Showing papers on "Cataloging published in 1969"

A regional medical library network.

Abstract: The raison d'etre for cooperative networks is discussed, and the development of the SUNY Biomedical Communication Network is traced briefly; a description of the system and its products is given. The cooperative cataloging program engaged in with the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine and the National Library of Medicine is described, as are the efforts of the Network in the production of regional and state-wide union lists of serials.

Bibliographic dimensions in information contol

Abstract: The materials of a library, exemplified by books, have traditionally been viewed as presenting two aspects involving two distinct problems: their description and control as unique items and their treatment as sources of information on various subjects. But this view has tended to overlook a third fundamental aspect: that of the works which are embodied in the materials and in turn embody the information. The paper discusses the meaning of this aspect and its implications in the control of information.

Serial Cataloging Revisited: A Long Search for a Little Theory and a Lot of Cooperation

Abstract: easily identify problems. But it quickly becomes evident that it is increasingly difficult to maintain a linear, "serial" approach to identifying such problems because while serial cataloging has problems of its own, it is always still involved with cataloging in general; with past, present, and future interpretations of the catalog; and with other bibliographical tools, both in and out of the local library. Therefore, while the catalog has its own functions to perform, it cannot escape still carrying on for the other tools should they fail to provide for local needs. And of course, today both problems and trends in all phases of librarianship are somewhat uncertainly noted because of the potential of automation in libraries.

The South Asian P.L. 480 Library Program, 1962–1968

Abstract: Since the end of World War II there has been a nation-wide burgeoning of academic interest in South Asia, that is to say, in India, Pakistan, Ceylon, and Nepal. The pioneering teaching and research program in South Asian Studies was established at the University of Pennsylvania in 1947 with substantial support from the Carnegie Corporation. This program comprised a balance of humanistic and social science studies supported by the teaching of the appropriate classical and modern languages of South Asia as tools of research. Concerted efforts were early made to acquire adequate library materials to support all aspects of the program. These efforts which involved direct contact with the highly disorganized Indian book trade were initially frustrating but eventually met with success. Problems of processing and cataloging followed on those of acquiring the books but by the end of the first decade Pennsylvania had what seemed then to be quite adequate library support for its pioneer program in South Asian studies.

Convergence toward common standards in machine-readable cataloging.

Abstract: The adoption of the MARC II format for the communication of bibliographic information by the three National Libraries of the USA makes it possible for those libraries to converge on the remaining necessary common standards for machine-readable cataloging Three levels of standards are identified: fundamental, the character set; intermediate, MARC II; and detailed, the codes for identifying data elements The convergence on these standards implies that the National Libraries can create and operate a Joint Bibliographic Data Bank requiring standard book numbers and universal serial numbers for identifying monographs and serials and that the system will thoroughly process contributed catalog entries before adding them to the Data Bank There is reason to hope that the use of the MARC II format will facilitate catalogers' decision processes

The Economic Goal of Library Automation

Abstract: AcADEMIC LIBRARIES are in crisis, and it appears that the larger the library, the larger the crisis. The major need for charting a course to a successful future is definition of fruitful objectives. Such objectives as library support of and coordination with its institution's programs are no longer sufficient; these rationalized goals of the past are inadequate for the future. To establish useful system objectives, much research must be done to determine needs of students and faculty.1 For instance, it has been customary for academic librarians to speak of faculty library use as though each faculty member has basically the same needs, but a recent Harvard report reveals that 65.7 per cent of the Harvard tenured faculty does not feel that the Harvard libraries are one of three most atb·active or three least ~ttractive ~fea­ tures of the Harvard environment. 2 Can it be that for two-thirds of the Harvard faculty the quality of the count y's largest university library system does not diHer significantly from that of other institutions?

The NLM current catalog.

Abstract: When the National Library of Medicine acquired a computer to augment its publication program, the intent was to present in one medium an index to journal articles and a catalog of books and new serial titles. The computer programs designed for indexing were unsatisfactory for cataloging, however; so two publications were issued, the Index Medicus and the NLM Current Catalog. The Current Catalog features separate name and subject sections, added volumes, and technical reports. The Express Cataloging Service was one of the first attempts to increase the speed and coverage of the Catalog. Shared cataloging with the Library of Congress, the Countway Library at Harvard, and the Upstate Medical Library in Syracuse, New York, have also contributed to the efforts toward improving this library service. An additional shared cataloging program, this time with the National Medical Audiovisual Center, is expected to be implemented shortly.

Catalogue of Early Books on Music: Before 1800

Abstract: Book cataloging books about music that were published before 1800. It lists them alphabetically by author and includes the title, call number, and physical description.

The need to standardize descriptive cataloging.

Abstract: Because there are too many ways to describe a book, its presence may not be discovered in a bibliography or catalog. Standardized descriptive cataloging is needed to solve this problem and also to eliminate wasteful duplication of cataloging. The Anglo-American Cataloging Rules and the COSATI Standard disagree on choice of main entry, and the Library of Congress does not follow the AACR all of the time. But the essence of standardized cataloging is widespread availability and general acceptance of the data, regardless of principles followed. Local adaptations in standard cataloging data are necesary, but those which affect all copies of a book, not just unique features of particular copies, must be made available for use by all libraries by correction of the standard cataloging data. The national structure for communicating standard cataloging data today is mainly printed tools, but tomorrow local library terminals on-line to a shared computer data bank may provide the instantaneous access needed. The problem of getting the wider community of library users to standardize their citation practices is more difficult to solve, but hope for improvement lies in making access to standard data easier.

