Showing papers on "Stair climbing published in 1986"

Functional analysis of anterior cruciate ligament instability

Abstract: Eighteen males and two females (mean age, 26.5 years) underwent biomechanical assessment and Cybex eval uation prior to ACL reconstruction. Clinically, all patients had at least a 1+ grade with the Lachman, anterior drawer, and pivot shift tests, the majority being graded as 2+. Footswitch, high speed photography, force plate, and indwelling wire electrode data were collected while each subject performed free and fast walking, running, cutting, and stair climbing activities.During walking, single limb support times did not differ between the subject's involved and uninvolved limbs. Knee joint angles were similar between limbs during walking, running, and stair climbing maneuvers. Dynamic EMG tracings during walking demonstrated similar quadriceps and calf activity between limbs, while greater variation in hamstring firing was evident among subjects. During running, the involved limb had a longer duration of medial hamstring activity compared to the lateral hamstring.No significant differences were seen in...

Energy costs of simulated stair climbing as a job-related task in fire fighting.

Abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the energy requirement of simulated stair climbing. Metabolic costs of climbing stairs in getting to the scene of a fire can be very demanding for fire personnel. Heart rate and oxygen consumption were measured on 17 fire fighters during each of three conditions: (1) stair climbing without fire-fighting uniform or equipment, (2) stair climbing with fire-fighting uniform and equipment, and (3) pedaling a bicycle ergometer in a graded maximal exercise test. These three conditions were designed to determine (1) baseline reference values, (2) actual work task measures, and (3) maximum reference values. Results showed that climbing stairs with an 8-inch rise at 60 steps per minute with fire fighter's uniform and equipment (86.5 pounds) for five minutes required heart rates to reach 95% (84 to 100) of maximum effort, and oxygen consumption measures were found to be 80% (63 to 97) of maximum. It was concluded for the personnel studied that the rate of energy cost of climbing a simulated staircase with uniform and equipment required an ability to consume at least 2.7 L of oxygen per minute and 39 mL/kg/min.

Stair climbing hand truck

Abstract: A stair climbing hand truck of the kind comprising a rotary holding means carrying supporting wheels arranged setwise in starlike configurations where the holding means (4) for a starlike configuration of supporting wheels (1, 2, 3) is rotary positioned and may be rotated by means of a drive means (11) which is either of the self-locking kind, as for instance a drive means comprising a worm gear (9), or is able to be locked, by means of a disengageable braking- or locking mechanism, in a chosen and attained position after a terminated rotary movement. In this way, an embodiment which, compared to the known hand trucks of this kind, requires lesser energy supply is attained as well as a larger amount of kinds of stair cases is suited for the hand truck. Furthermore, it is attained that it is more easy to lift goods up on the hand truck which for instance may be constructed as a sack truck.

Hand-driving stair climbing vehicle

Abstract: The utility model discloses a hand-driving stairs climbing vehicle, belonging to a transportation means People can drive the weight of 100 kilograms and climb up and down along the stairs by the force of 6-9 kilograms to rotate the handle of the stairs climbing vehicle The utility model is not only a tool for climbing stairs, but also used for running at the flat ground For the stairs with the slope in the range of 25 DEG-40 DEG, the hand-driving stairs climbing vehicle can fit without the necessity for adjustment; for the stairs with special slopes, the hand-driving stairs climbing vehicle can fit through adjustment The utility model has the advantages of easy fabrication, low cost, labour saving, big flexibility, stable operation, no impact, and no damage to the stairs The major technique is characterized in that the parallelogram moving link mechanism is adopted; the loading capacity is big; via the continuous clockwise rotation of a crank, the vehicle body and the link are carried up to the stairs alternately

Metabolic Cost of Stair Climbing

Abstract: Metabolic energy costs were determined on sixteen male firefighters ascending a stairmill in an unladen and a laden condition at a vertical velocity of 12.2 m/min. In the unladen condition they wore shorts and tennis shoes, while lagen they wore full protective clothing, including a SCBA, and carried a hose pack. Mean mass of the load was 39.2 kg. Caloric costs were compared with selected equations from the literature. All of the equations overpredicted for the unladen condition. One continued to overpredict, one underestimated, and a third was very close for the cost for the laden condition. An equation derived from data for eight of the subjects, yielded better predictions for the remaining eight, under both conditions, than any of the equations from the literature. Limitations and the need for further research are discussed.

The posterior stabilized total condylar prosthesis: A 2- to 5-year follow-up study of 50 severely deformed knees

Abstract: The total condylar prosthesis designed at the Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, in 1973 was modified in 1978 by the addition of a tibial polyethylene spine and a transverse femoral cam to provide the function of the posterior cruciate ligament. The results with the total condylar I have been shown to be very satisfactory with a follow-up of 3–5 years [1,4], but specific areas of deficiency [5] were identified. Posterior subluxation was sometimes noted as a consequence of inadequate fit in flexion; the range of motion was 95 ° on average and normal function, defined as unlimited walking, stair climbing and transfer activities without aids, was present in 22% of the cases. This represented an improvement over previous experiences [3] but was still far from ideal.