Showing papers on "Heat exchanger published in 1972"

Energy conversion system

Abstract: An energy conversion system, particularly for use in heating, cooling, and generating electrical and mechanical power for an area such as a dwelling. In one embodiment, vapor is alternately directed into one of two reservoir tanks so that working fluid in that tank is forced out of that tank by the vapor pressure and through a hydraulic motor, which powers a compressor and/or other devices such as an electrical power generator, garbage disposal, etc., before it returns to refill the other tank. The system includes a closed loop circuit involving a heat pump compressor for circulating fluid to heat and cool air within a building or the like. When the loop is set in a cooling configuration, compressed fluid passes through a first heat exchanger rejecting heat, and then through an expansion valve to a second heat exchanger, cooling the air about that exchanger before returning to the compressor. When the loop is set in a heating configuration, the compressed fluid in its gaseous state passes first through the second heat exchanger, where it transmits heat to the surrounding air, through the expansion valve and then through the first exchanger, where it receives heat not converted into shaft work by the hydraulic motor before returning to the compressor.

Rotating electrical machine having rotor and stator cooled by means of heat pipes

Abstract: A polyphase induction motor having a rotor and a stator, each having heat pipes incorporated therein, is disclosed. The stator is comprised of a stack of laminations having radial slots therein which contain heat pipes as well as electrical conductors. The stator heat pipes are located in the stator slots and extend axially to a remote location beyond the stator and the rotor. The stator heat pipes contain wicks and contain a twophase fluid coolant. The rotor is also comprised of a stack of laminations with radial slots located in the outer periphery thereof. Heat pipes are incorporated in the rotor slots and, like the heat pipes in the stator slots, extend axially to a remote location beyond the rotor and the stator. The rotor heat pipes also serve as electrical conductors as well as heat exchangers for cooling the rotor. Thus, all of the rotor heat pipes are electrically interconnected by end rings located at the axial extremities of the rotor. The rotor heat pipes also contain a two-phase fluid coolant. However, because centrifugal force promotes condensate return within the rotor heat pipes wicks need not be used in the rotor heat pipes. Cooling fins are provided on those sections (condenser sections) of the heat pipes which extend axially beyond the rotor and the stator thereby forming air heat exchangers. Moreover, the fins on the moving rotor heat pipes act as moving fan blades and, being located proximate to the cooling fins on the stator heat pipes, effectively form a single-pass, forced-convection, air heat exchanger.

Infrared radiation suppressor for a gas turbine engine

Abstract: An infrared radiation suppressor secured to the discharge end of a gas turbine engine has a series of movable vanes maintained in an open trailing edge configuration in which they form converging flow passages for the gases emanating from the gas turbine engine and passing between the vanes, thereby decreasing the gas static pressure at the vane trailing edges below ambient levels. Flow passages in heat exchange relationship with the duct walls of the suppressor carry ambient air through the passages to a point downstream of the vanes. The lowered static pressure at this point causes ambient air to flow through the passages and into the gas stream, thereby cooling the duct walls and the gas stream. The hollow center of the movable vanes are also open to ambient air at the outer ends. The lowered static pressure at the vane trailing edges also causes large quantities of ambient air to enter into the hollow vanes and out the trailing edges into the gas stream further cooling the gases. The movable vanes may be pivoted to a closed or near closed trailing edge configuration in which they form diverging flow passages to the gases which increase the static pressure of the gases discharged from the engine. This enables the suppressor to function as a highly efficient diffuser when infrared radiation suppression is not needed.

Refrigerator box with door mounted refrigeration unit

Abstract: A refrigerator box has its refrigeration unit incorporated into the door thereof. A pair of thermoelectric cooling modules are attached to a ''''cold'''' bar with their ''''cold'''' surfaces abutted thereagainst. Attached to the cold bar is a heat exchanger element having a plurality of fins for effectively cooling the inside of the box, this heat exchanger forming a heat sink which is mounted adjacent to the inside wall of the box door. The ''''hot'''' surfaces of the thermoelectric modules are attached to a heat exchanger which has fins, this heat exchanger being mounted adjacent to the outside wall of the door. The second heat exchanger provides a heat sink for dissipating heat energy drawn from and through the thermoelectric modules. An air circulation system is provided by means of a blower mounted adjacent the outside wall of the door for circulating ambient air through the outside heat exchanger. This blower is kept in operation both by power from a power source which is the same one used for the thermoelectric units and by power supplied by the thermoelectric units themselves when the regular power supply is disconnected by the unit''s control thermostat.

