Showing papers on "Corchorus olitorius published in 2008"
92 citations
TL;DR: Spent engine oil has an adverse effect on the growth of C. olitorius plant and there was a general significant reduction in all the growth parameters in plants grown on contaminated soil compared to control plants.
39 citations
TL;DR: Both species were moderately tolerant of salt and osmotic stress, but nalta jute tolerated more stresses than redweed, suggesting that inhibition of germination in these species is mainly due to the hard seed coat.
Abstract: Nalta jute and redweed are widespread and significant broadleaf weed species of the tropics. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of these species. Light was not required for germination in either species. Germination was stimulated by seed scarification, suggesting that inhibition of germination in these species is mainly due to the hard seed coat. Scarified seeds of both species germinated over a wide range of alternating temperatures (25/15, 30/20, and 35/25 C). Both species were moderately tolerant of salt and osmotic stress, but nalta jute tolerated more stresses than redweed. Seedling emergence of nalta jute and redweed was greater than 87 and 93%, respectively, at soil depths of 0 to 2 cm but decreased as depth increased, with no emergence at 8 cm. Seedling emergence of both species was reduced by the addition of rice straw, though a high amount (4 to 6 t ha−1) of straw was required to suppress emerg...
22 citations
Journal Article•
17 citations
TL;DR: Grouping of jute accessions based on morphological and molecular data was highly correlated and will be useful in future jute breeding programs.
Abstract: With an aim to develop mapping population on fibre fineness trait, grouping of 16 selected jute accessions, eight each from Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis which showed promising agronomic characteristics, was carried out using fibre fineness data and DNA fingerprinting using SSR and RAPID primers. Based on fibre fineness trait two subgroups depicting the fine and coarse fibre yielding accessions were obtained in each species. A total of 26 RAPID primers and 22 pairs of SSR primers yielded 277 and 41 scorable bands, respectively. High level of polymorphism was detected between fine and coarse fibre yielding jute accessions. Dendrogram showed that all the accessions formed two main clusters between C. olitorius and C. capsularis and each main cluster subdivided in two clusters containing fine and coarse fibre jute accessions. RAPID and SSR marker data-sets showed high levels of positive correlation (Mantel test, r = 0.97). Grouping of jute accessions based on morphological and molecular data was highly correlated. This study will be useful in future jute breeding programs.
15 citations
TL;DR: The Japanese name “kurogare-byô” of Jew’s marrow for the present disease was coined because it was new to Japan, although it had already been reported in India and Bangladesh as black band of the plant.
Abstract: Stem rot and wilt of Jew’s marrow (nalta jute, Corchorus olitorius) were found on Is. Okinawa, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, in March 2000. An anamorphic fungus, Lasiodiplodia theobromae was isolated repeatedly from the diseased plants and demonstrated to cause the disease. We coined the Japanese name “kurogare-byo” of Jew’s marrow for the present disease because it was new to Japan, although it had already been reported in India and Bangladesh as black band of the plant.
13 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, an experiment was conducted at Barrackpore during 2003-2005 to find out suitable eco-friendly and remunerative integrated weed-control approaches for jute cv ‘JRO 524’ (Navin’).
Abstract: An experiment was conducted at Barrackpore during 2003–2005 to find out suitable eco-friendly and remunerative integrated weed-control approaches for jute cv ‘JRO 524’ (‘Navin’). Cultural, organic and integrated chemical weed-control methods were found better than conventional manual weeding twice. In cultural method, smothering of weeds by leafy vegetable mixtures [red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L., cv ‘Jabakusum’), white amaranth (Amarantus spp.) and summer radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv ‘Paus mula’] in jute, reduced the dry matter of weeds up to 45% when the field was dominated by grasses and broad-leaf weeds. This was followed by two manual weedings which gave 3.57 t/ha jute fibre (along with 2.9 t/ha red amaranth, 0.6 t/ha white amaranth and 0.7 t/ha summer radish, respectively). The organic approach, rice straw mulch @ 10 t/ha and mixed cropping with same vegetables, followed by one manual weeding produced 3.9 t/ha jute fibre (1.15, 0.64 and 0.94 t/ha red and white amaranth and summer radish, respectively). It reduced the dry matter of weeds by 68 to 82%. In integrated chemical approach, spray of quizalofop ethyl (DT50 < 1d) @ 60 g/ha + dhanuvit @ 0.5 to 0.6 l/ha (adjuvant) at 21 DAE combined with 1 hand weeding produced 3.87 t/ha jute fibre. The benefit: cost ratio from conventional, cultural, organic and chemical approaches was 1.50, 1.57, 2.19 and 1.66 respectively. The residue of quizalofop ethyl was found below the detectable limit (0.84 to 4.2 ppm) within 8 days of its application.
12 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this article, the structural, thermal and mechanical characterization of jute fibers extracted from the plants Corchorus capsularis and corchorus olitorius is discussed, particularly for anti-friction bearing applications.
Abstract: This chapter deals with the structural, thermal and mechanical characterization of jute fibers extracted from the plants Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius. The strength properties of jute fiber and its compatibility with polymers are excellent. Consequently, a spectrum of composites including jute-epoxy, jute-polyester, jute-phenol formaldehyde and jute-polypropylene, etc. have been developed and have found uses such as low cost housing elements, silos for grain storage and small fishing boats. Surface treatment of jute fibers and use of coupling agents strongly influence the tribological properties of jute fiber reinforced polymer composites. The chapter discusses the important issues related to the tribological behavior of jute-polymer composites, particularly for anti-friction bearing applications.
