Showing papers on "Heat pipe published in 1978"

Thermal heat pump

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal heat pump. consisting of a heat pipe (11). in which the vapor passage located for heat dissipation between the Warmeubertragungszone for heat supply and the Warmeubertragungszone (16) changing an over its length, has the flow velocity of the vapor, first increasing and then degrading cross-section and in which in the area of ​​the increased vapor velocity another Warmeubertragungszone with heat supply or removal is the increased vapor velocity may be subsonic or supersonic range. The cross-sectional change of the vapor channel (16) in the heat pipe (11) between the two outer heat transfer zones is advantageously carried out by a displacement body (13) effected with the particular surface contour.

Sintered grooved wicks

Abstract: A heat pipe capillary wick constructed from a sintered metal cylinder formed in close contact with the inner diameter of the heat pipe casing, and containing longitudinal grooves on the wick's inner surface, adjacent to the vapor space. The grooves provide longitudinal capillary pumping while the high capillary pressure of the sintered wick provides liquid to fill the grooves and assure effective circumferential distribution of liquid in the heat pipe.

Cooling assembly for cooling electrical parts wherein a heat pipe is attached to a heat conducting portion of a heat conductive block

Abstract: In a cooling assembly including a heat conductive block mounting an electronic part, and a heat pipe attached to the heat conductive block, a connector connected to the leads of the electronic part is arranged in the heat conductive block.

Tunnel wick heat pipes

Abstract: A high performance heat pipe and the method for constructing it. A unique wick structure of sintered metal is formed directly into the heat pipe casing and contains simultaneously formed tunnels which permit the flow of large quantities of liquid with low pressure loss. A method of constructing a hybrid structure with heat pipe sections at both ends of a section used to transport the internal liquid and vapor over long distances is also included.

Heat pipe bag system

Abstract: Method and apparatus for utilizing the earth as a heat source and heat sink for heating and cooling buildings are disclosed. Flexible material such as hollow plastic or metal foil bags which can be buried in deep, narrow trenches are draped over and clamped to heat transfer fluid conduits or conventional heat pipes vastly increasing the heat transfer surface area serving the conduits or heat pipes. The heat pipe bags contain a heat transfer fluid and can contain wicks which are in heat transfer communication with the heat transfer fluid conduits or other heat pipes. The plastic or metal of the heat pipe bag similarly enclosed the wick forming a closed, sealed system which can also include the conduit or heat pipe. Such conduit-heat pipe bag combination can be used in combination with conventional heat pumps to both heat and cool buildings.

Unfurlable heat pipe

Abstract: A heat pipe which can be rolled up for storage and automatically deploys when heat is applied. Two highly flexible parallel sheets are bonded together at their edges, thus permitting compact rolled storage. The inside portions of the joined edges form creases which act as capillary channels to move the heat exchange liquid from the condenser to the evaporator. A further embodiment involves multiple longitudinal cells which yield many more capillary channels and increases the structural strength of the deployed heat pipe, while maintaining the large surface area for heat transfer.

Loudspeaker system with heat pipe

Abstract: In an enclosed loudspeaker apparatus comprising a transducer, such as a loudspeaker, for producing acoustic radiation or sound when an electric current is applied to a drive means of the transducer, and an enclosure having an aperture in which the transducer is mounted for emission of the acoustic radiation therethrough with the drive means being in the interior of the enclosure; a heat pipe is provided for absorbing heat generated by electric current applied to the drive means, and for carrying such heat to the exterior of the enclosure so as to permit the application of increased currents to the drive means without overheating. In the case of a bass reflex, or phase-inverter loudspeaker apparatus with a reflex port extending through the enclosure, the heat pipe extends into a duct associated with the reflux port and bears a radiator with fins extending from the heat pipe to the interior surface of the duct to define a plurality of channels extending from the interior of the enclosure to the exterior thereof. The reflux port or other exit opening for the heat pipe may be positioned above the transducer so that a working fluid in the heat pipe for carrying heat from the drive means of the transducer to the exterior of the enclosure is returned toward the drive means at least in the part under the influence of gravity.

