase the cross-section by 40%, esp. inside an insulating tube. Cold working of the upset joint is pref. achieved via rolling; and anneal (II) is pref. at min. 400 deg.C. The welds are extremely reliable, both electrically and mechanically, so they are very suitable for protective circuits or earth wires.

Pile fabric cover for paint roller - is manufactured as continuous tube with longitudinal adhesive or welded seam

Abstract: The painting roller has a cover (1) which consists of a base fabric (3) with a pile (4) The cover is mfd as a continuous tube by forming a longitudinal seam with adhesive (5) or by welding By making the join with the pile (4) on the outside, this method of mfd avoids having to invert the cover after joining as in previous processes, and gives a convenient procedure for continuous production If required, a reinforcing fabric can be added to the lap joint Alternatively a butt joint with a separate joining strip can be used

Electron beam weldability of nitrogen strengthened austenitic structural materials for fusion magnets

Abstract: In this work the application of the electron-beam (EB) technique for the joining of structural materials used in fusion technology is reported. The selected structural material for the casings of the superconducting torus TESPE is a fully austenitic AISI 316 LN type stainless steel (SS). EB-welding of this type of steel brings serious problems because of the depletion of the dissolved nitrogen, resulting in metallurgical damage of the joints. The variation of the welding parameters and their effect on weld quality are studied. The major weld parameter for avoiding weld pool porosity is the heat input. For a 15 mm thick butt joint (L-type) the welding parameter is optimized by different EB-weld tests. It is demonstrated that a 0.3 mm foil, used as a filler material, was capable of dissolving excess nitrogen during the welding period resulting in a significant reduction of nitrogen depletion in the weld metal.

Hhshaped steel sheet pile

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve engagement condition and enable vertical striking by forming one of a flange part into an engagement joint and the other into a butt joint. CONSTITUTION:A set of joint parts 2a and 2d of the H-shaped steel sheet pile 1 are formed so that one joint part 2a engages with the joint part 2d of an adjacent H-shaped steel sheet pile 1' and that the other joint part 2d engages with the joint part 2a of an adjacent H-shaped steel sheet pile 1''. A set of joint parts 2b and 2c of a steel sheet pile 1b are formed so that one joint part 2b butts the joint part 2c of the adjacent H-shaped steel sheet pile 1'', while the other joint part 2c butts the joint 2b of the adjacent H-shaped steel sheet pile 1''. Since engagement of the engagement joint parts with each other in two places suffices respectively by this constitution, it is facilitated extremely.

Jointing PVC sheets into continuous floor covering - where underside of temporarily taped joint is welded cooled and smoothed

Abstract: A sealed floor covering is made of PVC sheets which are butt-jointed along parallel edges. A temporary bonding tape is applied on top along the butt joint, on the underside a groove is produced along the joint and of depth less than the sheet thickness, this groove is filled with a PVC welding material which is then welded to the adjacent sheet. The weld is cooled, its projections beyond the smooth underside are smoothed off, and finally the bonding tape is removed. Reliable and simple method of making permanent flooring, minimal mis-cutting and wastage.

Knife for cutting joint borders in thermoplastic sheet - is hot air heated to reduce effort and blade wear when laying flooring etc.

Abstract: A blade for cutting sheet plastic floor coverings is mounted between two panels which enclose most of the blade and which have superficial internal channels for passing hot air alongside the blade to heat it. The hot air leaving the holder is directed onto the surface of the matl. being cut. Suitable for cutting through overlapping borders of e.g. thermoplastic tiles to produce close fitting butt joints at the end of a tiled area. The heating reduces the effort reqd. to cut such matls. also extends the life of the blade. Opt. the heat is provided by an electrical element integrated with a blower fitted to the handle for guiding the blade.