7 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of jute plant (Corchorus olitorius L.) on three soil-use types (viz; farmland soil, cocoa plantation soil and residential or home garden soil) treated with five nitrogen (N) levels: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg/ha respectively.
Abstract: This experiment was carried out in the green house at the College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Yewa Campus, to assess the performance of jute plant (Corchorus olitorius L.) on three soil-use types (viz; farmland soil, cocoa plantation soil and residential or home garden soil) treated with five nitrogen (N) levels: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg/ha respectively. The trial was laid out in a split-plot design arranged in a randomized complete block format with three replications. Data collected were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the significant means were compared with Least Significant Difference (LSD) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 1 or 5% probability. The results of the investigation showed that jute plant ( Corchorus olitorius L.) performed best in cocoa plantation soil, with application of 50 kg/ha N. Among the interaction effects, combined application of 50kg/ha of N- fertilizer on cocoa plantation soil gave the best vegetative growth and dry matter yield. Agro-Science Vol. 7 (1) 2008: pp. 78-84
6 citations
TL;DR: Results from a cDNA library constructed using poly A+ mRNA purified from 7-day old etiolated jute seedlings, including the complete open reading frame of the 60S acidic ribosomal protein P3 and a partial cDNA of Class I chitinase are discussed.
Abstract: Analysis of the genome of jute (Corchorus olitorius) was done by creating a new cDNA library of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in pBluescript as the previous libraries reported earlier in this journal yielded only small DNA fragments from chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA. This report discusses results from a cDNA library constructed using poly A+ mRNA purified from 7-day old etiolated jute seedlings. Out of 700 recombinant plasmids obtained, 250 were analyzed using WU-BLAST (www.arabidopsis.org) for similar EST sequences in Arabidopsis thaliana and other higher plants. So far the analysis of the library has yielded several significant sequences, including the complete open reading frame of the 60S acidic ribosomal protein P3 and a partial cDNA of Class I chitinase. These results and future EST sequences from this library will be made available in Genbank and the sequence information will be used to clone full length DNA through PCR.
6 citations
TL;DR: The aerenchyma of waterlogged H. cannabinus roots may contribute to the waterlogging tolerance of tropical cordage fiber crops, and Casparian bands were found in both endodermis and exoderm is of taproot in all the three species.
Abstract: Waterlogging tolerance of tropical cordage fiber crops is an important agricultural subject in northeast Thailand, because they are often grown in dry-wet transition period as pre-rice crops. Since root anatomical characteristics are often considered to be important traits determining waterlogging tolerance of plants, we examined root anatomy of three fiber crops that are different in waterlogging tolerance one another. Seedlings of three cordage fiber crops, Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf, cv. KhonKaen60), Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle, Thai kenaf, cv. NonSoong2) and Corchorus olitorius (jute, cv. KhonKaen1), were grown in tall beakers of 1000 ml vermiculite with 40% v/v (control) and 80% v/v (waterlogging) water contents. It is known that the H. cannabinus cultivar is tolerant to waterlogging while other two species (C. olitorius, H. sabdariffa) cultivars are sensitive to waterlogging from soil-grown pot experiments in northeast Thailand. Ten days after sowing, freehand cross-sections of taproot (i.e., prima...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, AAU, Nagaon, Assam during 2005 and 2006 under rainfed conditions to study the effect of combined application of chemical fertilizers, bio-fertilizer and FYM on soil nutrient status, fibre yield and mineral nutrition of tossa jute as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, AAU, Nagaon, Assam during 2005 and 2006 under rainfed conditions to study the effect of combined application of chemical fertilizers, bio-fertilizer and FYM on soil nutrient status, fibre yield and mineral nutrition of tossa jute. Application of 50% reduced dose of N and P fertilizer along with inoculation of seed with bio-fertilizer (Azotobacter and PSB) produced similar fibre yield and gave higher net return, B:C ratio and also improved soil nutrient status as compared to application of 100% recommended NPK fertilizer. Similarly, addition of FYM @ 3t/ha along with 50% recommended NP fertilizer and bio-fertilizer had further increased the fibre yield, income and soil nutrient status as compared to application of 100% recommended NPK fertilizer along with FYM
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A field experiment was conducted during 2005-06 and 2006-07 in the experimental farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Shillongani, Nagaon, Assam to study the effect of different chemical and cultural methods of weed control in tossa jute on fibre yield and economics of weed management practices.
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during 2005-06 and 2006-07 in the experimental farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Shillongani, Nagaon, Assam to study the effect of different chemical and cultural methods of weed control in tossa jute on fibre yield and economics of weed management practices. Among all the methods of weed management, cultural method of weed control by two hand weeding (at 3 and 5 WAS) resulted the tallest plant height, basal diameter, lowest dry weight of weeds by the jute crop which ultimately resulted the highest fibre yield. Another cultural management viz. mulching with locally available cheap organic waste (wheat straw) @ 10 t/ha recorded the second highest fibre yield which was only 4.3 per cent lower than the highest fibre yield. Among chemical control method Quizalofop ethyl @ 50g ai/ha + adjuvant @ 1ml/lit of water (21 days post emergence) + one hand weeding recorded the highest fibre yield. The highest net return and B:C ratio was recorded under mulching with locally available cheap organic waste (wheat straw) @ 10 t/ha treatment. Second highest B:C ratio was obtained under Intercropping of jute + red amaranthus treatment followed by Quizalofop ethyl @ 50g ai/ha + adjuvant @ 1ml/lit of water (21 days post emergence) + one hand weeding treatment. There was no residual effect of weed control treatments on toria yield.