Evaporator film coefficients of grooved heat pipes

Abstract: The heat transfer rate in the meniscus attachment region of a grooved heat pipe evaporator is studied theoretically. The analysis shows that the evaporation takes place mainly in the region where the liquid changes its shape sharply. However, comparisons with available heat transfer data indicate that the heat transfer rate in the meniscus varying region is substantially reduced probably due to groove wall surface roughness.

Freeze accommodating heat pipe

Abstract: A heat pipe wick which can survive freezing of the heat transfer fluid within the heat pipe and return to full operation automatically. A flexible high lift wick is used with a limited liquid inventory to prevent damage from freezing. The limited amount of liquid is completely retained in the wick at all times by capillary forces preventing puddling at the lowest point in the heat pipe, thus avoiding damage to the casing by expansion.

Passive solar heat collector

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an improved passive apparatus for absorbing, transferring and storing solar energy as heat, economically and effectively, without pumps, solar tracking devices or electric power. The apparatus comprises an improved trough-type concentrating collector, a heat pipe heat absorber and an insulated storage tank. Solar energy is reflected and focused by the concentrator onto the absorber where the energy is absorbed as heat. The absorber, made of one or more slightly tilted gravity-assisted heat pipes partially filled with a volatile liquid, transfers the heat by evaporation, vapor transport and condensation into a slightly elevated heat storage reservoir. A method for filling the heat pipes is disclosed. The absorber serves as the main axial support for internal structural ribs over which are fitted a flexible transparent top cover and a flexible reflective bottom cover that comprise the concentrator. The apparatus collects solar energy, stores heat during the day and automatically shuts off to minimize heat losses at night. The apparatus may be refocused periodically to increase the temperature of the heat collected.

Ground cold storage and utilization

Abstract: A system for transmitting, storing and utilizing cold which includes the use of heat pipes for transmitting the winter cold to freeze the ground water storage, and two-phase flow pipes to effectively cool the warm air passing through the flow pipes in the air conditioning duct The system provides for long-duration earth storage of the winter cold which can be effectively used during summer seasons for cooling homes, buildings and other structures The two-phase flow pipes, characterized by having irreversible vapor flow, include a pump arrangement for transferring working fluid from the condenser section to the evaporator section of the flow pipes where phase-change is taken place by absorbing heat from the passing warm air

Entrainment limits in heat pipes

Abstract: The present work explores the physical basis for the entrainment limit in heat pipes and attempts to develop adequate quantitative criteria for the limit. Analogy is emphasized here between the entrainment phenomenon in heat pipes and the flooding phenomenon in countercurrent vapor-liquid flow systems. The maximum operating heat-transfer rates for various heat pipes due to entrainment limitation are established semiempirically by way of modifying existing flooding correlations. While the present results are successful in correlating the limited experimental data available, further experimental studies are needed in assessing the validity of the established criteria.

Thermal storage reservoirs

Abstract: A thermal storage system for use with a solar collector and/or heat pump includes a plurality of discrete heat reservoirs having regular geometric shapes such as spheres or cylinders for forming a self-sorting array of the reservoirs when stacked in a storage bin. Each reservoir has a shell formed of heat conductive material defining an interior cavity that contains a material of high specific heat for storing heat in the reservoir. A preferred material for economy for reservoir shells in spherelike shapes is plastic with heat conductivity enhancers such as glass or metal particles incorporated into the plastic.

Performance studies of a finned heat pipe latent thermal energy storage system

Abstract: Performance studies of a modular heat pipe heat exchanger concept for use in a latent thermal energy storage system for solar heating applications have been undertaken. The thermal analysis provides the influence of various geometric and thermal parameters on the storage charging time and temperature gradients for heat flow into two markedly different storage substances. Additionally, experiments are performed with a small 6 1 testmodel filled with a paraffin. Results indicate the capability of the heat exchanger concept to operate within small temperature swings (<10 K) for realistic heat input rates. Comparisons between data and prediction for the test model showed adequate agreement.

