Showing papers on "Lepidoptera genitalia published in 1968"

Influence of Wild Flowers on Parasitism of Tent Caterpillar and Codling Moth

Abstract: Surveys in unsprayed orchards showed that the wild flowers that are food sources for adult parasites influence the extent to which host Lepidoptera are parasitized. Proportionately about 18 times as many tent caterpillar pupae were parasitized in orchards with rich undergrowths of wild flowers as in orchards with poor floral undergrowths. The corresponding figures for tent caterpillar egg parasitisms were about 4 to 1, and for codling moth larvae about 5 to 1. Orchards with average undergrowths of wild flowers produced intermediate figures.

Inclusion-type insect viruses.

Abstract: The best known insect viruses cause the formation of inclusions in the cells they infect. They were first observed in the mid-nineteenth century and since then have received considerable attention from entomologists and microbiologists. In recent years, several authors have reviewed studies on this group of viruses (Bergold, 1958; Aizawa, 1963; Smith, 1963; Huger, 1963) and the present review will be concerned more specifically with structure and chemistry, the infection process, quantitative virus-host relationships and the natural occurrence of viruses in their host populations. The nuclear-polyhedroses of Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera (Sawflies), the cytoplasmic polyhedroses of Lepidoptera and the granuloses of Lepidoptera are discussed in detail.

Studies of physiologically active arthropod secretions: i evidence for a sex pheromone in female vitula edmandsae (lepidoptera: phycitidae)

Abstract: Evidence is presented for the presence of a sex attractant in female Vitula edmandsae (Packard). The ability of the virgin female to attract the male varies with age, reaching a maximum 2 days after emergence. The pheromone-producing gland is a ring-shaped structure formed by modification of the epidermal cells in the intersegmental membrane between the eighth and ninth abdominal segments.

Frass of Some Wood-Boring Insects in Living Oak (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae; Lepidoptera: Cossidae and Aegeriidae)

Abstract: Hand-lens descriptions of extruded dry frass are given for 5 wood-boring insects that attack living black, scarlet, and red oaks, namely, the red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) and the living-beech borer, Goes pulverulentus (Haldeman) [Coleoptera: Cerambycidae]; a clear-winged moth, Paranthrene palmii (Hy. Edwards) [Lepidoptera: Aegeriidae]; and the carpenterworm, Prionoxystus robiniae (Peck), and the little carpenterworm, P. macmurtrei (Guerin-Meneville) [Lepidoptera: Cossidae]. The 2 constituents of frass—excrement pellets and wood pieces—are described according to their shape, length, color, and solidity. Knowledge of the frass characteristics of these insects helps in identifying the boring species and in revealing the stage of larval development, molting periods, and mortality. Further, knowledge of the length of wood slivers and/or pellets of excrement generally produced by the insect permits prediction of adult emergence.

Insect collecting in Suriname with the help of “Malaise” traps

Abstract: (1) Faunistic insect collecting was done in Suriname from September 1963 to December 1964 with two types of “malaise” traps. (2) Trapping was practised on nine localities in different habitats, operating from the seacoast near Paramaribo via the older coastal belt and the savanna region into the rainforest of the hilly interior. (3) During this operation, a total of about 90.000 insects was collected. There was but little variation in the proportions of the different orders of insects taken in the nine localities. This is explained by the mode of sampling. (4) The catches show the following relative abundance: Diptera 1/2, Hymenoptera 1/5, Lepidoptera 1/7, Coleoptera 1/20, Hemiptera 1/40, Orthoptera 1/50, others less than one percent. (5) The variation within the orders was: Diptera 36—72%, Hymenoptera 11—33%, Lepidoptera 8—37%, Coleoptera 1—11%, Hemiptera 1/2—9% and Orthoptera 1—4%. (6) Most of the collected insects belong to dayfliers, i.e.: Diptera, most of the Hymenoptera (Aculeata), Lepidoptera Rhopalocera and Odonata. Other species collected are active at night. The moths and micro’s were represented 10 times as many as the Rhopalocera, but the Nematocera formed only 1/6 of the Diptera. Among the flies 1/5 belonged to the Tabanidae.