Automatic penetration beand welding method to narrow groove

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make possible penetration bead welding of narrow groove by the use of CO2 as a shielding gas simply by weaving the torch by selecting proper welding conditions at the time of making penetration bead welding by a gas shielded arc wedling method. CONSTITUTION:General CO2 gas shielded arc welding equipment provided with a feeder of solid wire and weaving-oscillating mechanism reciprocatively moving the torch only in the direction normal to the weld line on the carriage self-travelling on the rail disposed along the weld line is used for welding equipment. In this case, however, the shape of the butt joint part of the two members to be welded is the V-groove of about 30 deg. angle of bevel and 3-5mm. root gap. This is the gas shielded arc welding method of the welding conditions of 70-200mm./min, welding speeds, and 28-80cycles/min weaving cycles using CO2 as a shielding gas. Approximately uniform penetration beads may be made and there is no need for groove of high accuracy.

Junction straps for structural joint sealing foils - made of PVC, carbon black and chalk as negative replica

Abstract: Foils, made of soft PVC or rubber and used in the building industry to seal joints between concrete structural parts, must be joined by a perfect butt joint which must ensure tightness against liquid and gaseous media. This is achieved by using two straps which form an exact negative replica of the surface of the sealing foil and stand out beyond the width at both sides. The prefd. material for the straps is a mixture of PVC, carbon black and chalk which is extruded and stored on a drum, marked for cutting up and applying an adhesive. These straps are easy to produce and ensure a reliable seal.

Roof heat insulating units bridging batten - is u=shaped, with fixers through butt joint, pressed into insulation from above

Abstract: The batten is provided for bridging heat-insulating elements, laid so as to abut together at the sides, esp. in an under-roof. The butt joint is bridged on the inside of the heat-insulation by an upward-open U-shaped profile batten (15). This has fixing elements attached to it, running through the joint and pressed into the heat insulating element from above. Fixing elements can be clamps (23) fastened to the cross arm stem in the longitudinal centre plane of the batten, or pieces of wire (7), similarly fastened. The batten can run from ridge to eaves, and have sections overlapping so as to conduct water. This obviates gaps at the ends of insulating elements, and penetration of damp.

Ultrasonic lap butt welding of two metal strips - using sonotrode imparting vibrations to roller driven transversely across lap butt joint formed by two strip ends

Abstract: Continuous metal strip is made by welding a tail end of one strip to the front of the next strip. The overlapping ends of the two strips are placed on a welding table and held by clamps. The table is next lifted so the overlapping strip ends are forced at a predetermined pressure against a roller fixed to a sonotrode which is also provided with a photoelectric cell. The roller is moved across the joint, and the cell detects both edges of the overlapping strips and switches the sonotrode on and then off. The sonotrode subjects the roller to ultrasonic vibration to make the weld. Used in joining thin strips made of Al; Cu; or steel; but esp. Al strip coated with polyethylene and used in mfg. electric cables. The polyethylene is removed from the strip ends before welding and the continuous strip can be used in mfg. long cables.

The serpentine end-matched joint: evaluating strength and stability

Abstract: The Serpentine end-matched (Sem) joint is a precisely machined butt joint with a sine wave shape. The joint is not readily visible to the eye and performs well in panels made of sugar maple, red oak, black walnut, and black cherry. The Sem joint is unaffected by changes in equilibrium moisture content from 6 to 12 to 18 to 6 percent. Panels containing Sem joints have about the same stiffness as panels without Sem joints. When tested to failure in bending, panels with Sem joints were weaker than control panels. However, the panels had to bend much farther than nonstructural applications would dictate before failure occurred. When making the joint, some side pressure and end pressures of 60 to 240 psi are needed.

Strength and damage content of sectional glass shells with different types of dismantable joints

