Showing papers on "Speech Therapist published in 2017"

Detecting Abnormal Word Utterances in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Machine-Learning-Based Voice Analysis Versus Speech Therapists.

Abstract: Abnormal prosody is often evident in the voice intonations of individuals with autism spectrum disorders. We compared a machine-learning-based voice analysis with human hearing judgments made by 10 speech therapists for classifying children with autism spectrum disorders (n = 30) and typical development (n = 51). Using stimuli limited to single-word utterances, machine-learning-based voice analysis was superior to speech therapist judgments. There was a significantly higher true-positive than false-negative rate for machine-learning-based voice analysis but not for speech therapists. Results are discussed in terms of some artificiality of clinician judgments based on single-word utterances, and the objectivity machine-learning-based voice analysis adds to judging abnormal prosody.

A machine learning based system for the automatic evaluation of aphasia speech

Abstract: Aphasia is an acquired language disorder resulting from damage to language related networks of the brain, most often as a result of ischemic stroke or traumatic brain injury. Within the European Union, over 580000 people are affected each year. Both assessment and treatment of aphasia require the analysis of language, in particular of spontaneous speech. Factoring in therapy and diagnosis sessions, which require the presence of a speech therapist and a physician, aphasia is a resource intensive condition: It has been estimated that in Germany alone, there are 70000 new cases of stroke-related aphasia every year, 35000 of which persist over more than six months — all of which should receive formal diagnostic testing at some point. Having an automatic system for the detection and evaluation of aphasic speech would be of great benefit for the medical domain by immensely speeding up diagnostic processes and thus freeing up valuable resources for, e.g., therapy. As a first step towards building such a system, it is necessary to identify the vocal biomarkers which characterize aphasic speech. Furthermore, a database is needed which maps from recordings of aphasic speech to the type and severity of the disorder. In this paper, we present the vocal biomarkers and a description of the existing Aachen Aphasia database containing recordings and transcriptions of therapy sessions. We outline how the biomarkers and the database could be used to construct a recognition system which automatically maps pathological speech to aphasia type and severity.

The Design of a Mobile System for Voice e-Assessment and Vocal Hygiene e-Training

Abstract: Voice assessment is a complicated process and requires high level of expertise. Any attempt of designing and developing a mobile system dealing with voice evaluation and vocal hygiene e-training has to overcome various difficulties. The aim of this study, is to investigate the design of a mobile system with the knowledge on early voice evaluation and vocal hygiene. The user will have feedback on his/her voice profile and hygiene and if necessary will be pointed to consult an appropriate clinician (i.e. ear nose throat physician, gastroenterologist, speech therapist, and psychologist). The methodology tool is based on expert systems. The system’s knowledge acquisition on voice assessment and hygiene is acquired by a combination of the literature, empirical data and interdisciplinary experts’ collaboration. The system includes voice processing and user’s voice self-perception providing findings and suggestions towards a better well-being.

Self-perception versus professional assessment of functional outcome after ablative surgery in patients with oral cancer.

Abstract: The extent of functional impairment after ablative surgery in the orofacial region may be directly reflected in a reduction in Quality of Life. This study intended to compare the patients’ perception with an objective functional evaluation of the orofacial system in order to bilaterally distinguish direct influence factors. A total of 45 patients were included in this study and were asked to complete the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-30) and the Head and Neck 35 Module (H&N 35). Afterward one independent speech therapist evaluated the patients applying the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment regarding four main categories: mouth opening, tongue motility, swallowing and intelligibility. Comparisons between groups were performed using Whitney–Mann U–Wilcoxon test and calculating Spearman’s rho. Overall the professional assessments by the speech therapists revealed significantly higher scores regarding intelligibility, swallowing and mouth opening when compared to the patients’ self-perception. Smaller tumor sizes, no bone resection and local reconstruction techniques led to significantly better functional outcomes, when assessed by speech therapists. Swallowing was perceived significantly better by patients in cases of local reconstruction. From the professionals’ point of view differences were perceived in more items compared to the patients’ self-assessments, who widely experienced a more severe functional impairment. Physicians should take this into account when discussing adverse therapy effects with the patients.

