Showing papers on "Impulse generator published in 1996"

Method and apparatus for producing a discrete droplet of high temperature liquid

Abstract: A method and an apparatus (10) eject on demand a discrete droplet (12) of liquid at a high temperature along a predetermined trajectory (18) by transferring a physical impulse from a low temperature environment to a high temperature environment. The ejector apparatus includes a vessel (26) having an interior (24) that contains a high-temperature liquid (14). The interior includes an inlet end (30) that receives a thermally insulative impulse transmitting device (22) and a feed supply (34) of the droplet material, and a discharge region (56) having an orifice (16) through which the discrete droplets are ejected. A heater (70) heats the material contained within the interior. An impulse generator (20) is connected and imparts a physical impulse to the impulse transmitting device to produce an ejection pressure at the orifice to eject a discrete droplet of the high-temperature liquid.

Radiated interference from a high voltage impulse generator

Abstract: High voltage switching operations radiate large electromagnetic fields. These cause interference to sensitive electronic equipment. For example, the environment of most concern are those of high voltage substations and high voltage research laboratories. This paper evaluates electric and magnetic field measurements obtained during the breakdown of an SF/sub 6/ gas gap when a 4/400 /spl mu/s pulse was applied from a high-voltage impulse generator. Building upon previous work concerning initial results in terms of the E-dot and H-dot measurements, this paper also includes the evaluation of the E and H field magnitudes to determine the extent of equipment interference within the vicinity of switching/pulse operations. In addition, these laboratory results were extrapolated to allow comparisons to be made with results from previous studies investigating switching operations within a substation environment. The implications regarding EMC immunity standards and the level of interference is discussed.

Development of weatherproof mobile impulse voltage generator and its application to experiments on nonlinearity of grounding resistance

Abstract: This paper describes a newly developed impulse voltage generator (IG) It has the following features: (1) The IG consists of three components (a 16 MV unit, a 14-MV unit and a base box); this facilitates mounting on 10-ton trucks, therefore making it easier to move to a test field (2) Capacitors, discharge gaps and a control unit are enclosed in fiber-reinforced plastics, making it possible to use the IG in all weather (3) The IG can generate several ten kA when a load is a few ten Ω (4) Composition of the circuits for lightning/switching impulse voltage/current tests can be easily done by changing the damping and discharge resistance cassettes Control and data acquisition are made by personal computer For IG application during an outdoor test, this paper presents the characteristics of resistances of a 77-kV substation grounding and a concrete pole when applying a high impulse current The resistances are dependent on the crest value of the applied current

Repetitive and constant energy impulse current generator

Abstract: This invention relates to an impulse generator which utilizes the properties of floating electrodes. An exemplary impulse generator comprises a floating electrode with a corona source, a series gap, an output terminal for connecting to a device undergoing electric impulse testing and a ground connection. The present invention generates an electric impulse signal for use in testing the impulse response or static electricity impulse response of an electronic circuit.

Hydraulic impulse tool with enhanced fluid seal

Abstract: An impulse tool (10) including an impulse generator (19, 119) utilizes an enhanced seal to reduce leakage of hydraulic fluid. The annular clearance in the pressure plate (24, 124) is sealed around the spindle (30, 130) with a resilient seal (38, 138). A primary passage (40, 140) through the pressure plate is provided to compensate for expansion of the fluid. The use of the primary passage (40, 140), which is not susceptible to enlargement due to wear, minimizes pressure peaks in the accumulator reservoir (42, 142), and results in less leakage.

Impact wrench and procedure for tightning a fastener connection therewith

Abstract: The powered assembly tool, especially a screwdriver or impulse torque driver, has a variable speed motor (13) with a driven impulse generator (11) delivering an impulse of Moment (M), and torque sensor (18) measuring torque (Mv). A demand value for the required torque is determined for each impulse in increasing steps up to the final fixing torque. In this way an over-tightening of the screw or bolt is avoided when inappropriate fixing conditions exist.

