Showing papers on "Capitalism published in 2019"
Book•
15 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this world of surveillance capitalism, profit depends not only on predicting but modifying our online behaviour as mentioned in this paper, which is the opposite of what we are concerned about in this paper, in this article.
Abstract: Society is at a turning point. The heady optimism that accompanied the advent of the Internet has gone, replaced with a deep unease as technology, capitalism and an unequal society combine to create the perfect storm. Tech companies are gathering our information online and selling it to the highest bidder, whether government or retailer. In this world of surveillance capitalism, profit depends not only on predicting but modifying our online behaviour. How will this fusion of capitalism and the digital shape the values that define our future?
1,825 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse data as a form of capital that is distinct from, but complementary to, human capital and argue that the collection and circulation of data is now a central element of increasingly more sectors of contemporary capitalism.
Abstract: The collection and circulation of data is now a central element of increasingly more sectors of contemporary capitalism. This article analyses data as a form of capital that is distinct from, but h...
372 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a history of private sector tracking technologies, examining how the advent of commercial surveillance centered around a logic of data capitalism, and how data capitalism is a system.
Abstract: This article provides a history of private sector tracking technologies, examining how the advent of commercial surveillance centered around a logic of data capitalism. Data capitalism is a system ...
220 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the changing nature of twenty-first-century capitalism with an emphasis on illuminating the political coalitions and institutional conditions that support and sustain it is explored, with a focus on the role of women.
Abstract: This article explores the changing nature of twenty-first-century capitalism with an emphasis on illuminating the political coalitions and institutional conditions that support and sustain it. Most...
167 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors offer a new perspective on the interrelated questions of globalized capitalism and anti-Blackness, and engage with current geographical work on the question of Blackness, highlig...
Abstract: This paper seeks to offer a new perspective on the interrelated questions of globalized capitalism and anti-Blackness. We engage with current geographical work on the question of Blackness, highlig...
151 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, a clear and concise language, Harvey describes the architecture of capital according to Marx, placing his observations in the context of capitalism in the second half of the nineteenth century, and considers the degree to which technological, economic and industrial change during the last 150 years means Marx's analysis and its application may need to be modified.
Abstract: Marx's Capital is one of the most important texts of the modern era. The three volumes, published between 1867 and 1883, changed the destiny of countries, politics and people across the world - and continue to resonate today. In this book, David Harvey lays out their key arguments.
In clear and concise language, Harvey describes the architecture of capital according to Marx, placing his observations in the context of capitalism in the second half of the nineteenth century. He considers the degree to which technological, economic and industrial change during the last 150 years means Marx's analysis and its application may need to be modified.
Marx's trilogy concerns the circulation of capital: volume I, how labour increases the value of capital, which he called valorisation; volume II, on the realisation of this value, by selling it and turning it into money or credit; volume III, on what happens to the value next in processes of distribution.
The three volumes contain the core of Marx's thinking on the workings and history of capital and capitalism. David Harvey explains and illustrates the profound insights and enormous analytical power they continue to offer in terms that, without compromising their depth and complexity, will appeal to a wide range of readers, including those coming to the work for the first time.
150 citations
03 Dec 2019
TL;DR: Wageless Life as discussed by the authors is a manifesto for building a future beyond the toxic failures of late-stage capitalism, with skills and tools for perceiving and living in a post-capitalist future.
Abstract: Drawing up alternate ways to “make a living” beyond capitalism Wageless Life is a manifesto for building a future beyond the toxic failures of late-stage capitalism. Daring to imagine new social relations, new modes of economic existence, and new collective worlds, the authors provide skills and tools for perceiving—and living in—a post-capitalist future.
115 citations
TL;DR: The Changing State of Gentrification (2001) by Jason Hackworth and the late Neil Smith is one of the most influential papers ever published in TESG and it changed the way we think about gentrification.