Alteraciones Estructurales y Funcionales del Sistema Estomatognático: Manejo fonoaudiológico [estudio biliográfico]

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to review the literature on the structural and functional alterations of the Stomatognathic System and Speech Therapy as part of their treatment. A review of the basics of SCIELO , EBSCO and PubMed between 2009 and 2014 was performed using descriptors available in DECS , keywords were specified , making the search for documents according to criteria of inclusion and exclusion. 40 related articles, including 10 related to " Stomatognathic System " , 21 " Breathing Mouth " and 9 " Myofunctional Therapy " were found , the results indicate relationships between concepts , and multidisciplinary need for early intervention and interest among dentists and speech therapists Alterations by Stomatognathic System and Myofunctional Therapy . The literature refers to the normal development of Stomatognathic System develops desirable functions , but alterations of this system affect breathing, Sucking, swallowing , chewing , Speech and Social , Emotional , and Cognitive Aesthetic elements. The therapeutic effectiveness will increase the earlier you intervene. The efficacy of treatment will be related to myofunctional and dental combination therapy. In Chile there are no health programs for these patients , late queries are performed , resulting complex, lengthy and expensive treatments . The Myofunctional Therapy is the main strategy for the treatment of these disorders , but lack precise instruments and / or therapeutic procedures in Chile. Comes the need for interdisciplinary work, and strategies for community outreach and other specialists of the importance of pesquisar possible alterations and publicize the work of the Speech therapist about them

Intelligent malay speech therapy system

Abstract: This study describes the design of an intelligent computer based Malay speech therapy system for Malay vowels. The proposed system is very convenience for the patient can undergo therapy like they are speaking naturally. The target patient group is Malay children therefore the system is created based on male and female children from 7 to 12 years old. Multi layer Perceptron is used as a method of speech recognition in proposed system. The speech therapist can easily use this system to perform therapy on children with speaking difficulty and speech disorder. By adding video of the training speaker and Magnetic Resonance Image, the children would be able to observe the correct way of articulating and pronouncing of different vowels. Moreover, children are able to practice and test on their own time independently and recognition system can evaluate their pronouncing.

Междисциплинарное взаимодействие в организации помощи детям с речевыми и зубочелюстными нарушениями

Abstract: The article presents the results of the implementation of an algorithm and of the creation of interdisciplinary teamwork methodological approaches in order to provide aid to children presenting speech and dentoalveolar disorders. Creation of a common educational and terminological space for specialists (osteopaths, neurologists, dentists and orthodontists and speech therapists) is realized in consequence of organization of seminars, round tables and workshops.

Paralisia cerebral: efeitos da escrita sobre a escrita

Abstract: We attempted to grasp the effect of reading texts on a child’s writing. The child, henceforth S., cannot speak or write on her own due to cerebral palsy. The teacher reported S.’s difficulties with reading activities, thus a weekly activity involving one of Eva Furnari’s books was suggested by the speech therapist at the school-clinic class the child attended. The activity resulted in the child producing several texts. Film transcriptions where these texts were read were added to these productions, which integrated the corpus located in the NALingua-CNPq data bases. The data analysis was based on Borges (2006) who recommends a literacy process through the reading of different texts. The results point to a particular reading and writing acquisition process in which intersections between symbols/writing and writing/writing operate the child’s reading process. S.’s writing productions present effects of the matrix-texts read, in a set of mirrors which reveal the functioning of language, and at the same time differences denoting the singularity of a person. Objective and subjective changes due to the assumption of a divergent theoretical approach by the speech therapist in relation to the teacher’s approach resulted in objective and subjective changes of the child’s relationship to writing.

Task of speech therapist in the care of newborn babies with sucking problems

Abstract: This article points to the importance of speech therapy already in the neonatal period When a baby is born, he should be equipped with primary reflexes that allow us to survive (eg sucking and swallowing)Food intake and physiological sucking is a prerequisite for adequate development of oral motor functions If baby is no able to suck or suction is insufficient, we stop the breastfeeding and the baby is feeding by alternative method like nursing bottle, syringe or nasogastric tube Mother often will not return to the breastfeeding The task of the speech therapist is using stimulation to active sufficient sucking reflex and using the child to swallow properly When baby has no problem with swallowing, he constitutes a prerequisite for the proper development of oral motor functions and consequently speech In the introduction of this article we deal with the theoretical definition of the problem- the classification of newborn, development of sucking and swallowing, the importance of breastfeeding In the second part of this article we write about stimulation of sucking and swallowing in high birth weight infants and low birth weight infants Data were obtained through interviews with parents, they completed anamnestic questionnaire, therapists observed and works with babies