Statistical models for differential-mode conversion of common-mode impulse voltages measured on telecommunication pairs

Abstract: Telecommunication networks outside plant facilities are subjected to voltage and current surges caused by lightning storms or by transients on nearby power lines. The impulse voltage induced on a cable pair is common-mode in nature, that is, from each conductor to ground simultaneously. However, the common-mode voltage is converted to a differential-mode voltage between the two conductors of the cable pair by the unbalance of the conductors or the asymmetrical operation of surge protectors. Common-mode voltage levels have been measured in several surveys but not differential-mode voltages. This paper provides statistical models that derive expected differential-mode voltages from measured common-mode voltages. The differential-mode voltages are of interest since they may interfere with digital transmission, and may cause a large number of bit errors.

Multistage impulse voltage generator equipped with series-parallel changeover contact

Abstract: PURPOSE: To switch steps of required impedance and voltage in a short time and simply, by connecting each stage and changing capacitance and output power properly so as to use them. CONSTITUTION: A generator is equipped with a multistage impulse generator 2, a multistage discharge tower 3, and a charger 5. In the multistage impulse generator 2, a parallel circuit in every two stages is constituted by closing contacts S11/S21, S13/S23, S15/S25, and S17 and S27 for parallel connection between stages, and circuit constitution in two-stage parallel and in four-stage series is made by opening the discharge gap switches G1a/G1b, G3a/G3b, G5a/G5b, and G7a/G7b between the stages thereby putting them in nonoperation state. Moreover, a multistage discharge tower 3 is constituted in multistage, with its insulated frame, where a discharge resistor RO and an adjuster CO for adjustment of wave crests are mounted, insulated. Hereby, various impulse voltage and current test can be performed by switching them by the remote operation of each contact of the device.

AC V-t and impulse V-N characteristics of shell-form transformer insulation model

Abstract: To evaluate an appropriate level of ac test voltage for 1000-kV transformers, it is necessary to make an accurate estimation of ac V-t characteristics. For the level of impulse test voltage, V-N characteristics are important to evaluate effects of impulse stress repetition. Since both of the characteristics are dependent on insulation structures and manufacturing processes of transformers, it is important to make accurate simulations on transformer insulation for reliable insulation data. To obtain some of the basic data for 1000-kV transformer test levels, long-time ac V-t tests and impulse V-N tests of up to 1000 times voltage application were carried out on an insulation model simulating fundamental structure of shell-form transformers. The model is composed of a parallel electrodes system with a compound structure of pressboard barrier and oil gap. The tests showed the following characteristics: ac V-t characteristics of up to several ten days could be described by two lines, each representing short-time and long-time characteristics. V-N characteristics of lightning and switching impulse were expressed by relatively flat lines, which showed a decrease in breakdown voltage by less than 10 percent after 1000 times impulse application.

Control apparatus for motor drive for e.g. garage door

Abstract: An impulse generator (10) is connected to an absolute value generator (12) via a reduction gear (11). The reduction gear is designed so that the track of a moving element is reduced to one revolution of the absolute value generator.The absolute value generator is subdivided into n-segments. The end and stop settings lie on or between two reference points which border a reference field. The number of impulses counted from the start point to the first reference point and the number counted after reaching the last reference point before the end setting are stored in memory. Control of the drive (1) between the reference points occurs without the impulse counter.

Self pre-ageing circuit device for semiconductor memory e.g. application specific memory

Abstract: The device includes a preaging detector (20) and a memory field (10). Provided with the detector is a data comparator (70), a further preaging detector (21) which produces a signal if preaging conditions are fulfilled, an impulse generator (22), an address counter (24) and a data generator (25). The comparator compares test data which has been read out of the memory field with data output from the detector. Predetermined control signals, address signals and test data are produced by the detector if certain preaging conditions arise. The memory field implements a preaging operation if the test data is written in or read out of a memory cell through an address signal selected according to the control signal. The impulse generator a clock signal according to self preaging test signals applied to it, while the address counter produces an address under use of a clock pulse. A control signal generator produces row and column address signals and read free and write free signals. The data generator reads data from the address and outputs it to the comparator.