Blue flame retention gun burners and heat exchanger systems

Abstract: Blue flame retention gun burners and heat exchanger process and apparatus for burning liquid hydrocarbon fuel to produce a stable blue flame with low nitric oxide and low particulate (Bachrach) emissions. A major portion of the combustion air is passed in a vigorous jet action directed through a vitiation zone positioned upstream from a fuel injection region leading into a combustion chamber. The vigorous jet action creates a reduced pressure in entering the vitiation zone causing a portion of the gaseous products of combustion from the combustion chamber to be recirculated into this zone in which the combustion air is vitiated and chemically altered before encountering the fuel spray. During recirculation the combustion products therein undergo useful heat exchange so that they are cooled below 800*F. before entering the vitiation zone. A minor portion of the combustion air is utilized to cool the fuel nozzle and then enters the fuel injection region as a plurality of diverging jets aimed toward the combustion chamber. An efficient stable blue flame is produced with relatively low excess oxygen and involving diffuse combustion without allowing localized hot zones which would cause augmented NO formation and without ignition or starting transient instabilities. Many conventional air and oil handling components may be directly utilized in the practice of this invention, such as fuel pumps, blowers, motors, and fuel atomizing nozzles.

Air conditioning apparatus

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying treated air to an enclosure including a heat exchanger through which a heat exchange medium flows and a fan arranged to route air to be treated over the heat exchanger in heat transfer relation with the medium A supply duct, including one or more damper assemblies provided to regulate the discharge of treated air from the system, delivers the treated air to the enclosure The position of the damper assemblies is modulated in response to the temperature of the air in the enclosure A pressure responsive element operates to sense the variations in pressure in the supply duct produced by the modulation of the damper assemblies and creates a control signal which operates to vary the speed of the fan in response to the changes in pressure to maintain the pressure in the duct substantially constant

Fuel delivery and control system for a gas turbine engine

Abstract: A fuel delivery and control system is provided for use with a gas turbine engine and includes a fuel-oil heat exchanger for reducing engine oil temperature wherein a minimum rate of fuel flow is maintained through the heat exchanger and main fuel control by including a second recirculating valve in parallel flow connection to the fuel control metering valve. The recirculating valve is arranged to automatically open and close as a function of fuel temperature, metering valve position and in-flight engine fuel shutoff.

Low emissions catalytic combustion system

Abstract: In a continuous combustion, regenerative, gas turbine engine, supply of compressed air is divided so that a portion thereof can be mixed with fuel to support a local flame on the surface of a heat exchanger through which all portions of the flow pass to be combusted. The flame brings the temperature of the flow up to a predetermined operating range for supporting catalytic combustion and at which time the local flame is extinguished.

Grease-collecting heat exchanger installation

Abstract: A heat exchanger with a set of channels through which grease laden air travels. Relatively cool air passes through the heat exchanger in a second set of channels. Washing means including liquid tubes within the first set of channels is provided for washing collected grease from the surfaces defining the first set of channels. A cooking facility including a hood for collecting grease laden air connected to a heat exchanger. Relatively cool air from an outside source passes through the heat exchanger to promote the collection of grease in the exchanges from the grease laden air received from the hood. The air from the outside source is raised in temperature on passing through the exchanger. Such heated air may be used as a source of heat for heating a building enclosure.

Apparatus for application of local hypothermy to the kidney

Abstract: An apparatus for the application of local hypothermy to the kidney, comprising a kidney-cooling heat exchanger made as a confined chamber whose inside surface is so shaped as to suit the renal shape. The walls of the cooling heat exchanger are made double for the refrigerant to circulate therebetween, and fabricated from an elastic material.