A Research on Perceptions and Needs of Speech and Language Pathologists Approaching Neurogenic Language Disorders

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate speech and language pathologists’ recognitions, actual conditions and difficulties about language rehabilitation for neurogenic language disorder patients. In this Received (October 12, 2017), Review Result (October 26, 2017) Accepted (November 2, 2017), Published (December 31, 2017) 57536 Malsori Speech Language Psychology Center., 10, Eumnae 11-gil, Eumnae-ri, Gokseong-eup, Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea email: 09bbang@hanmail.net (Corresponding Author) 58477 Dept. Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology, sehan Univ., 1113, Noksaek-ro, Sanho-ri, Samho-eup, Yeongam-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea email: kmk@sehan.ac.kr * This paper was supported by the Sehan University Research Fund in 2017 A Research on Perceptions and Needs of Speech and Language Pathologists Approaching Neurogenic Language Disorders Copyright c 2017 HSST 612 study, we examined 68 speech and language pathologist who are currently working in G Metropolitan City on their difficulties and needs when collecting information on screening, in-depth examination assessment tool and intervention goals and methods, and on reliable information and their solutions to the problems occurring during intervention. As a result, in order to evaluate neurogenic language disorder patients, they primarily used Korean Oro-motor Mechanism Screening Examination as a screening tool, Korean Western Aphasia Battery as a standardized test, and Boston Naming Test as an in-depth examination. As intervention goals, they focused primarily on language expressions of patients. During interventions, it appeared that they usually depended on their own clinical experiences to acquire information but rarely utilized the knowledge learned at school. Regarding difficulties in intervening subjects, the hardest parts were the difficulties in evaluation and guidance, and the lack of relevant data. As for the needs for interventions, the development of diverse teaching materials, and the related seminars and workshops were the most needed and for the intention of education participation, they were more willing to participate in training on the methods of intervention and evaluation and the use of assessment tools.

26: auditory-verbal therapy (avt) and evidence-based practice (ebp)

Abstract: Background and aims: EBP as conscientious and clear use is considered the best evidence in making decisions about patients. The auditory-verbal approach is a communication model through which parents and professionals can identify the deaf children. According to EBP, there are 3 required hypotheses of evidence-based practices in auditory-verbal approach; 1. Evidence-based research: systematic researches; 2. Clinical skills: enjoying all the specialists9 experiences, who worked on this issue; 3. Stakeholder perspectives: including families preferences, specialists, and financial resources. All these hypotheses are required to conduct evidence-based practices. Methods: The methodology used in this sectional paper is descriptive-analytical on the basis of auditory-verbal approach and the basics of evidence-based practices. Twenty children with hearing loss, aged 6-8 years old, who used both audio hearing aid and cochlear implant, were selected as samples. It took 1 year to study the samples. Individual 20-minute sessions were held twice a week by speech therapists, psychologists, and audiologists. Group meetings were held twice a week by the trainers of the children with hearing loss. The children9s parents participated in the meetings once a week and the mothers were trained how to interact with children by speech therapist. Once a month, the therapist went to their home and controlled the family9s interaction with the child. Using TOLD-3, the linguistic indicators of the children were assessed before and after research. Results: 80% of the children reached a language development level as that of normal children. Considerable development could be seen in receptive language within the first 6 months and in expressive language within the second 6 months. Conclusion: the auditory-verbal approach is a legitimate communication approach for the deaf children or those with different hearing loss severity, regardless of the hearing aids.

