Showing papers on "Dietary Polyphenol published in 2015"

Estimated Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Major Food and Beverage Sources among Elderly Japanese

Abstract: Estimating polyphenol intake contributes to the understanding of polyphenols’ health benefits. However, information about human polyphenol intake is scarce, especially in the elderly. This study aimed to estimate the dietary intake and major sources of polyphenols and to determine whether there is any relationship between polyphenol intake and micronutrient intake in healthy elderly Japanese. First, 610 subjects (569 men, 41 women; aged 67.3 ± 6.1 years) completed food frequency questionnaires. We then calculated their total polyphenol intake using our polyphenol content database. Their average total polyphenol intake was 1492 ± 665 mg/day, the greatest part of which was provided by beverages (79.1%). The daily polyphenol intake differed largely among individuals (183–4854 mg/day), also attributable mostly to beverage consumption. Coffee (43.2%) and green tea (26.6%) were the major sources of total polyphenol; the top 20 food items accounted for >90%. The polyphenol intake did not strongly correlate with the intake of any micronutrient, suggesting that polyphenols may exert health benefits independently of nutritional intake. The polyphenol intake in this elderly population was slightly higher than previous data in Japanese adults, and beverages such as coffee and green tea contributed highly to the intake.

Comparison of various databases for estimation of dietary polyphenol intake in the population of polish adults

Abstract: The primary aim of the study was to estimate the consumption of polyphenols in a population of 6661 subjects aged between 20 and 74 years representing a cross-section of the Polish society, and the second objective was to compare the intakes of flavonoids calculated on the basis of the two commonly used databases. Daily food consumption data were collected in 2003–2005 using a single 24-hour dietary recall. Intake of total polyphenols was estimated using an online Phenol-Explorer database, and flavonoid intake was determined using following data sources: the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) database combined of flavonoid and isoflavone databases, and the Phenol-Explorer database. Total polyphenol intake, which was calculated with the Phenol-Explorer database, was 989 mg/day with the major contributions of phenolic acids 556 mg/day and flavonoids 403.5 mg/day. The flavonoid intake calculated on the basis of the USDA databases was 525 mg/day. This study found that tea is the primary source of polyphenols and flavonoids for the studied population, including mainly flavanols, while coffee is the most important contributor of phenolic acids, mostly hydroxycinnamic acids. Our study also demonstrated that flavonoid intakes estimated according to various databases may substantially differ. Further work should be undertaken to expand polyphenol databases to better reflect their food contents.

The chemical composition of selected dried fruit pomaces and their effects on the growth performance and post-slaughter parameters of young turkeys

Abstract: The objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis that add- ing dried fruit pomaces differing in their polyphenol contents to diets for young turkeys does not compromise bird performance. Young turkeys aged up to 15 weeks were fed diets containing a cellulose preparation (C) or 5% dried apple pomace (AP), blackcurrant pomace (BCP), strawberry pomace (SP), or seed- less strawberry pomace (SSP). The crude protein content of AP was 6.64% and exceeded 15% in the remaining pomaces. In comparison with soyabean meal protein, the value of the essential amino acid index was lowest in AP (78.6%), higher in SP and SSP (approximately 85%) and highest in BCP (93.4%). The crude fat content ranged from 2.63% in AP to 13.8% in BCP, whereas the di- etary fibre content was found to be in the range of 56.5% in AP to 62.9% in SP. AP, BCP, SP and SSP were characterized by different polyphenol con- centrations: 5.75, 12.43, 11.51 and 32.81 g · kg -1 of gallic acid, respectively. Dietary inclusion of 5% of dried fruit pomaces that increased the polyphenol content of the experimental diets by a maximum of 0.3 g · kg -1 relative to the control diet did not affect feed intake at the beginning or at the end of the feeding trial. In comparison with the cellulose-supplemented diet, the inclusion of fruit pomaces that increased the dietary polyphenol content did not impair the growth performance of turkeys or feed conversion. Production parameters, including slaughter results, were not affected by the higher polyphenol content or the higher antioxidant potential of blackcurrant and strawberry pomaces, compared with apple pomace.