Showing papers on "Destinations published in 1995"

Tourist Destination Management: Issues, Analysis, and Policies

Abstract: Issues in analyzing and managing tourist destinations tourists' destination choices and experiences the effects of tourism marketing tourist destinations.

Strategic planning for sustainable tourism: the case of the offshore islands of the UK.

Abstract: In the northern hemisphere a number of destinations have experienced a decline in tourism volume due to both the emergence of competitive destinations elsewhere and also their own failure to comprehend changing market trends. This paper analyses the particular vulnerability of small island destinations in the decline stage of the tourist area life cycle. In particular the benefits and procedures of strategic planning are analysed and the barriers to the adoption of strategic planning at tourism destinations discussed. The offshore islands of the UK are used to evaluate how the stages of strategic planning have developed and been adopted by the public sector and a framework is provided to allow the various approaches to be located.

Crime in New Tourism Destinations: The Mall of America

Abstract: Mass tourism has resulted in the largest scale movement of goods, services and people in world history. Tourists' safety and security have become of primary importance. This research presents a preliminary investigation of the general characteristics of crime at, and near, the Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota, America's largest mall. This recreation/shopping destination has quickly evolved into an international destination attracting an estimated 40 million visitors per year. Crime rates did increase with the building of the Mall of America. It does, however, account for less than 11 percent of monthly crime calls in the City of Bloomington. Furthermore, when compar­ ing crime indexes of other cities, the Mall as a \"city\" would have a much lower crime rate than other places of comparable population.

Promoting Sportfishing Development in Puerto Rico: Travel Agents' Perceptions of the Caribbean

Abstract: Tourist development often depends on the development of specific tourist activities (e.g., sportfishing), combined with new and creative approaches to promoting areas as tourist destinations. Travel agents occupy crucial positions in this process, acting as information brokers between tourists and tourist destinations. Their perceptions of tourist destinations influence their promotion behaviors. Methods that model perceptions using judged similarity and belief-frame comparison data, such as multidimensional scaling, optimal scaling and clustering analysis, are particularly useful in gaining information about how travel agents think about tourist destinations. Such methods may also facilitate attempts to promote one destination over another. We present these methods in this article, illustrating how they were applied to the promotion of sportfishing in Puerto Rico as one portion of an overall effort of fisheries development in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands.

Accessibility and mobility conditions, and tourist development: The case of Southern Italy

Abstract: Southern Italy (2) is a multiform and atypical system in the Italian tourist economy. According to a general image, one of its main features is the extensiveness and quality of the region's natural resources, especially the coastal areas, attractions which traditionally make the macroregion known essentially as a destination for “suns the diffusion and, often, the persistence of social‐cultural traditions that resist the influence of modernisation, are today—just as they were at the time of the Grand Tour—factors of strong appeal for the Southern regions. Today, the “capital cities” in Southern Italy are the main historical destinations of the early years of tourism, especially for foreign demand: besides Naples and Palermo, cities such as Taormina, Sorrento, Capri and Ischia, or destinations of cultural tourism such as Agrigento and Siracusa stand out.

Scientific modeling: round trips to many destinations

Abstract: To understand modern science we cannot talk merely about theories. We must recognize the indispensable role of models. By theories we mean basic theories in physics, as described in scientific textbooks. Each basic theory describes a separate aspect of physical reality: movement under forces, gravity, electricity and magnetism, heat phenomena, and the like. Interactions described by basic theories are universal, that is, they apply to every element of physical reality. Every two elements of mass attract each other with the force described by the theory of gravity. However small is that force, however small or remote are the masses, the theory assigns that force some value, even if it is non-measurably small. Empirical verification of statements about individual interactions between concrete objects is difficult not only because the effects caused by a particular interaction may be non-measurable, but also because we cannot measure a selected interaction, but rather a resultant of many interactions, some of them we may not even know. Physical systems are usually too complex to be effectively described by application of a single theory. In most cases the observed behavior can be only explained when we consider many interactions by combining different theories, applying them jointly to a complex structure. Even if basic theories are universal, they are difficult to discover from complex interactions. Fortunately, scientists notice or create very simple systems, that lead to discovery of individual interactions. The history of science demonstrates on numerous cases that theories have been developed in result of empirical investigation of simple, one-sided systems, in which the phenomena transcending a given theory were practically insignificant. In the majority of physical situations, however, several theories must be applied simultaneously. For those situations the scientists construct models. We will describe model construction in the next sections. Here we only briefly indicate that a model consists primarily of (1) an idealized structure representing spatiotemporal objects, interactions and processes, and (2) a system of equations that represent quantitative reintions in the system and phenomenon being modeled. Each component of the idealized system has its counterpart in one or few terms that occur as pieces of equations. The mapping between the idealized physical system and the physical world tells which physical entities (bodies, waves, fields) we decided to consider and how we decided to represent them (material points, rigid spheres, and the like), and what objects, interactions and processes we believe are relevant to the modeled phenomenon. To further contrast theories with models, let us compare the scopes of application and empirical verification of basic theories and models. A good model of O is empirically confirmed by direct measurements of O, when it captures all the important interactions. A basic theory can rarely be directly verified because it describes only one type of interactions while neglecting all other, no matter how significant they axe in given situation. In different sense, however, each basic theory applies universally, because for each object it describes a particular interaction. We are unable to demonstrate this universal claim by a direct empirical verification, but it is confirmed indirectly in each model in which we use given theory to describe that particular interaction.