Gas turbine engine and cooling system therefor

Abstract: The stator vanes and rotor blades of a gas turbine engine are cooled internally by the circulation of a fluid coolant in a closed and sealed system, the heat absorbed from the blades and vanes by the coolant being extracted in a heat exchanger cooled by bleed air from the compressor, and the air thus heated then returning its heat load to the power cycle by being fed into the combustion chamber to take part in the combustion reaction. The engine is designed in such a manner that the turbine rotor with its blades and sealed internal cooling system, and the stator ring with its vanes and sealed internal cooling system, can be disassembled from the engine as units without breaking the sealed cooling system.

Fluidized bed powerplant with helium circuit, indirect heat exchange and compressed air bypass control

Abstract: A power unit consists basically of two gas turbine engines. In the first which is a closed cycle the working fluid (helium) is heated by passing it through a duct embedded in a fluidized bed. The exhaust gas is passed through a conventional heat exchanger before being returned to the compressor. In the second engine, consisting of a compressor and a turbine, air from the compressor is passed through the particulate material of the fluidised bed with fuel which maintains combustion in the fluidised bed. The exhaust gas from the turbine of the second engine is passed through a conventional heat exchanger and then to atmosphere. The two engines each drive an alternator.

Heat-exchange system

Abstract: A conduit has an inlet portion, an outlet portion, and a main body portion which is to be embedded in a structural element and which is composed of at least two parallel sections having identical internal cross-sectional areas and being in heatexchanging contact with one another over their entire length. One of these sections is adapted to receive fresh incoming heat exchange fluid from the inlet portion and the other section is adapted to receive spent heat-exchange fluid from the first section and to conduct it to the outlet portion. A pump is provided for circulating heat-exchange fluid through the conduit and one or more identical or different heat-exchanges are interposed for adjusting the temperature of the heat-exchange fluid.

Heat exchange apparatus

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to heat exchangers, and in particular to the type of heat exchanger which includes one or more tubular heat exchange units as a part thereof. More particularly, the present disclosure is directed to an improved tubular heat exchange unit usable in various types of heat exchange apparatus, and including a fluid flow control core which supports a plurality of regularly spaced, generally radially oriented heat exchange fins or splines that are preferably integrally extruded as a part of the core. In a preferred form the core fins have a novel cross-sectional configuration with symmetrical concave sides providing better heat exchange performance by combined improvements in fluid flow and heat gathering and conducing capacities, such cross-sectional fin configuration also providing improvements in assembly and structural integrity. Also disclosed herein are novel longitudinal configuration of the heat exchange fins including a step twisted or joggled configuration, a helically or spirally twisted configuration, and longitudinally segmented fin constructions provided by either annular grooving of the fins or helical grooving of the fins, these fin configurations providing improved heat transfer characteristics by turbulation of fluid conducted between the fins, and causing a circumferential component of fluid flow around the tubular heat exchange unit between cold and hot sides of the overall heat exchange apparatus.

Transportable refrigeration apparatus for preserving perishables

Abstract: This invention relates to cooling apparatus used within a transportable refrigeration compartment for preserving perishables. The apparatus includes the combination of a heat exchanger having an exit nozzle for producing and discharging a gaseous cooling medium and a venturi-type conduit. The venturi conduit comprises an exit end and a flared inlet end which is aligned longitudinally apart from the heat exchanger exit nozzle and in a predetermined spaced relationship therewith. Gas ambient to the compartment and the cooling medium being ejected from the heat exchanger can be mixed within the flared end, with the tempered mixture being exhausted through the venturi conduit exit end and into the storage compartment. To provide an induced circulation of the tempered mixture throughout the compartment, the venturi conduit flared inlet end and the heat exchanger exit nozzle may be enclosed by a hollow duct having both the front and back walls removed so as to induce an aspiration effect therein.

Rotor structure for supercooled field winding

Abstract: A rotor for a cryogenic machine having a supercooled field winding including a hollow shaft rotatably supported on axle means and having an internal vacuum chamber; a field winding structure having radial interstices and axial interstices; a field winding structure compartment carried by the shaft for supporting the field winding structure; low thermal conductivity interconnection means interconnecting the compartment with the axle means; at least one heat exchanger means including a first member in thermal communication with the interconnection means at a discrete position along the interconnection means for removing heat from the interconnection means and a second member including a first conduit in thermal communication with the first member for removing heat from the first member using supercooled fluid flowing through the first conduit at a temperature higher than that of the supercooled field winding; and a convection trap associated with each heat exchanger means including a second conduit interconnected with the first conduit and having a portion having a course extending from larger to small radius to trap the warmer less dense fluid nearer the center of the rotor and the colder more dense fluid nearer the periphery of the rotor to prevent centrifugal convection in the centrifugal force field of the rotor.

