Showing papers on "Psychiatric interview published in 1985"
TL;DR: Intraclass correlations between symptom scores derived from the interviews indicated that parents were generally more reliable than children in reporting child symptoms, however, test-retest reliabilities showed an opposite age pattern for parent and child.
Abstract: The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, a highly structured interview covering a broad range of clinically relevant symptoms and behaviors, was administered to 242 disturbed children and their parents. Parent and child were interviewed separately and were assessed twice at a median interval of 9 days. Intraclass correlations between symptom scores derived from the interviews indicated that parents were generally more reliable than children in reporting child symptoms. However, test-retest reliabilities showed an opposite age pattern for parent and child. The reliability of the child's report increased with age and was lower for children aged 6-9 than those aged 10-13 and 14-18. Conversely, the reliability of the parent's report decreased with the age of the child and was slightly higher for children aged 6-9 than those aged 10-13 and 14-18. These findings were interpreted in terms of children's cognitive development and age-related shifts in parents' perceptions and awareness of their children's behavior.
506 citations
TL;DR: This study examined discrepancies between parents' and children's reports of children's behaviors, finding depressed parents did not report their children to be depressed, and efforts toward understanding and resolving parent/child disagreement were discussed.
Abstract: This study examined discrepancies between parents' and children's reports of children's behaviors. Fifty children and adolescents of 24 affective-disordered patients were interviewed in a highly structured psychiatric interview, the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents. Parents were interviewed about their children with a parallel instrument, the DICA-P. Diagnoses based on children's reports indicated a high prevalence of depression. However, the depressed parents did not report their children to be depressed. Rather, they reported high rates of oppositional and attention problems in their children. Efforts toward understanding and resolving parent/child disagreement are discussed.
196 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that death wish, suicidal intention, and other psychologic symptoms should receive particular attention in the clinical assessment of depression in patients with end-stage renal disease.
158 citations
TL;DR: Those women whose menopause started early were more often mentally impaired than others and they also tended to have been more often impaired even before the climacteric (ages 30‐39).
Abstract: A representative sample of 899 middle-aged urban Swedish women underwent a psychiatric interview on two occasions with 6 years between studies (waves). The point prevalence of all mental disorders was 39.9% at the first wave and 39.0% at the second. The corresponding one-year onset rates of all mental disorders were 18.0% and 14.2%. No significant differences were found between ages or between waves. Major depressive episodes accounted for about half of the psychiatric morbidity. Those women whose menopause started early were more often mentally impaired than others and they also tended to have been more often impaired even before the climacteric (ages 30-39). Menopause was not associated with any onset risk of mental disorder, but a relationship was found between this rate and the weighted sum of other life events. The latter association remained significant even when correction was made for age, social class and marital status. Divorced and the childless women ran an increased risk of developing a mental disorder with functional impairment in the 6-year period between the waves. Women from the lower social classes evidenced an increased risk of contracting some mental disorder during the same period.
86 citations
TL;DR: The psychiatric interview did uncover psychologic conflicts, the most prevalent of which was a problem between the woman and her mother in which psychologic boundaries between the two women were confused.
78 citations
TL;DR: The study demonstrated the feasibility of using a highly structured psychiatric interview in a community study, and suggests that pediatricians may be more sensitive to parents' reports of severe disorder than to milder or child-reported problems.
Abstract: Pediatricians' awareness of psychiatric disorder in their patients was examined in a feasibility study of the use of a highly structured psychiatric interview with 40 parents and children from a Health Maintenance Organization. Pediatricians identified 4 children (10%) as having psychiatric problems. These four had the highest symptom scores on the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children interview with the parent (DISC-P), as well as high symptom scores based on the DISC interview with the child. Three of the four were behaviorally deviant according to the Child Behavior Checklist, a parent-rated questionnaire. Pediatricians' diagnoses were more consistent with parents' reports than with the children's own reports of symptoms. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using a highly structured psychiatric interview in a community study, and suggests that pediatricians may be more sensitive to parents' reports of severe disorder than to milder or child-reported problems.
51 citations
TL;DR: The findings indicate that lay interviewers, when sufficiently trained, may be used in similar epidemiological studies using a structured psychiatric interview.
Abstract: Data were obtained on 612 youths aged 9–18 years regarding their feelings and attitudes toward a psychiatric interview schedule administred by trained lay interviewers. The overwhelming majority of respondents reported experiencing no ill effects from the interview. Moreover, with regard to the very few youths ( N = 10) who were observed by the interviewer to have been upset during the interview, not one parent reported any negative effects subsequent to the interview. The findings indicate that lay interviewers, when sufficiently trained, may be used in similar epidemiological studies using a structured psychiatric interview.
18 citations
TL;DR: It has often been suggested that Americans tend to seek psychiatric help for depression, whereas Chinese patients are more likely to have somatic symptoms of emotional disturbance, but when studying 99 Taiwanese and 97 American psychiatric outpatients given computerized diagnoses based on information obtained in a standard psychiatric interview schedule, it was found that the Chinese patients scored higher on the measures of somatization.
