Showing papers on "Delegation published in 1981"

The end of liberalism : the second republic of the United States

Abstract: The main argument which Lowi develops through this book is that the liberal state grew to its immense size and presence without self-examination and without recognizing that its pattern of growth had problematic consequences. Its engine of growth was delegation. The government expanded by responding to the demands of all major organized interests, by assuming responsibility for programs sought by those interests, and by assigning that responsibility to administrative agencies. Through the process of accommodation, the agencies became captives of the interest groups, a tendency Lowi describes as clientelism. This in turn led to the formulation of new policies which tightened the grip of interest groups on the machinery of government.

Ming and Qing historical studies in the People's Republic of China

Abstract: This volume is the product of an official delegation of U.S. historians who visited the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the summer of 1979. Ten specialists were sent to China for a four-week trip under the auspices of the Committee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China. Their report is thorough, well arranged for use as a reference tool and was published in a timely fashion. The first section describes the delegation's travel itinerary with emphasis on visits to important academic centers and historical sites. The second, and probably the most useful part, discusses the libraries and archives with names of key personnel and indications of the institutions' holdings. A third section reviews the approaches used by PRC historians about several key issues in Ming-Qing history, and an epilogue indicates publication plans and research opportunities.

Delegation to nurses in general practice.

Abstract: A random sample of general practitioners and their nursing staff was interviewed to examine the extent to which the doctors delegated medical tasks to the nurses and to analyse attitudes towards delegation. A significant minority of both doctors and nurses were reluctant to have minor clinical tasks delegated and a majority did not think that nurses should carry out delegated diagnostic procedures. Doctors and nurses who had completed their training since 1960 were more likely to favour delegation than those who had completed their training before 1960. This suggests that delegation may become more common. However, the finding that there is considerable opposition to delegation and that this opposition is often based on feelings of professional threat suggests that many doctors may not be ready to experiment with ways of expanding the nurse's role in general practice.

The Productivity of Legislators' Tenure: A Case of Lacking Evidence

Abstract: W. Mark Crain and Robert Tollison2 have recently built upon the insights of George Stigler3 to reason that the influence of a state's delegation on public policy outcomes should be related to the total time that the state's delegation has spent in Congress. Using the proportions of federal expenditures on selected intergovernmental grants across states in 1972 as their measure of public policy outcomes, they regress it against two explanatory variables: the total tenure of the state's house and senate delegations. Their results show a very strong positive effect of the tenure of the house delegation and no significant effect of the senate delegation. The powerlessness of the senate delegation is explained by the "constitutional primacy over money bills" possessed by the House. Extending their analyses, Crain and Tollison reason that the productivity of congressional tenure should be subject to diminishing returns and that the logarithms of the seniority variables4 should therefore be better

Workers Control Over the Organization of Work: French and English Maintenance Workers in Mass Production Industry

Abstract: This article is concerned with the theory of joint control, and seeks to indicate the power relationships between participants in the organization of work. It is based on a compari son of monographs about similar French and English factories and shows the effects of trade union regulation (which is more powerful in England) on the division and pace of work among workers engaged in maintenance. It establishes that English maintenance workers sustain a stricter demarcation in favour of skilled men, and that they have preserved a monopoly over the greater part of the jobs requiring any sort of skill and strongly resist delegation of these jobs to their mates, to process workers, or to contractors' men. The article goes on to show that the English workers are more successful in resisting nonstop working and thus in preserving relatively large opportuni ties for overtime.

Anthropology and policy studies: a new delegation enters the u.n. of academe

Abstract: Like all participating academic disciplines, anthropologists entering the policy studies field face a series of “unsolvable” problems that deal with intellectual values about how to ply one's trade. For example, what are one's obligations to agencies, and to the intended clienteles of public policies, especially when the citizens are “havenots” up against well-organized economic interests? Such questions raised by anthropologists in this volume allow one to assess the options available to applied social scientists studying public policy issues. They also lead us to recognize the existing biases of doing policy studies research. While weighing the propriety of doing applied research, anthropologists do possess critical concepts and research methods essential to the policy sciences. With a grounding in process or temporally-based concepts like “culture, context, and symbol,” applied anthropologists will strengthen the study of policy implementation. Further, with qualitative methods gaining a strong foothold in the policy sciences, anthropologists are contributing to the refinement of methods for studying the organizational behavior of actors charged with the implementation of public policy. Moreover, anthropologists in this volume demonstrate their discipline's potential to break new ground in the policy sciences. Specifically, the world view of anthropologists is likely to add a comparative, crosscultural perspective to existing areas of concentration like public health, and to increase the range of issues of interest to the policy sciences. Also, anthropologists are already developing new units of analysis different from the aggregation of individual scores, and adding new social indicators that are group or culturally grounded. In short, the policy sciences will be enhanced by anthropologists as they bring the strengths of their discipline to bear on the field.

Presidential Succession and Delegation in Case of Disability

Abstract: [The following m em orandum discusses issues relating to presidential succession and dele­ gation o f presidential power in the event o f a tem porary disability o f the President. It examines the mechanism established by the T w enty-F ifth Am endment by w hich the Vice President assumes the powers and duties o f the Office o f the President, and the conditions under which the President resumes his Office after his disability is ended. It also examines the circumstances in w hich the President may delegate his powers to o ther officials, including the Vice President, when it is not considered necessary or appropriate to invoke the provisions o f the T w enty-F ifth Amendment. It concludes that functions vested in the President by the C onstitution are generally not delegable and must be perform ed by him; how ever, any pow er vested in the President by statute may be delegated to subordinate officers, unless the statute affirmatively prohibits such delegation. Finally, the m emorandum briefly reviews the form and m ethod o f delega­ tion. An appendix contains a historical summary o f prior presidential disabilities and the resulting effect on presidential authority.]

Vegetable farming systems in China : report of the visit of the Vegetable Farming Systems Delegation to China

Abstract: Vegetable farming systems in China :report of the visit of the Vegetable Farming Systems Delegation to China , Vegetable farming systems in China :report of the visit of the Vegetable Farming Systems Delegation ... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی