Showing papers on "Ingenuity published in 1973"

Conflict, Power, and Games: The Experimental Study of Interpersonal Relations

Abstract: The technological revolution in the social sciences made available a set of research tools and data manipulation techniques that permit the study of complex social processes previously inaccessible or not amenable to our observational powers. One important set of tools took the generic title "experimental games," which were characterized by the interactive protagonists' pursuit of relatively well-defined goals whose achievement is dependent on the behavior of others. James T. Tedeschi, Barry R. Schlenker, and Thomas V. Bonoma, in this work, explicate these highly structured interactions.The grand strategy of scientific inquiry is the development of explanatory systems for natural phenomena. The empirical tactics devised to manipulate, control, observe, and measure events or processes of interest often require as much ingenuity and imagination as theory development itself. Generally the situation is so structured that certain rules govern participant behavior. Within these constraints the social psychological processes of conflict, influence, power, bargaining, and coalition formation can be studied. Concerned with the more formal and technical aspects of games, the authors explain how they are used for purposes of developing and testing scientific theory. The emphasis throughout is on the development and empirical evaluation of a scientific theory of social influence and power in situations where the interests of the interacting parties are in conflict.Experimental games have provided many of the concepts and the preponderance of evidence that have helped to unravel many of the complexities of social behavior. In "Conflict, Power, and Games", the authors build a bridge between technical and non-technical approaches in order to shed greater light on interpersonal relations.

The archaeology of nineteenth-century British imperialism: an Australian case study

Abstract: By combining documentary and archaeological evidence, the immediate problems of the British colonization of Australia can be better understood than by merely pursuing the written word. Port Essington, the site of a small and short‐lived military outpost, is a valuable example because it is an extreme one. Its history, and particularly its architectural history, is one of ingenuity and improvisation and underlines problems which are basic to the process of colonization at any time: isolation and distance from the mother country; the strange and hostile environment; and the technological and human competence of the colonizers. On these factors, among others, depends the sort of cultural adaptation that ensues.

Need for Solid-Phase Thinking in Solid-Phase Synthesis

Abstract: The invention of the solid-phase method looked like an ingenious trick to overcome some of the unpleasant features of the classical methods. As we know today, the ingenuity of the trick remains, but only a large investment of heavy real effort will eventually, if ever, work it into a real progress over the classical approach.

Selforganization of Nucleic Acids and the Evolution of the Genetic Apparatus

Abstract: It is unclear how biological systems could evolve during a time of 109 years given by earth history [1–7]. Even the simplest systems that can be imagined to evolve to more complicated ones must have the property of self-reproduction, and this is only possible for systems which already have an appreciable complexity. They must have a device similar to the genetic apparatus of the known organisms, a machinery of highest skill and ingenuity. How was it possible, that such systems evolved? Can this evolution be explained on the basis of physical chemistry, and in this case is it a common process under appropriate environment conditions of a process of extremely low a priori probability?

Special Education-Its Contribution to the Alleviation of Human Suffering in Victoria.

Abstract: In the year 1799-1800 Itard, a young medical student in Paris, enthusiastically took upon himself the task of educating a so-called ‘wild’ boy of Aveyron. The educational management and treatment of this boy by the young Itard makes fascinating reading. It tells of the ingenuity of experimenter and indeed of child trying to outwit the experimenter.