Abstract: It has often been suggested that Americans tend to seek psychiatric help for depression, whereas Chinese patients are more likely to have somatic symptoms of emotional disturbance. When the authors tested this assumption by studying 99 Taiwanese and 97 American psychiatric outpatients given computerized diagnoses based on information obtained in a standard psychiatric interview schedule, they found that the Chinese patients scored higher on the measures of somatization but also on the measures of depression.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define the difference between the public and private interview, review the pertinent literature, and describe personal experiences with a variety of observational situations, focusing on how observation affects the concentration of the therapist, how it changes the social uniqueness of the therapy situation, and how, with the addition of a potential audience, the one-to-one situation may become more like a group situation.
Abstract: As videotaping, one-way screens, and other audiovisual aids are used more frequently for teaching and research purposes in psychiatry, it becomes increasingly important to define how the fact of observation changes the traditionally private psychiatric interview. The author defines the difference between the public and private interview, reviews the pertinent literature, and describes personal experiences with a variety of observational situations. He focuses on how observation affects the concentration of the therapist, how it changes the social uniqueness of the therapy situation, and how, with the addition of a potential audience, the one-to-one situation may become more like a group situation, in which different psychological mechanisms may be employed.
13 citations
TL;DR: Twenty patients with dementia were assessed by two raters, using the Standardised Psychiatric Interview of Goldberg et al (1970), which does not appear to provide a full picture of psychiatric (excluding cognitive) symptoms in demented patients.
Abstract: Twenty patients with dementia were assessed by two raters, using the Standardised Psychiatric Interview of Goldberg et al (1970). Inter-rater reliability was good or fair for many items, but test-retest reliability and validity were less good. A single interview does not appear to provide a full picture of psychiatric (excluding cognitive) symptoms in demented patients.
8 citations
01 Mar 1985
TL;DR: The present paper reports the most relevant results from an epidemiologic survey that was carried out in a hospital's general practice service in Mexico, where the prevalence of mental disorders obtained for the mixed population was of 34%, being of 26% for men and of 36% for women.
Abstract: The present paper reports the most relevant results from an epidemiologic survey that was carried out in a hospital's general practice service in Mexico. The survey comprises several issues such-as: the validity and standardization of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), a screening instrument, designed for the early detection of mental disorders, which is validated against the clinical criteria expressed through the Standardized Psychiatric Interview (SPI), the prevalence of psychiatric disorders which includes type of syndromes and affected subgroups, the relation between the ratings of the SPI and the scales of the GHQ (somatic symptoms, sleep disturbances, social disfunction and severe depression) with demographic variables. From the population attending the service during a period of 5 weeks, a total of 619 patients, to whom the GHQ was administered, were randomly selected. From this sample 364 patients were separately interviewed by means of the SPI. No significant differences were found between the sample and the population regarding age, sex, and educational level. The prevalence of mental disorders obtained for the mixed population was of 34%, being of 26% for men and of 36% for women. The only risk factor found for both populations was the low educational level of the head of the family. In the multiple regression analysis, significant differences were found among some groups in spite of the low predictive power of the studied variables.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results supported clinical observations, suggesting that severity of brain damage could also be assessed by the nature of psychiatric symptomatology exhibited following the injury, and classification into Extroversion and Introversion was done.
Abstract: The present study was designed to validate our ongoing clinical observations, which reveal that distinct clusters of psychiatric symptoms tend to develop following mild or severe brain injury, independently of injury location. These clusters are termed "Extroversion" and "Introversion" syndromes respectively. The symptoms constituting each syndrome manifest themselves along four domains: behavior, personality, affect and cognition. The study sample included 85 brain-injured patients recalled for a follow-up examination 2-3 years after discharge from hospital. Classification into Extroversion and Introversion was done on the basis of a structured psychiatric interview. Severity of brain damage was independently assessed by combinations of five parameters: unconsciousness and PTA duration, cognitive deficiencies, communication and locomotor disorders. The results supported our clinical observations, suggesting that severity of brain damage could also be assessed by the nature of psychiatric symptomatology exhibited following the injury.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: 32 patients with lumbar disc herniation assessed by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and a psychiatric interview showed in the majority of cases unusual personality factors, so it seems, that also in a disease with well known structural lesions, psychological factors may play a part in manifestation.
Abstract: 32 patients with lumbar disc herniation were assessed by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and a psychiatric interview. After 1-2 years the final result was analysed. The MMPI profiles of the two groups with good or moderate to bad final result did not differ significantly and were within the normal range. The psychiatric evaluation showed in the majority of cases unusual personality factors. 23 of the 32 patients were in a critical life situation, so that it seems, that also in a disease with well known structural lesions, psychological factors may play a part in manifestation. The duration of the case history was markedly shorter in the group with moderate final result. After 1-2 years all patients except 1 were able to work or were retired. Gymnastics and sport were performed regularly only by about 1/3 of all patients.
Proceedings Article•
13 Nov 1985
TL;DR: The historical aspects of automated interviewing are examined and the implications for psychiatric practice are reflected upon.
Abstract: Computer technology is rapidly becoming an inseparable part of many health science specialties. The majority of these applications deal with the collection or interpretation of objective biochemical or physical data. Recently, efforts have been made towards the application of this technology in the more subjective field of psychiatry through computerized interviewing. This paper examines the historical aspects of automated interviewing and reflects upon the implications for psychiatric practice.