Dynamoelectric machine cooled by a rotating heat pipe

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine is described wherein heat generated within the rotor is removed utilizing a heat pipe rotating about the rotor shaft. Heat is absorbed from the rotor by vaporization of a portion of the refrigerant within a rectangular evaporator juxtaposed with the heat generating region of the rotor whereafter the vaporized refrigerant flows radially inward (due to centrifugal forces acting upon the higher density liquid refrigerant) to pass to a condenser coil secured to the rotor at a relatively cool location. Upon cooling to a liquid state in the condenser, the liquid refrigerant is forced radially outward along the condenser coil to return to the evaporator through a radially outer orifice. Preferably, the evaporator is situated within the rotor coils, e.g., at the center of the field pole winding of a synchronous machine, although the evaporator also could be positioned along any radially extending side of the rotor coil. Because refrigerant passes from the evaporator to the condenser and returns to the evaporator solely by centrifugal forces acting upon the closed cooling system, a separate refrigerant pump is not required to cool the motor.

Distributor for plate type heat exchanger having side headers

Abstract: A plate type heat exchanger is shown having a plurality of rectangular passages disposed in heat exchange relationship through the separator plates thereof A passage is provided with a port at the side of the heat exchanger adjacent the end thereof for communicating the passage with a side header Disposed within the heat exchanger passage is a flow distributor or director constructed of metallic corrugated sheet fin material The distributor contains a wedge shaped section of this corrugated material which has a relatively high resistance to flow therethrough This wedge section is disposed in a novel orientation to greatly increase the uniformity of fluid flow distribution across the width of the heat exchanger passage This novel distributor may be used in association with either inlet or outlet side ports Seven forms of the invention are herein disclosed, of which FIGS 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are claimed as species

Direct contact condenser having an air removal system

Abstract: A direct contact condenser in which a plurality of streams of water are discharged in a housing in a heat exchange relationship with steam passing therethrough to condense a portion of the steam The condensed steam is reheated by redirecting the noncondensed steam in a heat exchange relation therewith, to remove air and other non-condensible gases from the condensed steam

Method for heating a fluid

Abstract: A method of heating an aqueous fluid which can be, for example, water, in a dry geothermal reservoir formation penetrated by an injection well and a production well comprising injecting the said fluid into the formation via the injection well, forcing the fluid into the formation with simultaneous heating and finally recovering the heated fluid via the production well. Utilizing heat exchangers at the surface, the heated fluid may be employed to supply process heating requirements for steam making, preheating of refinery streams such as crude oil feed to distillation units, salt evaporation, etc. Alternatively, where the heated fluid recovered via the production well is steam, it can be employed directly, for example, in a turbine for power generation.

Primary surface heat exchanger

Abstract: An all purpose primary-surface heat exchanger, comprising an array of parallel channels formed and bounded by thin heat conductive walls, at least one wall of which has on at least a portion of its surface substantially uniformly disposed unidirectional truncated conical wall-supporting projections formed from the wall. The projections are arranged so as to mate with and to abut supportingly against corresponding wall-supporting projections of a similar adjacent wall. The walls, so arranged, are sealed at the wall edges in a manner to form and isolate alternate enclosed channels from intervening open channels so that the alternate channels may contain and conduct a first fluid, and the intervening channels may contain and conduct a second fluid at a different temperature, thereby effecting heat exchange between the fluids.

Non-metallic heat exchanger

Abstract: A heat exchanger made from fiberglass reinforced plastic includes a pair of end modules interconnected by metal tubes and a cylindrical, encapsulating shell. Headers fit over the outside ends of the end modules and include manifolds for directing one of the fluids passing through the heat exchanger. The other fluid circulates about the tubes in the heat exchanger through openings provided in the end modules.

