Showing papers on "Sodium silicate published in 1973"

Process for preparing a petroleum cracking catalyst

Abstract: A process for preparing a hydrocarbon cracking catalyst is disclosed. The process consists of preparing a silica sol by rapid addition of a mineral acid to sodium silicate, adjusting the pH of the sol, adding clay and zeolitic components, spray drying, washing with water, rare earth exchanging if desired, and recovering the product. The catalyst is characterized by excellent attrition resistance and activity.

Effect of Phase Separation on Helium Migration in Sodium Silicate Glasses

Abstract: Helium permeability, diffusion, and solubility were measured in sodium silicate glasses containing 0 to 40 mol% Na2O. These properties appear to depend on the substructure of the glass, since definite inflections occur in the curves of diffusivity and solubility vs composition at the boundaries of the two-phase region. Similar inflections occur for the activation energy for diffusion and enthalpy of solution at the phase boundaries. These effects are explained by use of a two-component diffusion model within the miscibility gap and a one-component model in the single-phase region.

Crystalline silica compositions

Abstract: New crystalline silicas are synthesized from a sodium silicate or other silica source solution having a Na2O/SiO2 ratio of about 0.3 up to 7. These new silicas are formed at elevated temperatures wherein the precursor solution is at a pH of at least about 10. The precursor solution is aged for from 15-75 days, preferably with a promotor which is a metal salt of group 3A, 5B or 6B. Depending on the reaction period the silica is either of a very fine particle (<.2 Mu ) or of a platelet form.

Mold release composition for molten glass and method of application

Abstract: A composition and method is herein described for mold release and parting operations. The novel composition comprises a dispersion of a mixture of a solid lubricant, such as graphite or carbon, a carrier, a binder, and a s-triazinyl derivative. A preferred composition comprises graphite, aqueous carrier, sodium silicate and ammeline.

Detergent composed of hollow spherical pellets, and process for manufacturing the same

Abstract: This invention concerns detergents composed of hollow spherical pellets which have various advantages such as small apparent specific gravity, moderate congeability even at a high temperature and humidity, uniformity in diameter, and extremely high mechanical strength as well as high water solubility, which are obtained by pelletizing a detergent composition being in a plastic state, and containing mainly sodium silicate, surface active agent(s), water, and inorganic builders, followed by thermally drying and foaming said composition. Further, this invention provides an effective process for manufacturing such detergents.

Dishwashing compositions containing chlorinated isocyanurate

Abstract: An agglomerated dishwashing composition containing the following components:Sodium dichloroisocyanurate 0.5-10%dihydrateA polyphosphate having an 25-60%Na2 O or K2 O to P2 O5 ratio (anhydrous basis)of about 1:1 to 2:1Sodium carbonate 0-60% (anhydrous basis)A sodium silicate having 10-15%a SiO2 to Na2 O ratio of (total silicatefrom about 2.40 to about solids)3.22Low-foaming chlorine- 1-10%compatible nonionicsurfactantWater 5-20% The compositions exhibit lower chlorine loss than similar formulations containing commercial anhydrous sodium dichloroisocyanurate as the dry bleach component.

Process for purifying clay by selective flocculation

Abstract: An improved method for purifying kaolin clay containing colored impurities by forming a deflocculated aqueous slip of the impure clay and selectively flocculating the clay phase with an anionic polymeric flocculant, such as partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. A suspension of the impure clay is rendered strongly alkaline by addition of a soluble hydroxide compound before adding a strong polyanionic clay dispersant such as sodium silicate or sodium condensed phosphate to deflocculate the suspension. Thereafter the pH of the suspension is reduced to a neutral of mildly alkaline value. This is followed by incorporation of the anionic polymeric flocculant which selectively flocculates the clay, leaving the impurities deflocculated.

