Showing papers on "Resource management published in 1976"

Mathematical bioeconomics: The optimal management of renewable resources

Abstract: Introduction. 1. Elementary Dynamics of Exploited Populations. 1.1 The Logistic Growth Model. 1.2 Generalized Logistic Models: Depensation. 1.3 Summary and Critique. 2. Economic Models of Renewable-Resource Harvesting. 2.1 The Open-Access Fishery. 2.2 Economic Overfishing. 2.3 Biological Overfishing. 2.4 Optimal Fishery Management. 2.5 The Optimal Harvest Policy. 2.6 Examples Based on the Schaefer Model. 2.7 Linear Variational Problems. 2.8 The Possibility of Extinction. 2.9 Summary and Critique. 3. Capital-Theoretic Aspects of Resource Management. 3.1 Interest and Discount Rates. 3.2 Capital Theory and Renewable Resources. 3.3 Nonautonomous Models. 3.4 Applications to Policy Problems: Labor Mobility in the Fishery. 4. Optimal Control Theory. 4.1 One-Dimensional Control Problems. 4.2 A Nonlinear Fishery Model. 4.3 Economic Interpretation of the Maximum Principle. 4.4 Multidimensional Optimal Control Problem. 4.5 Optimal Investment in Renewable-Resource Harvesting. 5. Supply and Demand: Nonlinear Models. 5.1 The Elementary Theory of Supply and Demand. 5.2 Supply and Demand in Fisheries. 5.3 Nonlinear Cost Effects: Pulse Fishing. 5.4 Game-Theoretic Models. 5.5 Transboundary Fishery Resources: A Further Application of the Theory. 5.6 Summary and Critique. 6. Dynamical Systems. 6.1 Basic Theory. 6.2 Dynamical Systems in the Plane: Linear Theory. 6.3 Isoclines. 6.4 Nonlinear Plane-Autonomous Systems. 6.5 Limit Cycles. 6.6 Gause's Model of Interspecific Competition. 7. Discrete-Time and Metered Models. 7.1 A General Metered Stock-Recruitment Model. 7.2 The Beverton-Holt Stock-Recruitment Model. 7.3 Depensation Models. 7.4 Overcompensation. 7.5 A Simple Cohort Model. 7.6 The Production Function of a Fishery. 7.7 Optimal Harvest Policies. 7.8 The Discrete Maximum Principle. 7.9 Dynamic Programming. 8. The Theory of Resource Regulation. 8.1 A Behavioral Model. 8.2 Optimization Analysis. 8.3 Limited Entry. 8.4 Taxes and Allocated Transferable Quotas. 8.5 Total Catch Quotas. 8.6 Summary and Critique. 9. Growth and Aging. 9.1 Forestry Management: The Faustmann Model. 9.2 The Beverton-Holt Fisheries Model. 9.3 Dynamic Optimization in the Beverton-Holt Model. 9.4 The Case of Bounded F. 9.5 Multiple, Cohorts: Nonselective Gear. 9.6 Pulse Fishing. 9.7 Multiple Cohorts: Selective Gear. 9.8 Regulation. 9.9 Summary and Critique. 10. Multispecies Models. 10.1 Differential Productivity. 10.2 Harvesting Competing Populations. 10.3 Selective Harvesting. 10.4 A Diffusion Model: The Inshore-Offshore Fishery. 10.5 Summary and Critique. 11. Stochastic Resource Models. 11.1 Stochastic Dynamic Programming. 11.2 A Stochastic Forest Rotation Model. 11.3 Uncertainty and Learning. 11.4 Searching for Fish. 11.5 Summary and Critique. Supplementary Reading. References. Index.

The Statistical Prediction of Environmental Preferences Problems of Validity and Application

Abstract: This paper discusses a number of statistical and interpretive problems which arise in the analysis of complex, multivariate data common in the study of man-environment relations. The problems are encountered in the course of a detailed analysis of a multiple regression model of landscape preferences developed by Shafer and coworkers. Questions raised by the analysis suggest that the predictive validity of the model and its usefulness for making any resource management decisions have not yet been demonstrated.

Natural resources for a democratic society: public participation in decision-making. [Book: collection of 12 essays]

Abstract: Decision-making in resources development in the 1970s faces an increasingly critical challenge: how to accommodate a growing demand for a more direct public involvement in planning and policy-making. This volume presents a synthesis of the experience in North America and Europe to date and offers some suggestions as to the likely shape of public participation in resources development decision-making in the years ahead. Papers included are: The Culture of Participation in Environmental Decision Making, W.R. Derrick Sewell and Timothy O'Riordan; Citizen Participation--Practice in Search of a Theory, Norman Wengert; Who Participates--A Sociological Interpretation of Natural Resource Decisions, William R. Burch, Jr.; Policy Making and Environmental Management--Some Thoughts on Processes and Research Issues, Timothy O'Riordan; Legal Foundations for Public Participation in Environmental Decision Making, Alastair R. Lucas; Regressive Siting of Public Facilities, Julian Wolpert; Public Participation in Environmental Management--A Case Study, Paul Wilkinson; Conflict in Resource Management and the Use of Threat: The Goldstream Controversy, Colin J.B. Wood; The Role of the Public in Water Management Decisions in France, P.F. Teniere-Buchot; The Public Involvement Program in the Okanagan Basin Study, Jon O'Riordan; Some Observations on Alternative Mechanisms for Public Involvement--The Hearing, Public Opinion Poll, the Workshop and the Quasi-Experiment, Thomas A.more » Heberlein; and Analyzing Public Input to Resource Decisions--Criteria, Principles and Case Examples of the CODINVOLVE System, Roger N. Clark and George H. Stankey.« less

Nonquantitative methods in water resources management.