Solar heater for swimming pools

Abstract: A heat exchanger for warming the water in a swimming pool during the day by means of solar heat and for cooling the water at night consisting of a pair of rectangular sheets of black matte finish flexible film plastic sealed together so as to form a closed perimeter having an inlet passage and an outlet passage, and a sinuous flow path consisting of a plurality of straight parallel elongated flow channels formed between the inlet and the outlet. At a plurality of points along each straight flow channel the two plastic sections are heat sealed together to form obstacles to the straight flow path creating zones of turbulance which enhance the efficiency of the heat exchange. A pump removes pool water from a drain, passes it through a filter and divides the filter output between one flow path back to the pool inlet and another flow path to the heat exchanger using an adjustable flow diverter consisting of a T-section having a movable tube extending up from the leg of the T into the arm.

Heat exchanger system and method and parts therefor or the like

Abstract: A heat exchanger system having a flow path for heat exchanger treated air of one condition thereof to be directed to an area that is to be conditioned by heated air and having damper means therein for controlling the flow of treated air through the flow path in accordance with the temperature of the air in the area being sensed by a temperature sensing unit for controlling the damper means. A control device is provided for causing the temperature sensing unit to sense only the temperature of the treated air in the flow path when the condition of the treated air is reversed from said one condition thereof to another condition thereof whereby the damper means will then be under control of the temperature of the treated air rather than under the control of the temperature of the air in the air being treated thereby.

Integral blood heat and component exchange device and two flow path membrane blood gas exchanger

Abstract: A device for oxygenating or dialyzing blood has elementary units comprising a heat exchanger close-coupled to a component exchanger comprising one or more frames having rectangular openings and a gas permeable membrane on each face. In the heat exchanger element, heat is transferred via conduction from a source or to a sink through a membrane to or from a flowing film of blood. Two confronting membranes define a thin passageway for blood in the component exchanger element and remote sides of the membranes confront a second passageway in which another fluid such as dialysate or oxygen enriched gas flows, the passageway containing an open support structure. The support structure distributes the gas uniformly and supports the membranes when the space between them is pressurized with blood. In preferred embodiments, there are provided two path thin film flows through the heat exchanger. In the gas exchanger, thermoplastically formed protuberances project integrally from the membranes into the blood space for precisely defining the blood film thickness. Also provided is a blood component exchanger including an open support structure shaped to provide two path thin film flows therethrough.

High capacity finned tube heat exchanger

Abstract: The fins of a finned tube heat exchanger extend in spaced parallel fashion across a plurality of fluid carrying tubes. The fins are bent into shallow angulated convolutions in the direction of flow of an external fluid passing between the fins and around the tubes. The fins carry a plurality of aligned openings within each convolution wall to increase heat transfer capacity with little increase in the fluid pressure drop of the external fluid flowing through the exchanger.

Atmosphere control system for growing mushrooms and the like

Abstract: System for controlling the environment in a mushroom growing room including three novel and unique sub-systems, namely (1) a carbon dioxide concentration sensing device and control means responsive thereto for controlling the proportions of recirculated air and fresh air continuously introduced into the mushroom growing room so as to maintain the carbon dioxide level therein at 0.1 percent or less, and for doing so separately in a plurality of such rooms; (2) a proportionally controlled heat exchanger in which exhaust air from one or more mushroom growing rooms or chambers is heat exchanged with incoming fresh air for ventilation of such chambers using a heat transfer member, such as a large metal wheel with a relatively large amount of surface area, which is rotated at a speed proportional to the temperature difference between the fresh air after passing through the exchanger and a pre-selected desired temperature; and (3) a temperature-humidity control system which maintains optimum conditions in a growing room continuously with a high level of accuracy.

Refrigeration machine with liquid refrigerant cooled motor

Abstract: A centrifugal compressor type refrigeration machine is shown with a liquid refrigerant cooled electric motor for driving the compressor. The liquid refrigerant for motor cooling is derived from the refrigeration machine refrigerant circuit at refrigerant circuit pressure but is applied directly to the stator-rotor gap of the motor at a relatively uniform elevationally controlled hydrostatic pressure. Prior to entering the stator-rotor gap, liquid refrigerant is separated from refrigerant vaporized by heat exchange with the stator.