Microporous membrane process for making concentrated silica sols

Abstract: Aqueous silica sols having a pH from 8 to 11 containing 1 to 40% by weight of colloidal silica and soluble salts can be purified and concentrated by filtering the soluble salt from the sol using a microporous membrane filter while maintaining the salt concentration within a range determined by the concentration of silica in the sol. In one embodiment, colloidal silica particles are grown to a larger size by starting with a sol of nuclei, and adding sodium silicate solution and acid.

Trimethylsilyl Derivatives for the Study of Silicate Structures. Part III: Sodium Silicate Hydrates,

Abstract: A study was made of the yield and distribution of the products formed when Na2H2SiO4,4H2O, Na2H2SiO4,5H2O, and Na2H2SiO4,8H2O were treated by a direct method of trimethylsilylation reported previously. These soluble silicates are particularly prone to side reactions due to polymerisation of silicate ions in solution, yielding a distribution of products many of which are undetected chromatographically.Quantitative yields of the expected orthosilicate derivatives were obtained only when vanishingly small concentrations of silicate were used. Further experiments with the mineral hemimorphite confirmed that, for a unified method of trimethylsilylation applicable to different structures, careful control of the water content in the reaction medium is essential. Improvements in the trimethylsilylation and chromatographic procedures are described.

Foamed products from sodium silicate

Abstract: Foamed products from sodium silicate are disclosed. The products are autoclaved after formation of the foam is completed. The foam products are used as structural and insulation material.

Particulate silicate-hydroxyalkyl iminodiacetate built detergent compositions of improved properties

Abstract: A particulate heavy duty synthetic organic detergent which has improved aging properties includes a synthetic organic detergent of the anionic or nonionic type or a mixture thereof and a builder which is a hydroxyalkyl iminodicarboxylate hydrate. In preferred compositions the iminodicarboxylate hydrate is disodium 2-hydroxyethyl iminodiacetate hexahydrate, the detergent is a mixture of linear higher alkyl benzene sulfonate and higher fatty alcohol polyethoxylate and the detergent composition includes sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium sulfate and moisture. The described products are of better storage and aging properties than products of similar formulas in which the iminodicarboxylate is present but not as a hydrate. Also within the invention are methods for the manufacture of the described compositions in which all the formula except the iminodicarboxylate hydrate is spray dried from an aqueous crutcher mix to globular particles which are then mixed with iminodicarboxylate hydrate particles of similar sizes.

Nitrile hydrogenation process

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst of high activity, good crush strength and strong resistance to disintegration when employed in a fixed-bed hydrogenation process comprising a hydrogen-reduced mixture of sodium silicate and cobalt oxide in a weight ratio of sodium silicate:cobalt oxide of about 1:1 to 1:9.

Highly absorbent, low bulk density sodium silicate

Abstract: Spheroidal aggregates of highly absorbent, low bulk density, readily soluble, high surface area, hydrated, amorphous alkali metal silicate are provided by contacting discrete alkali metal silicate particles with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, absorbing the peroxide into the alkali metal silicate hydrated structure and heating the silicate to destroy substantially all of the hydrogen peroxide. CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

Refractory ramming mix

Abstract: A SODIUM SILICATE BONDED, MGO-CONTAININD, PREPARED REFRACTROY RAMMING MIX IS MADE FROM PREREACTED CHROMEPERICLASE OR PERICLASE-CHROME GRAIN, A SOLUBLE BORON COMPOUND, A WATER RETENTION AGENT, SODIUM SILICATE, AND WATER. CHROME ORE MAY BE SUBSTITUTED FOR THE PREREACTED GRAIN, AND THE COMPOSITION MAY CONTAIN UP TO 10% PERICLASE GRAM, THE BORON COMPOUND AND WATER RETENTION AGENT ARE MIXED DRY WITH THE REFRACTORY GRAIN, AND WATER SUBSEQUENTLY ADDED. AFTER THE WATER IS DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE BOROM COMPOUND AND WATER RETENTION AGENT COATING THE GRAIN, SODIUM SILICATE IS ADDED. THE PARTICULAR METHOD OF MIXING PRODUCES A PRODUCT WHICH CAN BE STORED FOR RELATIVELY LONG PERIODS OF TIME WITHOUT SETTING.

