Showing papers on "Radial glial cell published in 1987"
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: A major step forward was achieved by culturing glial cells as mixed or pure populations as discussed by the authors, which allowed a better characterisation of glial properties and led to exciting new facets of the glial-neuronal communication in development and regeneration.
Abstract: At the beginning of this century popular books on the function of the nervous system depicted the brain more mechanistically as a fabrique, which was organized in a number of functional units (1) and supported by pipelines transporting the nutrients.This simplistic view saw mainly the neurons as the predominant elements at work, whereas the glial cells, which rule out the neurons in number by 10:1, had to manage their life as underdogs. Despite the efforts to demonstrate partnerships the hierarchic view prevailed until nowadays (2). Kolliker, Lugaro, Spemann and others outlined already decades ago that the nervous system will only function on the basis of cooperativity: different cellular elements have to fulfill different tasks and have to interact. The guidance of neurons by radial glial cells, the intercellular K+ regulation, the detoxification and the axonal ensheathment by oligodendroglial cells might serve as examples. Research progressed only slowly to support this concept of glial-neuronal interrelationships. A major step forward was achieved by culturing glial cells as mixed or pure populations. This allowed a better characterisation of glial properties. Together with the refinement of the experimental tools at our disposal, we are till now faced with exciting new facets of the glial-neuronal communication in development and regeneration. In the following sections properties of the individual neural cells will be presented and their response to environmental influences described.
40 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: The nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates contains neuroglial cells which completely separate neurons from the meninges, so it is not surprising that, in vertebrates, the number of non-radial or astrocyte-like glial cells increases with the expansion of intracerebral vascularization, while thenumber of radial or ependymal glial Cells decreases.
Abstract: The nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates contains neuroglial cells which completely separate neurons from the meninges. This “membrana limitans gliae” (Held, 1909) expands considerably where blood vessels enter the nervous tissue (Table 1). It is, therefore, not surprising that, in vertebrates, the number of non-radial or astrocyte-like glial cells increases with the expansion of intracerebral vascularization, while the number of radial or ependymal glial cells decreases (Sarnat et al., 1973). The correlation, however, is not absolute. Some non-radial glial cells occur in the absence of intracerebral vascularization (e.g., in the avascular spinal cord of Amphioxus; Bone 1960) and radial or ependymal glial cells (“Tanycytes”; Horstmann, 1954) can also form perivascular sheaths (e.g., Muller cells in vascularized retina). The data surveyed here may explain this lack of absolute correlation.
10 citations