Showing papers on "Remuneration published in 1980"

Choices for health care

Abstract: From the standpoint of social security, a health service providing full preventive and creative treatment of every kind to every citizen without exceptions, without remuneration limit and without an economic barrier at any point to delay recourse to it, is the ideal plan … The primary interest of the Ministry of Social Security is not in the details of the national health service or in its financial arrangements It is in finding a health service which will diminish disease by prevention and cure [1]

Wages Councils, The Equal Pay Act and Retail Distribution

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which implementation of the Equal Pay Act 1970 in retail distribution has been influenced by the wages regulation orders of the industry's Wages Councils. In concentrating on machinery for determining statutory minimum levels of remuneration (SMR) it is recognised that there are obvious dangers in ignoring the role played by collective bargaining, and of drawing conclusions about pay which are unrelated to total earnings. In particular branches of retailing, notably in co‐operative societies and amongst multiple organisations, pay and other conditions of employment are negotiated almost entirely by the Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers (USDAW). The general image of retail employment nevertheless remains one of low pay. Negotiated pay structures provide minimum rates which are low in comparison with those in most other industries, and the coverage of trade union recognition and negotiation has not achieved a level sufficient to question the need for statutory minimum wages regulation in the industry as a whole. It will be shown that retail Wages Councils place severe restrictions in the way of progress towards equal treatment of men and women by fixing SMRs bearing a minimal relationship to men's total earnings — an argument which may be applied with only slight modification to the functioning of the industry's main collective agreements, in which the lowest‐paid occupations are those held almost entirely by women.

The Rewards and Compensation for Expatriates in the 1980s

Abstract: The basic purpose of this article is to review briefly those factors most likely to have a major influence on remuneration and compensation policy for expatriates in the 1980s and how these factors may be reflected in changes in policy and approach. These two aspects are, however, closely interrelated so have not been dealt with as completely separate subjects.

The exchange value of nonpecuniary benefits

Abstract: Several important contributions to the property rights literature develop the point that different institutional arrangements lead to differences in the relative cost of income in pecuniary form versus income in nonpecuniary form. This analytical framework is rich in positive content, although few attempts have been made to measure directly the exchange value of nonpecuniary income. This paper posits a simple method for approximating the exchange value of nonpecuniary rewards and offers some estimates of this value for a particular occupational category: namely, scientists in the United States. The results of this estimation indicate that nonpecuniary benefits are an important component of total remuneration in government employment relative to private sector employment for this occupational group.