Abstract: In water resources planning, problems often arise where consideration has to be given to intangible variables. If “quantitative” optimization techniques are used, assigning numeric values to the intangibles usually fails to account for them satisfactorily. Furthermore quantifying such factors can be classed under “unnatural” methods of analysis. This is particularly true in humanistic and societal decision making, where one has to make many kinds of ethical and value judgments. Quantitative optimization methods though precise, become hard to justify unless supplemented by subjective and other criteria. This paper examines the aforesaid problems and surveys alternative methods of analysis based upon “nonquantitative” (i.e., “non-numeric” and “quasi-numeric”) considerations of the variables. These methods include fuzzy set theory, metagame analysis, and pseudoboolean methods.

Current Status and Future Prospects for Harvesting and Resource Management of the Agarophyte in Japan

Abstract: Agar-agar manufacturing was Japan’s monopoly for about 300 yr from 1644 until about 1920, when its production was initiated in the USA by introducing techniques from Japan, and then was begun in South Korea, Indonesia, and many other countries. Today the average annual output of agar-agar of over 20 countries amounts to 6000 tons, half of which is produced in Japan.Agarophytes are harvested in many countries and traded among them. In Japan, nearly 14,000 tons are consumed in a year, two thirds of which are imported from about 20 countries.Under these circumstances, there is a worldwide demand for appropriate measures for resource conservation, effective harvesting, and utilization of agarophytes.This paper presents the results of basic and applied investigations on the agarophytes and the existing state of harvesting and resource-conservation management in Japan.

Extending Concurrent Pascal to allow dynamic resource management

Abstract: In Concurrent Pascal, the syntactic and semantic definition of the language prevents the inadvertent definition of a program that might violate the integrity of a shared data object. However, the language also does not allow the dynamic allocation of reusable resources among processes, and this restriction seems unnecessarily stringent. This paper proposes the addition to Concurrent Pascal of a new type of program component, to be called a resource manager. By this means, dynamic resource allocation can be accomplished both safely and efficiently. The notion that a process holds access rights to a resource is generalized to the notion that it holds capability rights, but the capability to actually make use of a resource is granted dynamically. The anonymity of dynamically allocatable resources is also guaranteed.

Applying the human resource account framework in an international airline

Abstract: The paper describes a project in an international airline which aimed to utilise the Human Resource Accounting framework in an attempt to consider skill development as an investment, rather than a cost. The project also focused on the skill mixes requisite for certain groups and the organizational factors which affected the balance of skills.

Education: One Element in GE's Approach to Human Resource Development

Abstract: Human resources is a term that refers collectively to employee potential for contributing individually and in concert to the achievement of an organization's objectives. Human resource management helps to assure the productivity and viability of the work force through recruiting, utilization, and development of the work force. Recruiting involves planning, attracting and screening candidates, and hiring of employees. Utilization involves guiding and leading employees to accomplish the desired work according to schedule, within cost, and to preset standards of performance. Development as one of the three major thrusts of human resource involves encouraging employees and providing means for their growth to cope with new and/or different job requirements and challenges. Career development is a complex, life-long learning process for producing and accumulating the relevant know-how, skills, art, and attributes used by engineers, managers, and other professionals who are the leaders of our society. Within the pertinent societal and organizational environment, career development seems to be influenced primarily by work assigments (80 percent); supervision and coaching (10 percent); career planning (3 percent); education (5 percent); and other activities (2 percent). Education is used broadly to include combinations of off-the-job training, indoctrination, instruction and studying that facilitate the production and accumulation of know-how, skills, art, and attributes.

Development planning policies of the national water and soil conservation organisation

Abstract: As regional managers in public administration in their field of responsibility, catchment authorities have had lengthy experience of resource development planning; and working in the very necessary close partnership with landowners and others, they have planned, promoted and completed many major projects in most parts of New Zealand. The first projects were in river control and drainage; these were followed by comprehensive catchment control schemes, and by extensive resource management schemes particularly in regard to water; and a growing contribution is now being made to safe development in urban - and coastal - zones.

A Primer on Economic Analysis for Naval Training Systems

Abstract: : The purpose of this report is to provide additional amplification for the concepts, purpose, techniques, and procedures of economic analysis. It also focuses on and discusses potential difficulties one is likely to encounter in doing an economic analysis. The steps involved in an economic analysis are discussed in detail.

Performance adaptive resource allocation in a time-varying environment

Abstract: This paper presents a performance adaptive algorithm for the allocation of information gathering (probing) resources and action resources in a time-varying environment. A suboptimal procedure that preserves the essential features of stochastic dynamic programming is developed. The information gathering resources are allocated using the prior probability density function of the subsequent observations in order to evaluate the value of future information. This value is measured in terms of the improvement in the performance index when the action resources are allocated subsequently with more accurate, even though still imperfect, information.

The Common Heritage of Mankind: Resource Management of the International Seabed

Abstract: The concepts \"ocean\" and \"law\" do not mix easily. We prefer to think of the sea, like the wilderness, as the domain of rugged pioneers, whose opportunistic exploitation of natural resources we mask in romantic notions of daring and the spread of civilization. For centuries, \"freedom of the sea\" has governed the development of ocean law, but only the great maritime powers were able to make use of this \"freedom.\" Ideals of communication and exchange between cultures were used to justify the creation of colonial empires. To the subject peoples, freedom of the sea was the equivalent of freedom of contract to the workers of industrial Europe and America: a doctrine of submission.