Abstract: ‘The Changing State of Gentrification’ (2001) by Jason Hackworth and the late Neil Smith is one of the most influential papers ever published in TESG. By introducing three waves, or periods, of practices and patterns of gentrification, it changed the way we think about gentrification. This Introduction to the Forum discusses the three waves introduced by Hackworth and Smith as well as fourth wave introduced by Lees et al. Finally, I will argue that during the global financial crisis we have entered fifth‐wave gentrification. Fifth‐wave gentrification is the urban materialisation of financialised or finance‐led capitalism. The state continues to play a leading role during the fifth wave, but is now supplemented – rather than displaced – by finance. It is characterised by the emergence of corporate landlords, highly leveraged housing, platform capitalism (e.g. Airbnb), transnational wealth elites using cities as a ‘safe deposit box’, and a further ‘naturalisation’ of state‐sponsored gentrification.
113 citations
TL;DR: Undergirded by the perspective of historical materialism in dialogue with black Marxism and Marxist feminism, the authors constructs an account demonstrating the significance of racism to the maki....
Abstract: Undergirded by the perspective of historical materialism in dialogue with black Marxism and Marxist feminism, this article constructs an account demonstrating the significance of racism to the maki...
Book•
05 Feb 2019
TL;DR: Iversen and Soskice as mentioned in this paper argue that advanced democracies are resilient, and their enduring historical relationship with capitalism has been mutually beneficial, and they show how democratic states continuously reinvent their economies through massive public investment in research and education, by imposing competitive product markets and cooperation in the workplace, and by securing macroeconomic discipline as the preconditions for innovation and promotion of the advanced sectors of the economy.
Abstract: It is a widespread view that democracy and the advanced nation-state are in crisis, weakened by globalization and undermined by global capitalism, in turn explaining rising inequality and mounting populism. This book, written by two of the world’s leading political economists, argues this view is wrong: advanced democracies are resilient, and their enduring historical relationship with capitalism has been mutually beneficial. For all the chaos and upheaval over the past century—major wars, economic crises, massive social change, and technological revolutions—Torben Iversen and David Soskice show how democratic states continuously reinvent their economies through massive public investment in research and education, by imposing competitive product markets and cooperation in the workplace, and by securing macroeconomic discipline as the preconditions for innovation and the promotion of the advanced sectors of the economy. Critically, this investment has generated vast numbers of well-paying jobs for the middle classes and their children, focusing the aims of aspirational families, and in turn providing electoral support for parties. Gains at the top have also been shared with the middle (though not the bottom) through a large welfare state. Contrary to the prevailing wisdom on globalization, advanced capitalism is neither footloose nor unconstrained: it thrives under democracy precisely because it cannot subvert it. Populism, inequality, and poverty are indeed great scourges of our time, but these are failures of democracy and must be solved by democracy.
TL;DR: Data assemblages amplify historical forms of colonization through a complex arrangement of practices, materialities, territories, bodies, and subjectivities as mentioned in this paper, and data-centric epistemologies should be u...
Abstract: Data assemblages amplify historical forms of colonization through a complex arrangement of practices, materialities, territories, bodies, and subjectivities. Data-centric epistemologies should be u...
TL;DR: For some critics of capitalism, the financial crisis which began in 2007 provided a conclusive answer to the question of "if" an unjust and inefficient economic system would come to an end as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: For some critics of capitalism, the financial crisis which began in 2007 provided a conclusive answer to the question of “if” an unjust and inefficient economic system would come to an end. The dow...
TL;DR: We are living in a time of unprecedented surveillance that is dramatically reshaping our world and us, says Shoshana Zuboff in a new book as discussed by the authors, which is called "A Time of Unprecedented Surveillance".
TL;DR: The proliferation of global value chains is portrayed in academic and policy circles as representing new development opportunities for firms and regions in the global south as mentioned in this paper, and the authors of this paper test the validity of the global value chain model.
Abstract: The proliferation of global value chains is portrayed in academic and policy circles as representing new development opportunities for firms and regions in the global south. This article tests thes...
Book•
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: The Age of Surveillance Capitalism as discussed by the authors is a deeply-reasoned examination of the threat of unprecedented power free from democratic oversight, and it exposes the struggles that will decide both the next chapter of capitalism and the meaning of information civilization.