Magnesium aluminosilicate and process for the manufacture thereof

Abstract: Magnesium aluminosilicate, silicic acid of which is not absorbed through digestive tracts on administration, can be produced by reacting polymeric sodium silicate having a siloxane structure of a polymerization degree of 102 to 104 with sodium aluminate in an atomic ratio of Al to Si of 1 - 2 : 1 and then reacting the reaction mixture with a water soluble magnesium salt in an atomic ratio of Mg to Al of 0.5 - 1 : 1.

Manufacture of improved aqueous alkali metal silicate-alkali metal hydroxyalkyl iminodiacetate compositions

Abstract: Gelation and/or precipitation which normally result from the admixing of alkali metal silicates and alkali metal hydroxyalkyl iminodiacetates in aqueous media at elevated temperatures are prevented by raising the pH of the aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxyalkyl iminodiacetate to 12.5 or more before admixing with the alkali metal silicate. The process described makes a homogeneous mixture of the components and allows the production of a crutcher mix which does not block lines or spray nozzle orifices in the production of spray dried detergent compositions. The preferred silicate is sodium silicate of an Na 2 O:SiO 2 ratio of 1:2 to 1:2.4, the preferred iminodiacetate is disodium 2-hydroxyethyl iminodiacetate and a preferred compound for adjusting the pH is sodium carbonate, all of which are useful in the production of built non-phosphate heavy duty synthetic organic detergent compositions.

Production of high bulk density spray dried hydrous sodium silicate

Abstract: The invention is a process for preparing high bulk density spray dried hydrous sodium silicate which comprises providing a spray dried hydrous sodium silicate having from about 13 to about 25% water, compacting the spray dried hydrous sodium silicate by the application of mechanical force to cause the particles to adhere and form articles of a higher density. The high density articles can be broken up or granulated and sized to form a material having a bulk density and particle size in the desired range.

Growth of germanium films on glass

Abstract: Crystalline germanium films were grown by vacuum evaporation on heated corning glass substrates. Intrinsic germanium (99-999% and of 30 Ω-cm resistivity) was evaporated from a resistance-heated tungsten conical basket pasted with a paste of sodium silicate and alumina on to cleaned microscope glass slides with the help of a conventional vacuum system at pressure between 10−5 and 10−4 torr. The electrical conductivity of the films was measured in vacuum at temperatures varying between 77°K and 400°K. The island radius of the film is calculated using the Frenkel model and the grain size was found to increase with thickness.

Self-degradable glass containers

Abstract: THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO THE PRODUCTION OF GLASS ARTICLES AND, IN PARTICULAR, CONTAINERS HAVING COMPOSITIONS WITHIN CERTAIN SPECIFICALLY-DEFINED RANGES OF SODIUM SILICATE AND POTASSIUM SILICATE GLASSES WHICH ARE TREATED SO AS TO CAUSE SLEF-DEGRADATION OR DISINTEGRATION INTO FINELYDIVIDED PARTICLES. THE GLASS ARTICLES SHOULD BE UNDER ESSENTIALLY ZERO COMPRESSIVE STRESS AND THE TREATMENT THEREOF CONSISTS OF PLACING FINE FLAWS WITHIN THE SURFACE WHICH WILL INITIATE CRACKING OF THE GLASS WALL WHEN CONTACTED WITH MOISTURE IN THE ENVIRONMENT OR IMMERSION IN LIQUID WATER.

Desulphurising liq iron/steel - using a sodium silicate cpd as a slag

Abstract: Process uses a sodium silicate cpd. either as a slag recuperated from a previous sodium desulphurisation or a mixt. of 20.60% slag, 60-20% Na2CO2 and the rest limestone. The desulphurising agent is either placed in the liquid metal or injected into it by means of a neutral or reducing gas which acts as a carrier. The desulphurising agent may also be placed in the recipient in bulk before pouring in the liquid metal.

