Showing papers on "Murraya published in 2005"

Evaluation of the Ethnomedical Claims of Murraya koenigii.

Abstract: Based on sethnomedicine, Murraya koenigii. (L.) Spreng. is used as a stimulant, antidysentery, and for the management of diabetes mellitus. Twelve carbazole alkaloids were isolated from the stem, seed, and leaf of the plant growing in Nigeria and Sri Lanka. The methanol extracts were devoid of hypoglycemic activity, and some isolates decreased insulin secretion when they were subjected to both in vivo. and in vitro. (insulin secretion from INS-1 cells) antidiabetic tests. The cytotoxicity of the leaf and stem methanol extracts determined by the brine shrimp lethality bioassay were LC50 61.5 and 14.5 µg/ml, respectively. These extracts caused CNS depression in albino mice at the dose levels of 25–400 mg/kg. Also, they had an IC50 of 34.0 and 35.0 µg/ml at 24 h, respectively, against trichomonas. These results confirmed the use of the plant as an antidysentery caused by trichomonas but refute the antidiabetic and stimulant ethnomedical claims for the plant. The differences observed in their alkaloid...

Location and Preference of Adult Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Homoptera: Psyllidae) on Chinese Box Orange Jasmine, Murraya exotica L. and Flat Lemon, Citrus depressa.

Abstract: The location and preference of adult Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, a vector of the citrus huanglongbing (greening disease) Liberobacter asiaticum, on two host plants, Murraya exotica L. and Citrus depressa Hayata, were investigated in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. While the adults of D. citri were found on all parts of the C. depressa tree and on the M. exotica tree, all of the D. citri eggs and most of the nymphs and adults were found on young shoots and young leaves. We suggest that it is possible to save labor in the investigation and control of the psyllid by attentively checking the young shoots of M. exotica. Investigation on the distribution of D. citri adults on M. exotica plantlets hung upside down in a container showed that although no difference was found between frequencies of males on young leaves and mature leaves, significantly more females were found on the apical buds, suggesting that females have a preference for this part of the tree.

Chemical composition of the leaf and fruit essential oils of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. (Syn. Murraya exotica Linn.)

Abstract: The essential oils from the leaves and fruits of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. grown in Nigeria were analysed by means of gas chromatograph and gas chromatograph interfaced with mass spectrometry. Both oils were rich in sesquiterpenoids. The principal constituents of the leaf oil were β-cyclocitral (22.9%), methyl salicylate (22.4%), trans-nerolidol (11.7%), α-cubebene (7.9%), (−)-cubenol (6.8%), β-cubebene (5.8%) and isogermacrene (5.7%). The most abundant constituent of the fruit essential oil was β-caryophyllene (43.4%). Other major components were (−)-zingiberene (18.9%), germacrene D (8.3%), α-copaene (5.5%) and α-humulene (5.1%). The compositions of both oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Two new dimeric coumarins isolated from Murraya exotica

Abstract: Bismurrangatin and murramarin A, two new coumarins, were isolated from the vegetative branches of Murraya exotica. Murramarin A is a rare type of bicoumarin that connects two coumarin moieties by orthoester structure. The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods, especially by 2D-NMR experiments.

Flavour volatiles of leaves, fruits and seed cotyledons of Murraya koenigii L.

Abstract: The flavour volatile constituents of seed cotyledons, fruits and leaves of Murraya koenigii L. (curry leaf plant), grown in Hyderabad, India, were analysed by GC-MS and compared with curry leaf flavour constituents. These consist of monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The major constituents of curry leaf are monoterpenes (70%); seed cotyledons (86%), constituting -pinene (52%) and cis-s-ocimene (34%); raw fruit oil containing monoterpenes (80%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (4.8%); and fruit pulp oil containing monoterpenes (61%). The present findings constitute the first report of volatile constituents of parts of Murraya koenigii L. other than the leaves.

The hypoglycaemic effect of curry leaves (Murraya Koenigii spreng).

Abstract: oi l s (con ta in ing sesqu i te rpenes and monoterpenes-be ta ca ryophyl l ine , be ta gurjunene, beta elemene, beta phellandrene, beta thujene, alpha selinene, beta bisabolene, and beta cadinene) (6). The essential oils in the curry leaves are suff icient ly soluble in water. The f resh curry leaves conta in (per 100 g) : to ta l ca ro tene-21000 μg , be ta carotene-7100 μg, tota l fol ic acid-93.9 μg, riboflavin-0.21 mg (7). The fresh curry leave have chlorophyll , terpenes and ant ioxidants which may a l so con t r ibu te in the hypoglycaemic effect and increased insul in secre t ion in add i t ion to the subs tances ment ioned . The use of f resh cur ry leaves would have been cons idered ins tead of dry powder. In a s tudy on the cur ry leaves we have observed tha t ho ld ing of 2 to 4 fresh curry leaves in the mouth for 5 to 7 minutes i s he lpfu l in reduc ing halitosis and this is due to the presence of te rpenes , ch lorophyl l and an t iox idan ts in them (8) .

Natural Occurrence of a Potyvirus on Murraya koenigii in India.

Abstract: Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng., a small, strong-smelling umbrageous tree with subcampanulate white flowers belonging to the family Rutaceae, is native to India and southeastern Asia (2). It is distributed across the Indian subcontinent excluding the higher elevations of the Himalayas. In India, the leaves are mainly used for culinary purposes. The leaves are commonly known as curry leaves or ‘sweet neem’. The whole plant including bark, root, leaves, fruits, and fruit pulp is used medicinally. This plant was reported to be a host of Citrus tristeza virus (1). In a survey of potyvirus incidence in the northwestern Himalaya foothills of the Kangra and Hamirpur districts in the state of Himachal Pradesh in 2004, M. koenigii plants showing mosaic symptoms on leaves, typical of a virus infection, were frequently observed. Symptomatic leaves were tested for the presence of several viruses using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with specific antibodies. Positive results were obtained with potyvirus group specifi...

Studies on a Carbazole Alkaloid from Murraya koenigii Spreng. and Flavonoids from Pongamia glabra Vent.

Abstract: Phytochemical investigations on the root bark of Murraya koenigii Spreng. (Fam. Rutactae) afforded a new carbazole alkaloid (1a), churactcrized as 3,6-dimethyl-1-isopentenylcarbazole, on the basis of spectral data, and its N-methyl derivative (1b) was also synthesized. In addition, two known flavonoids, pongamol (2), and karanjin (3) were isolated from the seeds of Pangamia glabra Vent. (Fam. Leguminosae) and these two compounds were independently characterized by us with some new structural probability of pongamol (2) on the basis of spectral evidences. All these compounds were subjected to the comparative larvicidal studies on the third instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus at 100 ppm concentration at an interval of 24 h; some activity was observed which was related to their structural features.