Abstract: THE TOP 10 SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK OF THE YEAR ONE OF BARACK OBAMA'S TOP BOOKS OF THE YEAR Shortlisted for The Orwell Prize 2020 Shortlisted for the FT Business Book of the Year Award 2019 'Easily the most important book to be published this century. I find it hard to take any young activist seriously who hasn't at least familarised themselves with Zuboff's central ideas.' - Zadie Smith, The Guardian The challenges to humanity posed by the digital future, the first detailed examination of the unprecedented form of power called "surveillance capitalism," and the quest by powerful corporations to predict and control us. The heady optimism of the Internet's early days is gone. Technologies that were meant to liberate us have deepened inequality and stoked divisions. Tech companies gather our information online and sell it to the highest bidder, whether government or retailer. Profits now depend not only on predicting our behaviour but modifying it too. How will this fusion of capitalism and the digital shape our values and define our future? Shoshana Zuboff shows that we are at a crossroads. We still have the power to decide what kind of world we want to live in, and what we decide now will shape the rest of the century. Our choices: allow technology to enrich the few and impoverish the many, or harness it and distribute its benefits. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism is a deeply-reasoned examination of the threat of unprecedented power free from democratic oversight. As it explores this new capitalism's impact on society, politics, business, and technology, it exposes the struggles that will decide both the next chapter of capitalism and the meaning of information civilization. Most critically, it shows how we can protect ourselves and our communities and ensure we are the masters of the digital rather than its slaves.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the forces that are driving these developments and discuss the problems they pose at both the individual level and the national level, identifying the structural factors that exacerbate the problem of precarity and intensify its effects in the American political economy.
Abstract: The address situates the rise of “gig” work in the context of a much longer-term trend toward more precarious forms of employment. It explores the forces that are driving these developments and discusses the problems they pose at both the individual level and the national level. By situating the United States in a comparative perspective, it identifies the structural factors that exacerbate the problem of precarity and intensify its effects in the American political economy.
TL;DR: The authors consider how racial capitalism can be productively mobilized to extend contemporary work on settler colonial urbanism and argue that scholars interested in the latter have much to gain from the recent flourishing of geographical work on the former.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that state-dominated enterprises internationalize more (less) than privately owned enterprises in coordinated (liberal) market economies, whereas they exhibit an inconstant behavior in state-influenced market economies.
Abstract: This article sheds light on how the internationalization of state-owned enterprises is influenced by the state involvement in ownership and by the home country’s institutional settings. Integrating international business literature with the debate on the varieties of capitalism, we contend that state-dominated enterprises internationalize more (less) than privately owned enterprises in coordinated (liberal) market economies, whereas they exhibit an inconstant behavior in state-influenced market economies. Our analysis on a sample of enterprises pertaining to 20 OECD countries supports our hypotheses. This article adds to studies on the influence of institutions on firms’ internationalization and has implications for both managers and policymakers.
Book•
24 Sep 2019
TL;DR: Milanovic argues that capitalism has triumphed because it works as discussed by the authors. But it comes with a moral price, pushing us to treat material success as the ultimate goal, and it offers no guarantee of stability.
Abstract: A provocative account of capitalism's rise to global dominance and, as different models of capitalism vie for world leadership, a look into what the future may hold. We are all capitalists now. For the first time in human history, the globe is dominated by one economic system. In Capitalism, Alone, leading economist Branko Milanovic explains the reasons for this decisive historical shift since the days of feudalism and, later, communism. Surveying the varieties of capitalism, he asks: What are the prospects for a fairer world now that capitalism is the only game in town? His conclusions are sobering, but not fatalistic. Capitalism gets much wrong, but also much right-and it is not going anywhere. Our task is to improve it. Milanovic argues that capitalism has triumphed because it works. It delivers prosperity and gratifies human desires for autonomy. But it comes with a moral price, pushing us to treat material success as the ultimate goal. And it offers no guarantee of stability. In the West, liberal capitalism creaks under the strains of inequality and capitalist excess. That model now fights for hearts and minds with political capitalism, exemplified by China, which many claim is more efficient, but which is more vulnerable to corruption and, when growth is slow, social unrest. As for the economic problems of the Global South, Milanovic offers a creative, if controversial, plan for large-scale migration. Looking to the future, he dismisses prophets who proclaim some single outcome to be inevitable, whether worldwide prosperity or robot-driven mass unemployment. Capitalism is a risky system. But it is a human system. Our choices, and how clearly we see them, will determine how it serves us.