Library networks: Cataloging and bibliographic aspects

Abstract: In The Future of the Research Library, Verner Clapp comments on the "two principles which have controlled the growth of libraries the principle of local self-sufficiency and the principle of sharing the resources." 1 It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that adherence to the principle of self-sufficiency is no longer economically feasible or rationally desirable for libraries. Pragmatic problems of spiralling costs of labor and material, physical problems of space, and intellectual concern over bibliographic control of the burgeoning information explosion all play their part in contributing to the demise of such an insular concept. Sharing in the guise of cooperation, centralization, regionalization is the "in" concept of the day. This concept is not new; shared resources through interlibrary loan, centralized cataloging through LC, and regional systems through state and other agencies have existed at varying levels for many years. Serendipitous development of such programs, however, no longer seems sufficient and the rapid growth of new technologies has given impetus to the development of the more sophisticated concept of networks. The computer, graphic display techniques, TWX hookups , and facsimile transmission all portend far more encompassing cooperative ventures than heretofore envisioned. To define precisely and with certainty what it is that distinguishes a network from the cooperative efforts we have known by other names in the past has proved to be a difficult task. Becker and Olsen who define a network in the broadest of terms in their survey, "Information Networks," refines the concept somewhat as it applies to information networks, but still admits that "since the network concept is very young, the terminology associated with it is still evolving, and some confusion regarding definitions must be expected." 2 When personal colleagues, both librarians and computer people, were asked to 31

Description of Manuscript Collections; A Single Network System.

Abstract: This system uses the Inventory/Guide and Cumulative Indexes for names:> subjects:~ and chronology. Name control normally is keyed to the file folder level:~ while subject and chronological control are keyed to the level of the manuscript group. The system capitalizes on the methodology of researchers:~ who normally will have associated names with special and personalized aspects of their subject prior to their using manuscript and archival materials. Name control becomes the key to specialized subject control. Narrative description is kept to a minimum, and is concentrated in the guide section of the IjG.

Independent Study Materials in Library Science Instruction.

Abstract: IN RECENT YEARS, educators have shown renewed interest in developing instructional materials that can be used effectively by those who cannot undertake full-time residential study in higher education. In 1963, the Carnegie Corporation granted $387,000 to the Extension Division of the University of Wisconsin to institute an Articulated Instructional Media program. The principal objective of AIM is to produce materials to be used in independent study courses that are offered off -campus for full academic credit. The Library School at Madison obtained a portion of this grant to develop independent study materials for its four core courses cataloging, reference, library materials, and library operations and management. This new program is "aimed at two major needs in library education: accessibility and improved instruction." * The program got underway with the appointment of Richard D. Walker as Project Course Specialist in January of 1965. John J. Boll, the school's specialist in cataloging and classification, worked with Mrs. Peggy O. Barry and Walker in preparing the materials for the cataloging course. During the fall semester of 1966, the initial sections of the course materials were distributed to a class in order to test the students' receptiveness to programed instruction and to solicit suggestions for improvement of the materials. By the following spring, the revised sections were ready to be tested in four parallel experimental situations. These materials consisted of a programed text, an index, a number of appendices, resumes of the materials programed, and a group of books Walker is an Associate Professor at the University of Wisconsin. This article is based on an unpublished report of the same title.

Time-shared computing. Implications for medical libraries.

Abstract: Many library data processing systems are unresponsive to the needs of librarians because of the necessity to batch-process transactions in a computer center. Such systems tend to be reportoriented rather than information-oriented with resultant problems in the timeliness of information. Time-shared computing permits multiple users to process jobs simultaneously through on-line interaction with the computer. Such systems offer to the librarian the advantages of immediate access to information, costs shared with other users, and direct man-machine interaction. This tutorial paper describes time-shared systems with applications in the library. Problems concerning the cost and present state-of-the-art of time-sharing are discussed.

A graphic catalog card index

Abstract: To improve accessibility and maintenance of art slides in the United States Military Academy Library at West Point, a model card with a graphic image of the slide was designed with pertinent identifying information displayed directly above a black‐and‐white opaque photo and also key‐punched into it. The card serves for ample comparison reference previous to handling the slides and can produce a subject‐arranged permuted index in book form. The latter permits access from the approach of form, geographic area, name, time of origin, artist, school, or style, etc. Some added advantages, common to other kinds of graphic collections, are detailed. Estimated costs of photo‐reproduction of original cards, various kinds of copies, and computer time and materials are listed. Future benefits from a consistent, unified cataloging system for graphic objects and the dissemination of this kind of information in a network structure are indicated as major goals.

Are We Bandwagoneers

Abstract: Brigham Young University Library has now some 800,000 volumes and consequently has had a committee examining the possi bility of converting to LC. The committee has searched the literature to attempt to find why the jump to the bandwagon la beled "USE LC." The usual answers found in the literature are those listed by Mr. Gaines in the July C & RL, to wit: "... (1) the possibilities for national cataloging, co operation, and automation; (2) economy; (3) greater suitability of LC; (4) speed; (5) inefficiency of Dewey; and (6) oppor tunity to reevaluate the collection. . . .'n Examination of these reasons leads to the following: automation: Mr. W. J. Welsh, associate director of the Processing Department of the Library of Congress tells us that even with automation, the usual records such as the printed card ser vice, DDC numbers supplied on the printed cards, etc., will still be available.2 Economy: economy in what way? If we consider Daniel Gore's idea that all we need are clerks to write the LC numbers onto the cards and books, then undoubtedly much economy will result, particularly since a professional cataloger would not be in volved.3 Again consider, does any library have the