Showing papers on "Sodium propionate published in 1998"

Effect of Acetate and Propionate Co-ions on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Water

Abstract: Electrical conductivities of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous sodium acetate (NaAc) and sodium propionate (NaPr) solutions of different concentrations were measured at 25 °C. An anomalous behavior in the form of minima in the plots of critical micelle concentration (cmc) of SDS versus concentration of NaAc and NaPr was observed, thereby indicating the effect of acetate and propionate co-ions on micellization. The conductivity data were analyzed using a conductivity equation derived on the basis of a mixed-electrolyte model for surfactant solutions wherein ion−ion interactions were accounted for by the Debye−Huckel−Onsager equation. Such an analysis provided a method to estimate the values of cmc, counterion binding constant, and aggregation number directly from conductivity data. It was observed that ionic micelles contribute to electrical conductivity but not to ionic strength of surfactant solution. The surface potentials of SDS micelles in NaAc and NaPr solutions were computed by solving the Poi...

Biosynthesis of amphotericin B

Abstract: The high level incorporation of isotopically labelled sodium acetate and sodium propionate into amphotericin B is reported. Double quantum filtered heteronuclear single quantum coherence NMR (DQF-HSQC) is employed to demonstrate coupling between labelled carbons on intact acetate units after biosynthesis. Electrospray mass spectroscopy demonstrates the high level incorporation of label is present in only half the molecules, the other half remaining unlabelled.

Method for decomposition of organic chlorine compound in soil and/or ground water

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress useless consumption of a hydrogen donor by supplying a decomposition-inhibitor of one type or two and more types selected from a group of acetic acid, formic acid and their salts together with the hydrogen donor. SOLUTION: A decomposition-inhibitor of about 100-1,000 mg/L of an aqueous solution of one type or two and more types selected from a group of acetic acid, formic acid and their salts is supplied into soil and ground water together with a hydrogen donor using a seccharide, organic salts, alcohols, proteins or their mixtures, and ethanol, propionic acid or alkali-metal salts of propionic acid, such as sodium propionate and potassium propionate. As a result it makes possible to improve the efficiency of utilization of the hydrogen donor by suppression of useless consumption of the hydrogen donor, and it makes possible to decompose organic chlorine compounds efficiently with a smaller amount of the hydrogen donor.

Supplementary grain and sodium propionate increase the liveweight gain and glucose entry rates of steers given molasses diets

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplements of sorghum grain (1.1 kg/day), sodium propionate (65 g/day) and intra-abomasal glucose infusion (200 g/day) on the liveweight gain (LWG), glucose metabolism and nitrogen utilization of Hereford steers (four per group) given molasses-based diets ad libitum (molasses 589, urea 18, sunflower meal 194, pangola grass hay 187, minerals 12 g/kg as fed). There was no significant effect of treatment on voluntary feed consumption (97-106 g dry matter (DM)/kg per day) or DM digestibility (0.564-0.579). The LWG of steers given grain supplements (899 g/day) and sodium propionate (943 g/day) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of steers given the basal diet (741 g/day) and basal diet plus glucose infusion (794 g/day). All supplements decreased plasma urea concentrations and urinary N excretion and increased the efficiency of N utilization from 0.19 to 0.36-0.38 g N retained per g apparently digested N intake. The provision of grain (13% DM intake) increased ammonia and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in rumen fluid, and both grain and sodium propionate increased the proportion of propionic acid in ruminal VFA. Grain supplementation and glucose infusions significantly (P < 0.05) increased glucose entry rates (g/day and g/kg per day) without affecting plasma glucose concentrations or glucose pool size and space. Sodium propionate supplements increased plasma insulin concentrations to a lesser extent than grain supplements and glucose infusion. Increased glucose availability in the present studies was associated with an improved utilization of dietary protein and, in some cases, with improved LWG.

Methods of preparation and using antimicrobial products

Abstract: Novel antimicrobial products and methods of making and using the same are shown, whereby the products can be used in the same or greater percentages as conventional microbial growth inhibitors without imparting an off-flavor, taste, color or odor to the products in which they are used. The antimicrobial products are formed by reacting azodicarbonamide or an ammonia gas with a compound selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, calcium benzoate, potassium benzoate, acetic acid, sodium diacetate, paraben, niacin, calcium acetate, calcium diacetate, citric acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, sorbic acid, sodium sorbate, calcium sorbate, potassium sorbate, propionic acid, sodium propionate, calcium propionate, potassium propionate and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the product is prepared by placing a layer of azodicarbonamide on a substrate and covering the layer with a gas permeable separator. The antimicrobial compound is then added on top of the separator, and the combination is heated to form the final product. In another embodiment, the product is prepared by exposing the antimicrobial compound to an ammonia gas. The ammonia gas reacts with free acids in the antimicrobial compound to convert the free acids into ammonium salts, thereby eliminating off-flavor and off-odor of the resulting antimicrobial product. The antimicrobial products prepared according to the present invention are suitable for use in foodstuffs, sanitation products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and so forth.

Method of enhancing the antimicrobial properties of antibacterial antibiotics

Abstract: A method for controlling plant diseases utilizes a mixture of antibiotics and food additives or food preservatives. The mixture is sprayed on the plants twice per week for three weeks, then once every three weeks. Such a regimen has been found to cure plant diseases of bacterial, fungal and viral origin. The preferred form of the mixture has four ingredients, with the antibiotics and food additives in a ratio of from 1:1 to 1:3. The antibiotics are selected from amoxicillin trihydrate and neomycin sulfate, and the food additives are selected from sodium propionate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, caffeine, vanillin, ascorbic acid, L-Arginine, thymol, cupric sulfate and ammonium benzoate.

Enhanced dechlorination of 2,3-chlorophenol in an anaerobic bioreactor by addition of auxiliary carbon sources

Abstract: Addition of an auxiliary carbon source (sodium acetate, sodium lactate, or yeast extract) to microbial consortia from an anaerobic bioreactor stimulated reductive dechlorination of 2,3-chlorophenol (CP) compared to unamended consortia or consortia amended with sodium formate or sodium propionate. However, no significant effects on dechlorination of 3-CP were observed by addition of auxiliary carbon sources. In a continuous-flow, anaerobic bioreactor, addition of sodium lactate resulted in a 2 to 3-fold increase in the rate of dechlorination of 2,3-CP compared to addition of sodium formate. Enhanced transformation of the dechlorination product (3-CP) was also evident. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998

Novel mold inhibitors and methods of making and using the same

Abstract: A mold growth inhibiting product for foodstuffs, comprising a mixture of: a) a first compound, wherein said first compound is azodicarbonamide; and b) a second compounds, wherein said second compound is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, lastic acid, fumaric acid, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, sodium sodium sorbate, calcium sorbate, propionic acid, potassium propionate, sodium propionate, calcium propionate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, calcium benzoate, potassium benzoate, paraben, acetic acid, calcium acetate or mixtures thereof.