Abstract: 1. A study was made of the structural strength of inorganic glass in sectional spherical and cylindrical shells with new types of dismantable mechanical joints under conditions of external hydrostatic pressure. It was found that the choice of joint design and processing parameters on the basis of study of the effect of these parameters on the stress-strain state of the shell makes it possible to create a favorable stress state in the glass element so as to significantly increase and stabilize the maximum load-carrying capacity, endurance, and durability of the structure. 2. Sectional shells with dismantable joints realized by joining glass elements end to end showed satisfactory resistance to fracture under brief one-time and long-time applications of hydrostatic pressure but low resistance under pulsating loads, thus limiting the use of such a joint. 3. Designs in which glass bears directly against metal in the joint should be used only for brief one-time loading with external pressure: such a joint does not have reliable resistance to fracture of the glass element under long-time or repeated static loading. 4. Dismantable joints with a hinge guarantee resistance to fracture under one-time loading to relatively high external pressures but do not perform well in an absolute sense and are therefore not recommended for introduction. 5. An efficient dismantable joint of glass elements was designed with ends in the area of the butt joint that have roughly the same stiffness, thus ensuring reliable resistance to fracture up to 1600 kgf/cm2 for spherical shells and up to 1400 kgf/cm2 for cylindrical shells and providing more than 100 cycles of service at 1000 kgf/cm2 for both. 6. A new dismantable joint combining a glass element with a high-stiffness metal flange was also developed. This joint withstands brief applications of pressure up to 1100 kgf/cm2 and ensures reliable shell operation under a cyclic load of 600 kgf/cm2 for 100 cycles. 7. The results of the findings from the above studies have been put to use by interested organizations to make new and more modern equipment.

Welded butt joint between valve body and cap - uses part-housing with cap wall thickened to locate cavity groove in outer face with rebated down-stand

Abstract: The welded butt joint is used between the body (1) and the cover (3) of a valve, utilising a thickening of the cover wall (3) to provide an inter-housing effect with a barrier cavity (7). Radiographic weld testing is facilitated. Identical bevels (8,8a) of external arrisses may accommodate weld material, the cover barrel and the body bore being rebated to provide the part-housing effect. The cover downstand (10) may have an L-section defining the cavity (7), the leg (12) extending the bore faces of the cover ), and the bar (13) cantilevering externally.

Evaluation of the strength of a new type of detachable joint in a compound glass shell

Abstract: 1. Compound shells with a detachable joint directly connecting the glass elements showed a satisfactory breaking strength under the effect of a single external hydrostatic pressure and can be recommended for working under such conditions up to loads amounting to no more than 0.3 of the calculated value characteristic for monolithic shells similar to them. 2. For the successful realization of direct joining of the glass elements and for eliminating their premature damage and destruction in the joint zone, it is necessary to polish their contact surface with respect to the third class of precision and to provide an arithmetic mean deviation of the profile of the contact surfaces of not more than 0.32 μm. 3. The strength of the assembled shells with a detachable butt joint is determined by the value of the contact strength of the material under conditions of the interaction of glass with glass in the joint in the presence of large specific compressive forces and technological imperfections of the contact surfaces of the joint. The most dangerous type of such imperfections is the presence of chips and gas bubbles on the contact surfaces. Misalignment of the contact surfaces in the plane of the joint, causing the occurrence of inside overhanging edges, also substantially reduces the strength of the compound shells. 4. The direct contact between glass elements on the surface of detachment does not provide a high level of operational capability of the joint in the case of repeated static loading by an external pressure and can be recommended only for one-time (1–10 cycles) use. 5. The cyclic strength of the detachable butt joint of compound shells is entirely determined by the aforementioned factors and its level of stress under conditions of frictional interaction of the contact surfaces. 6. Strengthening of the contact surfaces of glass elements by chemical etching does not improve the joint; the bearing capacity of the compound spherical shell remains at the former level.

Structural bearing closure - with two lower straps forming mechanical link across butt joint with upper strap

Abstract: Structural bearing closure for covering and joining two plastic plates with a butt joint, for use in connections of a flat concrete roof with the walls or in bridge designs for expansion joints, consists of two lower straps which are bonded by an adhesive to the two ends of the plastic plates parallel to the butt joint The tops of these plates parallel to the butt joint The tops of these plates are burred which form a mechanical joint with the burred underside of an upper strap which is applied over both This closure protects the joint of the plates against the ingress of cement or grout and forms a reliable fixture

A study of the load distribution in a bolted joint

Abstract: The experimental results obtained on a Zig-Zag bolted butt joint loaded within the elastic range and beyond into the plastic range indicate that (i) the allowable load calculated on the basis of the prevalent code of practise is much lower than that actually carried by the test specimen (ii) the large portion of the load is carried through friction between the main and cover plates of the joint when loaded within the elastic and elastic plastic range (iii) the load is not equally distributed among the various rows of the bolts both in the elastic and plastic range.