Showing papers on "Embedment published in 1986"

Retaining wall construction element

Abstract: A cast concrete construction element particularly suitable for use in constructing a retaining wall for a soil mass. The construction element includes a face panel in the form of a rectangular prismatic solid. Extending rearwardly from the face panel is an embedment beam which will extend into and engage firmly with the soil mass. The embedment beam includes a sloping rearward wall to penetrate the soil mass, pan inserts and grooves to increase frictional resistance with the soil mass. The embedment beam also includes notches for interengagement with support beams in the soil mass. The embedment beam may take a variety of configurations which may be used to construct differing retaining wall arrays.

Substrateless decorative embedded article and method of making

Abstract: A plastic-capped decorative article and method of manufacture are provided. The article includes a plastic cap which is applied over a decorated embedment positioned on a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive and then cured. Optionally, the upper surface of the adhesive may be treated to render its substantially tack free and suitable for printing thereon prior to the application of the plastic cap.

Side weld plate for concrete slabs

Abstract: A side weld plate for joining adjacent concrete slabs together by welding. An elongated body is provided having a body section for embedment in a concrete slab and a flange section for positioning adjacent an edge of the concrete slab. The flange surface provides upon embedment of the body section in the concrete slab, an exposed weld surface which allows for adjacent concrete slabs also having a side weld plate to be welded together.

Three‐Dimensional Motion of Buried Pipeline. II: Numerical Results

Abstract: Using the analysis presented in the accompanying paper (Part I) numerical results showing the dynamic stresses (circumferential and axial) in buried pipe are presented. Incident plane seismic waves considered are: longitudinal (P), vertically (SV), and horizontally (SH) polarized shear, and Rayleigh (R) waves. Results show significant dependence on depth of embedment, properties of the surrounding ground, and frequency and wavelength of the incident wave.

Embedding cablelike members

Abstract: An embedding apparatus for optionally cutting through different densities of soil and rock in order to embed cable in a waterbed. The apparatus comprises a low pressure jet assembly for cutting into the soil, a rock-cutting assembly with teeth for cutting into soft rock; a rock-embedment depressor with a rotary saw blade assembly for cutting into relatively harder rock; and a depth sensor device. The low pressure jet assembly is part of a pivotal soil embedment depressor and liquifies the soil without any permanent soil displacement. The rock embedment depressor is selectively attachable to the soil embedment depressor, and has jets connected to a source of pressurized fluid to provide an hydraulic cushion thereunder and to clear the rock debris for the embedment of the cable.

Plastic cage for a rolling bearing

Abstract: A cage for retaining rolling elements within a bearing assembly, the cage comprising an annular member of plastic having openings spaced around the member for receiving and holding the rolling elements, the surfaces of the openings contacting the rolling elements having thereon a deposited layer of a non-plastic material which is much harder than the soft plastic and is capable of resisting the embedment of loose particles therein. The layer hard material is formed by ionic spray discharge or ion implanation and consists of chromium nitride.

The effects of embedment depth, soil properties, and post type on the performance of highway guardrail post. interim report

Abstract: The objective of this research study was to determine if the current guardrail design could be modified to achieve the necessary strength when full post embedment could not be achieved. The purpose of this report was to assess the effects of post type, soil conditions, and embedment depth on the load-deformation characteristics of the guardrail post. With this information, it is believed that a successful guardrail can be designed using more post with less than a full 38 in. embedment. Posts with only 18 in. or 24 in. embedment could be used at the 3 ft-1 1/2 in. spacing and still produce the required strength, for example. A series of static load tests were conducted on timber and steel posts embedded 18 in., 24 in., 30 in., and 38 in. in two different soils to determine the effects of post type, soil conditions, and embedment depth on the amount of energy dissipated by the soil. The results of these field tests were used to verify a mathematical model which could be used to predict guardrail post load capacity.

Hydronic heating system

Abstract: A hydronic heating system that includes a tube or series of tubes placed on modular composite panels. The panels are fabricated with a grooved surface to permit the flush embedment of the tubes on the panels.

Optical Fiber Coating Evaluations for Composite Embedment Applications

Abstract: An emerging growth market for integrated optic devices and data transmission is in non-metallic composite aircraft structures. There is a regional need to identify optical fiber coatings which are suitable for embedment in composite structures. This paper assesses fibers with various coatings for the following: 1) critical structural test performance, 2) reproducibility, and 3) low attenuation when subjected to representative manufacturing and service conditions. A brief discussion of follow-on system verification tests, and an overview of desirable fiber and coating developments to meet future application requirements are also included.

Techniques in Experimental Stress Analysis for Reinforced Concrete Structures

Abstract: Procedures for the measurement of reinforcement strains in reinforced concrete structures are discussed. A technique is described which uses electric resistance strain gauges installed in a milled duct within the reinforcement to avoid degredation of the steel/concrete interface. Details of experimental work using this technique are given and typical results presented to demonstrate its successful performance. The use of embedment strain gauges to measure strains in the concrete is also described. Future developments are indicated.

Drag embedment anchors

Abstract: A drag embedment anchor of very high holding power of fixed configuration comprising of a shank, anhedral fluke, a pair of anhedral terrafins in Mooring Anchor form, and with destabiliser bar or bars attached to the shank in Bower Anchor form, and both forms constructed of flat plate and rod or tube, round in cross section. Wherein the shank has more than one lateral shank plate parallel to the medial plane, there is a transverse shank plate normal and symetrical to the medial plane, at the extreme end, ahead of the cable shackle point and lying in a plane parallel or converging with the plane of the fluke.

Ultimate resistance of vertical plate anchors in clay

Abstract: Laboratory model test results for the ultimate pullout resistance of vertical square anchors embedded in saturated or near saturated clay have been presented. The undrained shear strength of the clay and the embedment ratio of the anchors have been varied. Based on the model test results, an empirical parametric relationship for estimation of the ultimate pullout resistance of shallow and deep square anchors has been presented.

Time-dependent Properties of Embedment Soils Back-calculated from Deflections of Buried Pipes

Abstract: The viscoelastic solution which can model time-dependent soil-pipe interaction was transformed from a linearelastic solution using the 'correspondence principle' is presented. A method is now available by which the relaxation modulus of the soil surrounding a pipe can be back-calculated from the pipe deflections which have been measured over a period of time. Since the relaxation properties of the pipe material can be obtained easily from the laboratory or from published data, the pipe deflection caused by the relaxation of the pipe material under a constant load can be calculated. The relaxation modulus of the surrounding soil can then be calculated from the remaining deflection which is contributed by the relaxation of the soil. Relaxation moduli and compaction level of the sandy soils surrounding six pipes were back-calculated from pipe deflections obtained over a twelve year period using the viscoelastic solution. The method presented here suggests an in situ measurement technique which is capable of determining the viscoelastic properties of soil.

Soil-Structure Interaction in Seismic Environments

Abstract: Soil-structure interaction depends on the mass, stiffness and the damping of the structure as well as on the geometry and embedment of the foundation and on the properties of the soil. The total response of the structure will on the other hand be essentially influenced by the frequency content of the loading. In this paper, the structure embedded on a layer on top of a half-space is excited by an earthquake. The motion of the earthquake is assumed to arise from vertically incident SV-waves. Using the substructure method the structure is discretized by FEM, the subgrade by BEM. The two parts of the motion, i. e. the kinematic and inertial part, are given separately to show the influence of the scattered field. Results are calculated in frequency and time domain.