Spray-dried sodium silicate

Abstract: 1338850 Granules of sodium silicate STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO 8 June 1972 [21 June 1971] 26785/72 Heading C5D Dry, powdery particles containing at least 50% sodium silicate based upon the weight of solids and having a bulk density of at least about 0A45 grm./c.c., are obtained by (A) admixing an aqueous solution of sodium silicate with from 5 to 100%, based on the weight of sodium silicate, of one or more additives selected from alkali metal carbonates, sesquicarbonates, sulphates, chlorides, borates and tripolyphosphates and (B) introducing the resulting aqueous mixture into a spray dryer and spray drying it, the mixture containing sufficient of the additive and the spray drying temperature being such that homogeneous particles of the desired bulk density are obtained. The sodium silicate has a SiO 2 : Na 2 O ratio of 1 : 1 to 3A4 : 1. (B) may be in the form of an aqueous slurry in which a portion of the additive is undissolved. A spinning-disc atomizer and an inlet temperature in the dryer of 300-450‹ C. may be used.

The Internal Friction of Glasses Containing Alkali under an Electric Field

Abstract: The change of the internal friction of sodium silicate and sodium borate glasses under an electric field was studied by means of a torsion pendulum technique. It was found that the internal friction increased under an electric field and that the increase was related to the numbers of vibration, the strength of the electric field, and the Na2O content. The increase in internal friction in the glasses with a high Na2O content was large because of the electrolysis of the glasses, which resulted in the removal of sodium ions. It was proposed that the internal friction increased because the removal of sodium ions was promoted by torsional oscillation under an electric field and that the deformation of the network took place around holes which were left behind by the removal of the sodium ions.

Effect of phase separation on helium migration in sodium silicate glasses

Abstract: Helium permeability, diffusion, and solubility were measured in sodium silicate glasses containing 0 to 40 mol% Na2O. These properties appear to depend on the substructure of the glass, since definite inflections occur in the curves of diffusivity and solubility vs composition at the boundaries of the two-phase region. Similar inflections occur for the activation energy for diffusion and enthalpy of solution at the phase boundaries. These effects are explained by use of a two-component diffusion model within the miscibility gap and a one-component model in the single-phase region.

Desulphurising pig-iron - using silica-contg agent to avoid smoke prodn

Abstract: Siliceous material is added to the desulphurising agent comprising soda and limestone and/or fluorspar to increase the vaporisation pt. of the soda by formation of sodium silicate. Pref. additives are 5-20 wt.% sand to soda, limestone and fluorspar; 10-40 wt.% cement to soda and fluorspar; and 50-70 wt.% sodium metasilicate to lime.

Study of Phase-Separation Processes in the Sodium Silicate System by the Electromotive Force Method

Abstract: In this paper we examine the dependence of emf on temperature and concentration in sodium silicate melts in the composition range of 50–85 mole% SiO2 and at temperatures of 600–1400°. Electrochemical concentration cells of the type Pt:O2|Na2O·2SiO2 melt||xNa2O·ySiO2 melt| O2:Pt were investigated. The emf value is determined by the work of transfer of Na2O from one melt to the other, and is a quantitative measure of the basicity of the test melt relatively to the standard melt (Na2O·2SiO2).

Influence of the Oxides of Lithium, Potassium, and Cesium on Phase Separation in Sodium Silicate Glasses

Abstract: In studies of the structure of three-component silicate glasses containing two alkali metals it must be taken into account that the heterogeneous structure of two-component sodium and lithium silicate glasses results from liquid-liquid phase separation [1–7] and that the immis- cibility region extends to an alkali oxide content of about 20 mole% in the first case and 33 mole% in the second. The problem of the structure of glasses of the type xNa2O · (1-x)R2O · ySiO2 can then be approached by elucidation of the influence of addition of various alkali oxides on phase separation in the sodium silicate system.