Showing papers on "Concurrence published in 1996"

Product Market Competition, Wages and Productivity: International Evidence From Establishment-Level Data

Abstract: That greater product market competition has the potential to affect outcomes in labour and product markets is borne out by one of the key premises of standard economic theory which predicts that, all other things held constant, prices should be lower and efficiency enhanced by more competition. In this paper we test this notion by considering the relationship between product market competition and establishment-level wages and economic performance. We use two microeconomic data sources from Britain and Australia to consider this relationship. Our results find only a limited role for market competition to impact on wages and productivity. In British workplaces, labour productivity is not raised by more competition, whilst in Australia we can only find evidence of the conventionally expected positive impact in manufacturing workplaces. With respect to wages, the results are more consistent with the competition hypothesis, though effects are not that strong, with significant effects only being found for some of the skill groups within our samples of establishments. Hence, there is only limited support for the key hypothesis of interest that we consider. Concurrence des march?s, salaires et productivit? : Une ?tude sur des donn?es d'entreprises R?SUM?. - Une plus grande concurrence sur le march? des biens peut affecter les r?sultats observ?s sur le march? du travail et des biens, tel est le message de la Th?orie ?conomique standard qui pr?dit que, toutes choses ?gales par ailleurs, les prix devraient ?tre plus bas et l'efficacit? accrue par plus de concurrence. Dans ce papier, nous testons cette notion en consid?rant la relation entre la concurrence sur les march?s des biens, les salaires et la r?ussite ?conomique. Pour cela, nous utilisons deux ?chantillons d'entreprises, un de Grande-Bretagne, l'autre d'Australie. Nos r?sultats montrent que la concurrence sur les march?s a un impact limit? sur les salaires et la productivit?. Dans les entreprises anglaises, la productivit? du travail n'augmente pas sous l'effet de la concurrence, tandis qu'en Australie, cet impact attendu s'observe uniquement dans les industries manufacturi?res. En ce qui concerne les salaires, les r?sultats sont plus compatibles avec l'hypoth?se sur la concurrence, m?me si les effets ne sont pas forts, on trouve quelques effets significatifs pour quelques qualifications ? l'int?rieur de nos ?chantillons d'?tablissements. De ce fait, nos r?sultats n'apportent qu'un soutien mod?r? ? l'hypoth?se consid?r?e.

On a notion of concurrence

Abstract: In the paper Gaussian monoids with zero as a basis for modeling of concurrence and a kind of consistence are proposed and a notion of concurrent system is defined. The main idea is to replace the binary relation of concurrence defined on a set of activities (transitions in Petri nets, events etc.) by a more general notion of independence of multisets.