Heat exchange apparatus utilizing thermal siphon pipes

Abstract: A heat exchange apparatus in which each of a plurality of thermal siphon pipes has an upper portion extending in an upper heat exchange section and a lower portion extending in a lower heat exchange section. Each pipe is closed at its ends and contains a heat transfer fluid so that when a hot fluid is passed through the lower heat exchange section, the heat is transferred from the hot fluid to the heat exchange fluid. A cool fluid is passed through the upper heat exchange section to remove the heat from the heat exchange fluid.

Blanket heater with temperature control means

Abstract: An electric resistance heater engageable with work to be heated including a work-engaging heater structure of minor thermal mass per unit area and including an elongate primary heating element arranged to establish high watt density throughout said heater structure, a power supply, a temperature control means between and connected with the primary heating element and the power supply; said temperature control means including a work engaging body of greater thermal mass per unit area than the heater structure and carried by said heater structure in spaced relationship with the primary heating element, a normally closed thermal responsive switching device within the body and operable to open when the temperature of the body is heated by heat conducted from the work to a predetermined operating temperature, an elongate secondary heating element arranged in the body to delivery sufficient heat into the body to normally maintain the temperature thereof at a temperature slightly below said operating temperature whereby little heat need be conducted from the work into the body to raise its temperature to said operating temperature, said elements and device being series connected with the power supply. The device further includes a heat pipe extending between the heater structure adjacent the primary heating element and the body to rapidly and directly conduct heat and to raise the temperature of the body to said operating temperature when the temperature differential between the heater structure and body becomes excessive and before the temperature of the heater exceeds a predetermined maximum operating temperature.

Dual cycle heat pipe-method and apparatus

Abstract: A method and apparatus for utilizing the earth or other heat source/heat sink for heating and cooling buildings are disclosed. The system comprises at least one heat transfer fluid conduit and at least one heat pipe in heat transfer communication. When two conduits are employed a dual cycle system for heating and cooling is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, upper and lower heat transfer fluid conduits containing a first heat transfer fluid are connected by heat pipes containing a second heat transfer fluid, the two fluids being isolated from one another. The heat pipes are preferably sealed plastic tubes with hollow metal end caps at each end. The metal end caps on the heat pipes are positioned in the circulation pipes so as to have sufficient contact with the recirculatory fluid in the respective heat transfer fluid conduits to transfer heat to and from such fluid. In the summer, heated fluid flows through the lower conduit causing the second heat transfer fluid in the lower end cap of the heat pipe to boil and condense on the heat pipe wall giving off heat to the ground or other heat sink, thereby providing a cooling action on the first heat transfer fluid flowing through the lower conduit. In winter, the lower conduit is shut down and the upper conduit activated by passing cooled first heat transfer fluid through the upper conduit which condenses the second heat transfer fluid in the upper end cap causing it to flow by gravity down the walls of the heat pipe to a point at which it boils and the resulting vapor then goes back up the heat pipe as a vapor, repeating the cycle and resulting in the heating of the first heat transfer fluid in the upper conduit. Such a system can be used to both heat and cool buildings.

Heat transfer characteristics of heat pipes

Abstract: The heat pipe, an excellent heat transfer device, is expected to become one of the most important devices in heat transfer technologies in the near future. The application of the heat pipe to waste heat recovery equipment (gas-to-gas heat exhangers) was studied. To obtain low-cost, yet high performance heat pipes for this purpose, experiments on several brands of heat pipes available in the Japanese market and also on prototype heat pipes were carried out. It was concluded that the prototype heat pipes satisfied both requirements, low cost and high performance.

Energy efficient apparatus and process for manufacture of glass

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing glass, and apparatus for effecting same, which comprises passing flue gases from a glass melting furnace through a bed of agglomerates of glass forming batch materials so as to heat the agglomerates to a temperature less than that at which they form an aggregated mass, cooling the flue gases as they pass through the bed with a heat exchanger positioned in the bed, and then melting the heated batch materials in a fossil fuel fired melter to form molten glass The heat transfer medium of the heat exchanger may then be transported to a different location and the increased energy therein employed for a beneficial purpose

Heat Pipes for Cooling of an Electric Motor

Abstract: Two types of copper/water heat pipes have been developed for cooling of both the rotor and the stator of an asynchronous electric motor which shall be used as a high-performance locomotive drive. For the stator axial groove heat pipes are used with a slight liquid overfill. The rotor heat pipes have cirumferential grooves and require a minimum liquid fill charge of about 20% of the heat pipe volume to effectively cool the rotor between 0 and 5000 rpm. Experimental results obtained from individual heat pipes and from a rotor model demonstrated that the heat pipes are able to effectively cool the electric motor. Calculations showed that about 75% of the dissipated heat will be transferred by the heat pipes to the ultimate air-convection heat sink.

