Showing papers on "Gibbs–Duhem equation published in 1972"

Chemical Thermodynamics: Basic Theory and Methods

Abstract: Partial table of contents: Mathematical Preparation for Thermodynamics. Enthalpy, Enthalpy of Reaction, and Heat Capacity. Application of the First Law to Gases. The Second Law of Thermodynamics. Equilibrium and Spontaneity for Systems at Constant Temperature: The Free Energy Functions. Application of the Gibbs Free Energy Function to Some Phase Changes. The Third Law of Thermodynamics. Application of the Gibbs Free Energy Function to Chemical Changes. Thermodynamics of Systems of Variable Composition. Mixtures of Gases. The Ideal Solution. Dilute Solutions of Nonelectrolytes. Activities and Standard States for Nonelectrolytes. Calculation of Partial Molar Quantities from Experimental Data: Volume and Enthalpy. Determination of Nonelectrolyte Activities. Activity, Activity Coefficients, and Osmotic Coefficients of Strong Electrolytes. Index.

New integration of the Gibbs-Duhem equation and thermodynamics of Pr-Zn alloys

Abstract: A new method for integrating the Gibbs-Duhem equation has been developed which lends considerable versatility to the types of curves or functions which can be integrated to yield data for a second component in a binary alloy solution. The area under curves ofX iYi vsX i, whereY iis any excess partial molar quantity andX iis the mole fraction of componenti, can be employed to evaluate the excess partial molar quantities of the second component. These curves must go to zero atX i = 1 andX i = 0, with a slope of zero atX i= 1 and a slope equal toY iatX i = 0. This procedure was applied to an analysis of the thermo-dynamic properties of liquid Pr-Zn alloys. The results obtained indicate that for this system thea function or △Gxs Zn/(1-X Zn)2 goes to zero atX i = 1 and that previous extrapolations of thea function in the composition range ofX Zn= 0.9 to 1.0 were erroneous.