Learning to Eat After Esophageal Atresia Repair: In Infancy and Childhood

Abstract: Once the esophagus has been surgically connected, the next steps in the progression for the child to eat orally begin. Focusing on eating will be the charge of the speech therapist, a specialist with extensive knowledge and experience dealing with feeding difficulties in infants and children. The therapist brings an understanding of the swallow mechanism, feeding skill development, and infant/child development to the therapy process. He will lend his expertise to the well-being of the child to develop the most carefully planned feeding program. The child and parents are at the center of this program. Combining the child’s past experiences, the parents’ beliefs and expectations, and following the child’s lead. The therapist melds these components with his own knowledge to visualize a course with the desired outcome of eating. The course is determined by information gathered in the evaluation, knowledge of normal feeding development, and understanding how the repair process interferes with the normal development of the child. Three primary areas are examined in the evaluation to identify where the child is starting on the spectrum of developmental feeding skills. The areas include oral motor skills, sensory integration, and physiological function. Throughout the course of treatment, there will be many questions raised by the parents, and the quality of the answers will influence the treatment outcome. Their buy-in to therapy is mandatory for success. Education and participation of parents in the therapy program will help address many questions such as: will my child ever eat? How long will it take my child to learn to eat? These are the two most critical questions which parents base so much hope upon the initial answers. The therapist’s responses to these questions can set the entire tone for the duration of treatment. Many therapists would acknowledge that working with children after repair of esophageal atresia presents the most challenging collection of issues related to eating for the speech therapist.

Software for an objective evaluation of the quality of syllables's pronunciation in speech rehabilitation

Abstract: In this paper, a description of the software is provided that allows to obtain an automated objective quantitative assessment of the patient's speech quality. The evaluation is carried out in the process of speech rehabilitation after surgical treatment of oncological diseases of the organs of the speech-forming tract. The evaluation is obtained based on comparing patient records before the operation (used as reference ones) and after operation, during the rehabilitation process. The received estimation allows to carry out management of process of speech rehabilitation by the speech therapist. The software allows to minimize the participation of the speech therapist in the process of obtaining the evaluation. The role of the speech therapist is only the control of the patient's actions and correction of his direct mistakes, which allows to speak about the objectivity of the received evaluation. The description of the software, its modules and the results of preliminary approbation are given.

Teacher as an Amateur Speech Therapist – Current Knowledge in the Field of Speech Therapy Prevention in Kindergartens

Abstract: Abstract Introduction: In our paper, we focus mainly on defining the term of speech therapy prevention, on the anchoring of speech therapy prevention in the legislation and education, the teacher as an actor and direct mediator of the primary speech therapy prevention, and his competence. The research part describes the data obtained by in-depth interviews with teachers in nursery schools in the Zlín region. Methods: The empirical part of the study was conducted through a qualitative research. We have obtained research data via interviews with teachers from nursery schools in the Zlín Region. The data, after transcribing them into written form, were subsequently analysed and interpreted. Results: Based on the results of the research, we can identify one of the most significant categories in the survey of the method of implementation of speech therapy prevention in selected nursery schools in the South Moravian Region. It’s called “Teacher as an amateur speech therapist”. Within this category, we can also distinguish between three types of teachers: teacher - speech therapist, speech therapy assistant as a substitute of speech therapist, teacher - preventionist, and speech therapist. Discussion: What is the cause of this situation? Poor education? Legislation? Pedagogical practice? Limitations: The research was realized only in the South Moravian Region (CZ) and cannot be applied to the entire population. Conclusions: It is evident from the results of the research that some respondents have insufficient knowledge about the competences of individual actors in the speech therapy prevention process as well as about the realization of speech therapy prevention in kindergartens.

Distribution of Language Measures among Individuals with and without Non-Fluent Aphasia

Abstract: Existing studies report varied findings on the features that influence a non-fluent aphasia diagnosis, due to the numerous measurements and aphasia classifications available. This study applies Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate the distribution of 32 language measures among 78 individuals with and without non-fluent aphasia in the AphasiaBank corpus. The results highlight the different distribution of verbs, auxiliaries, and present participles between the two populations. Future studies will combine the results of this study with the measures speech therapist deem most informative, to generate a tool for visually synthesizing the AphasiaBank data.

The Importance of the Speech Therapist During the Interceptive Orthodontics and Myofunctional Therapy

Abstract: The orofacial region is a common area of different specialties. It was denominated stomatognathic system for a long while. After detailed analysis of the complex number of tissues and organs and after considering the totality of the anatomical and functional elements, researchers have reached the conclusion that the name stomatognathic system is insufficient. That’s why currently, with wider and more modern criteria, it is now called cranial-cervical orofacial system (Moyano).