Submersible motor-pump

Abstract: A submersible pump-motor combination especially adaptable for use in a well casing containing well fluid and the motor filled with a lubricating fluid, and heat pipe means having a portion exposed to the motor fluid and another portion exposed to the well fluid, the heat pipe means containing a heat transfer fluid which absorbs heat from the motor fluid and discharges heat to the well fluid.

Rotary electric machine with a heat pipe for cooling

Abstract: A rotary electric machine with a heat pipe for cooling, which pipe comprises a rotary shaft. The rotary shaft has a hole formed therein extending from a heating zone to a cooling zone and has working fluid charged therein. The inner diameter of the cooling zone is smaller than the diameter of the heating zone, and an inner wall of the cooling zone is connected to an inner wall of the heating zone via a step.

Apparatus for collecting and transporting heat energy

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus for collecting and transporting thermal energy as vaporized fluid. The vapor will flow from a heat absorption chamber (C) and through a conduit (V) to a point of use where it is condensed. The heat absorption chamber (C) includes a sump in its lower portion to hold a puddle offluid. A heat source directed againstthe chamber (C) vaporizes the fluid therewithin and a replacement fluid supply (L) connects with the chamber to maintain the level of the puddle during vaporization. The chamber (C) of the preferred embodiment of the invention is an elongated heat absorption pipe mounted horizontallyto maintain the puddle at the lower portion of the pipe. The heat absorption pipe is mounted in a solar collector (C) to receive concentrated solar energy as from a reflector system.

Method of and means for passively cooling a shelter containing a heat source

Abstract: The passive cooling of a shelter containing a heat source is achieved by utilizing a thermal liquid in an accumulator, a first heat transfer loop for thermosiphonically transferring heat from the interior of the shelter to the liquid in the accumulator when the liquid is cooler than the interior of the shelter, and a second heat transfer loop for thermosiphonically transferring heat from the liquid in the accumulator to the environment when the latter is cooler than the liquid in the accumulator.

Temperature stabilization system

Abstract: A radiation detector assembly is enclosed in a heat pipe which is positioned in a dewar flask. A thermo-electric cooler is joined to one end of the heat pipe. The heat exhaust of the thermo-electric cooler is communicated to a heat dissipation device in the form of a fin assembly. A thermistor senses the temperature at the heat pipe. When the thermistor indicates a temperature in excess of that corresponding to a reference signal, a control singal is produced by a control device to cause a power source to operate the thermo-electric cooler to remove heat from the heat pipe to the fin assembly. The vacuum within the dewar flask effectively limits the environmental heat passing to the heat pipe to radiant heat. The detector assembly and temperature stabilization system may extend to the interior of a conduit or other housing containing material whose radiation is to be detected, while the fin assembly is exposed to the atmosphere. In particular, the temperature stabilization system may be used in conjunction with a detector comprising a scintillation crystal optically coupled to a photomultiplier tube in an environment which would otherwise diminish the performance of such a detector by raising its temperature.

Heat pipe recuperator

Abstract: A heat pipe recuperator for recovering heat from flue gas stacks is disclosed. The recuperator consists of a toroidal shell forming a fluid heating chamber having inlet and outlet fluid circulating ports. A plurality of heat pipes are mounted within the chamber and are attached to the inner wall of the shell such that the condensor sides of the pipe reside within the shell and the evaporator sides extend outside the shell into the center of the toroid. The recuperator is positioned in a flue gas stack wherein the hot flue gas stream contacts the heat pipes which transfer heat into the fluid heating chamber. Fluid, gas or liquid, is passed through the chamber resulting in a rise in temperature of the fluid.