High-voltage current impressing device to bed log for lentinus edodes

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the subject device giving highly multiplying effect on Lentinus edodes (ghiitake), capable of impressing a high voltage of >=200KV and a high electric current of >=several KA despite of a small-sized device convenient to carry CONSTITUTION: In a high-voltage current impressing device which is equipped with an impulse generator 2, an impression electrode connected to the impulse generator and an earth electrode, holds a bed log having cultured mycelia of Lentinus edodes between the impression electrode and the earth electrode and applies a high-voltage current to the electrodes, the impulse generator consists of an energy accumulating coil (inductance) 14 for accumulating an electric energy and a circuit breaker 15 which interrupts a discharge current from the inductance at a high speed and generates a high-voltage current

Impulse plasma jet engine

Abstract: FIELD: plasma engines; and is intended for use in those cases, when a simple ecologically pure source of mechanical or electric energy is required. SUBSTANCE: the novelty consists in filling of the discharge chamber with air, connection of a high-voltage spark gap to a regulated impulse generator, and placing of the chamber in a transverse magnetic field and introduction of two conducting busbars in the chamber. The magnetic field is jet up by an electromagnet with an unclosed magnetic core enveloping the chamber; the electromagnet coil is connected to the impulse generator output. Obligatory operating conditions are as follows: impulse voltage applied to the spark gap = 10 kV, min; impulse duration - 0.1 ms, max.; change-over of the impulse generator output just after the high-voltage impulse and application of a low-voltage impulse of a high output power (high current) to the spark gap (without) any pause, then follows a pause, and the process is periodically repeated. The pause duration is regulated. EFFECT: protection of environment, expansion of functional capabilities of plasma engines.

Image normal position controller

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide an image normal position controller capable of performing comfortable listening by controlling the normal position of an image in a three- dimensional direction. CONSTITUTION: The normal position of the image in the three-dimensional direction can be controlled by radiating an impulse to a loudspeaker and a sound field, for example, via the loudspeaker in accordance with a horizontal direction desired to normally position the image from an impulse generator 14, applying band area division to the impulse collected by a dummy microphone 7 by a Fourier transformer 17, calculating the sound pressure level of each band area by a sound pressure level measuring instrument 9, calculating difference with an upper and lover directional image control data base 10 generated by an experiment in advance by a differential calculator 11, outputting a result to a frequency equalizer 13, and radiating it from the loudspeaker to the sound field 1 by correcting an acoustic signal by the frequency equalize 13.

Suppression of lightning-induced overvoltages by distribution line surge arresters

Abstract: The primary aim of surge arresters in power distribution lines is to protect lines and equipment from the voltage induced by nearby lightning strokes. To further improve power systems, methods to protect distribution lines against direct lightning strokes are still needed. An effective measure against direct lightning strokes is to increase the number of arresters. However, if the surge current is too large, some surge arresters absorb energy in excess of their capability and may break; this leads to a line fault. To evaluate the protective effect of the surge arresters against direct lightning strokes to overhead ground wire, the authors measured both the voltage across the surge arresters and the energy absorbed by them using a full-scale model line and a 12 MV impulse generator. The results were compared with simulation results by EMTP. There have been no previous studies making a comparison of this kind.

Optical impulse generator e.g. for fibre optic transmission using solitons

Abstract: The generator includes a master laser (10) which injects light of a given wavelength into a slave laser (11) for gain switching. A bandstop filter allows the optical impulses generated by the slave laser to be filtered (12) with rejection of light of the given wavelength. An optical isolator (13) is positioned between the lasers. A control circuit (14) provides the slave laser with an injection current where variations as a function of time generate a gain switching function. The output (S) has an optical spectral limit which is near to the theoretical limit.