TL;DR: In this article, the fate of embedded neoliberal capitalism in the wake of the global financial crisis is analyzed focusing on the critical Hungarian case, and the changes include policies to combat foreign...
Abstract: Focusing on the critical Hungarian case, this article analyses the fate of embedded neoliberal capitalism in the wake of the global financial crisis. The changes include policies to combat foreign ...
01 Jul 2019
TL;DR: The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise of Crowd-Based Capitalism as discussed by the authors, by UN SUNDARARAJAN, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: The MIT Press, 2016. Pp. XIV, 240.
Abstract: The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise of Crowd-Based Capitalism, ARUN SUNDARARAJAN, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: The MIT Press, 2016. Pp. XIV, 240. $26.95.
01 Apr 2019
Book•
30 Aug 2019TL;DR: The role of the state in emerging economies is discussed in this paper, where the authors extend Comparative Capitalisms to the analysis of economic dynamics in large emerging economies, including China, India, Brazil, and South Africa.
Abstract: Introduction Chapter 1 Extending Comparative Capitalisms: A Framework for Analysis 1.1 Capitalist diversity and emerging economies 1.2 Extending Comparative Capitalisms research: Insertion into the world economy, external pressures and internal capacities 1.3 Extending Comparative Capitalisms research: The role of the state in emerging economies 1.4 Extending Comparative Capitalisms research: Coordination of state-business relations in emerging economies 1.5 Comparative Capitalisms extended: A framework for the analysis of economic dynamics in large emerging economies Chapter 2 China: A success story in economic growth 2.1 Contemporary Chinese capitalism: Global context and historical evolution 2.2 Coordination in the Chinese political economy 2.3 The institutional foundations of Chinese capitalism 2.4 Comparative advantages, institutional complementarities and contradictions of Chinese capitalism Chapter 3 India: Enduring state-permeation in spite of economic liberalization 3.1 Contemporary Indian capitalism between liberalism and protectionism 3.2 Coordination in the Indian political economy 3.3 The institutional foundations of Indian capitalism 3.4 Comparative advantages, institutional complementarities and contradictions of Indian capitalism Chapter 4 Brazil: On the way to becoming a state-led economy (again)? 4.1 Contemporary Brazilian capitalism in global context and historical evolution 4.2 Coordination in the Brazilian political economy 4.3 The institutional foundations of Brazilian capitalism 4.4 Comparative advantages, institutional complementarities and contradictions of Brazilian capitalism Chapter 5 South Africa: Destabilization through fragmentation? 5.1 Contemporary South African capitalism in global context and historical evolution 5.2 Coordination in the South African political economy 5.3 The institutional foundations of South African capitalism 5.4 Comparative advantages, institutional complementarities and contradictions of South African capitalism Chapter 6 The contours of state-permeated capitalism 6.1 The outcome: Growth in global perspective 6.2 Identifying the 'niche': Products for domestic consumption 6.3 Selective insertion into global capitalism 6.4 Institutional features of capitalism in large emerging economies 6.5 An ideal type of state-permeated capitalism Chapter 7 Perspectives and problems of state-permeated capitalism 7.1 From China to South Africa: Country divergences 7.2 Contingent global conjunctures: Further factors for SME success 7.3 Economic exhaustion? The resilience of state-permeated capitalism in difficult times 7.4 Political exhaustion? Inequality and the rise of the middle classes Conclusion
TL;DR: A significant proportion of critical agri-food literature has, to date, focused on the uneven relations of power between the Global North and the Global South, and the neoliberal characteristics of...
Abstract: A significant proportion of critical agri-food literature has, to date, focused on the uneven relations of power between the Global North and the Global South, and the neoliberal characteristics of...