Showing papers on "Submerged arc welding published in 1980"

Welding flux closed loop system

Abstract: WELDING FLUX CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM Abstract of the Disclosure Granulated welding flux is supplied under fluid pressure from a reservoir mounted at a convenient location for reloading. The reservoir is connected to an elevated vacuum tank. Recovered excess flux is also brought up to the vacuum tank, both sources of flux maintaining a predetermined level of flux within the vacuum tank. A conduit from the vacuum tank provides gravity feed of flux from the tank to a lower divider box from which a plurality of con-duits deliver flux to the traveling welding arc from behind and in front of the arc between the tip of the welding electrode and the work piece.

Vertical plate welding using double bevel joint

Abstract: A method is provided of vertical gas metal-arc two-sided welding of thick plate in a single welding pass on each surface of the plate. The method includes providing a first weld groove on one surface of the plate into which a weld bead is deposited in a single pass. Thereafter, a second weld groove is formed on the opposite surface of the plates by removing base plate material along the joining line to a depth extending at least to the first weld bead penetrating from the welding pass in the first weld groove. The plates are further joined together by depositing a weld bead in a single pass along the second welding groove. The welding is provided by impressing a direct electric current of from 290 to 420 amperes between an electrode and the plates shielded primarily by argon gas. A metal article and a welded joint are also provided.

Non-consumable electrode arc welding method

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain weld beads of uniform depth of penetration and a broad sectional shape by applying alternating magnetic fields to the arc generated from a nonconsumable electrode of which the sectional shape near the leading end part is approximately a rectangular shape, thereby oscillating the arc in the long side direction of the electrode section and controlling the shape of the weld beads. CONSTITUTION: In the sectional shape near the leading end part of a nonconsumable electrode 2, the direction approximately perpendicular to the weld line direction is made the long side of a rectangular shape section, and the width thereof is formed approximately equal to the diameter (d) of the circular section of the electrode. The long side end part thereof is beveled as shown by a symbol (r), to make the arc easy to oscillate. The weld line direction X-Y is made the short side of the rectangular section and the width thereof is set at (t). Next, alternating magnetic fields are applied from a magnetic controller 7 to the electrode 2 of this shape in the arrow 8 direction, thereby oscillating the arc in the arrow A-B direction. Since this welding method controls the arc smoothly by the slight change in the magnetic fields while maintaining the arc constant, the depth of penetration in both end parts of beads is positively assured. COPYRIGHT: (C)1982,JPO&Japio

Gas tungsten arc welding torch and welding process

Abstract: A gas tungsten arc welding torch having an elongated gas nozzle (18) with an oblong cross section designed for deep groove, narrow gap welding is coupled to a main torch body (16). A gas passage is formed along the welding electrode (10), which includes a detachable end section (42) which captures and supports a replaceable gas lens (30) disposed within the gas passage of the nozzle. The nozzle (18) is sealably mounted (38) to the main torch body and readily detachable for easy replacement during the welding process in which successively wider nozzles (18) are used as the gap to be welded becomes wider with successive weld passes.

Thick welded steel pipe of large diameter and production thereof

Abstract: Circular pipe of large diameter progressively formed of flat stock, the pipe having a single longitudinal seam is seam-welded by preparing welding grooves such that the inner groove is smaller in size and angle than the outer groove, sequentially carrying out submerged arc welding on the inner welding groove, and large current MIG welding to then first layer of the outer welding edge and a submerged arc welding to a second layer thereof.

Process and apparatus for arc control in arc furnaces

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for arc control in electric arc furnaces is disclosed. The position of a movable electrode in the furnace is controlled based upon a measured electrical characteristic of the arc. The arc voltage supplied to the electrode is controlled independently of the electrode position and is based upon at least one electrical characteristic of the arc. The invention is applicable to both AC and DC furnaces.

Horizontal electro-slag welding process for surfacing

Abstract: Surfacing is conducted with horizontal electro-slag welding by using a strip electrode, and by applying a magnetic field, having component perpendicular to a base metal, to a molten metal and slag pool to control the flow of the molten pool.

Process for the submerged-arc welding of light metals such as aluminum and aluminum alloys

Abstract: A welding process for joining aluminum materials in a horizontal welding position, without preheating, this process being highly economical and characterized by minimal environmental pollution, good strength and toughness of the welded joint, in which process the arc, as in submerged arc welding of steel plates, is covered by a flux layer and burns in a closed cavity, this process being realized by the use of a flux having a flux composition of 20-70% potassium chloride (KCl), 20-70% of an alkaline earth metal chloride, preferably calcium chloride and/or magnesium chloride (CaCl 2 and/or MgCl 2 ), 1-20% of calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) and preferably 1-15% of a substance capable of lowering the melting point and/or releasing gas.

Composite wire for stainless steel welding

Abstract: A composite wire containing a flux for use in gas-shielded arc welding of stainless steels which contains, in the flux, the following inorganic components with respect to the total weight of the wire: 0.1 to 10% by weight of an anhydrous silicate, and 0.01 to 0.75% of a metallic oxide having a melting point of no more than 888° C.

Gelatinous coating for arc welding and method for underwater welding

Abstract: A gelatinous coating comprising particles of electrode coating and thermite suspended in a gel for use as an insulating coating and fluxing agent in underwater arc welding. Also, a method for underwater welding in which the gelatinous coating is scorched and the electric arc is initiated and sustained so as to weld the workpiece. Alternatively, a method for arc welding in flammable or explosive atmospheres.

Submerged arc welding of branch pipes onto main pipes - where main pipe is rotated through semicircle so molten weld pool is always horizontal to preclude run-out(s)

Abstract: A branch pipe is to be welded onto a main pipe or a cylindrical vessel. Pipe is tack welded onto the pipe or vessel, and then a rotor is inserted in pipe and used to rotate a welding burner through 360 deg. to make the weld. During the welding operation, the vessel or pipe is rotated on its axis through an arc of 180 deg. so the welding zone below burner is always in a horizontal position. The result is that the molten weld pool and its powder covering do not run away when pipes have an outside dia. ratio d/D above 0.6; where d is the outside dia. of the branch pipe and D is the o.d. of the main pipe. With the invention, d/D can almost equal 1.0.

Apparatus for gas-shielded arc welding

Abstract: An apparatus for gas-shielded arc welding comprises a mechanism (1) for guiding and feeding an electrode to a welding zone (3), a nozzle (4) for feeding a protective gas medium to the welding zone (3) and a TV transmission camera (6) for realtime monitoring of the welding process. A cover plate (8) made of an optically transparent material is provided at the end (7) of the gas nozzle (4) which is remote from the welding zone (3), and a lens (9) of the TV camera (6) is installed above the cover plate (8) coaxially therewith. The distance ("a") from the cover plate (8) to the lens (9) is selected in such a manner that the zone (3) of sharpness of the lens is located beyond the edge (11) of the gas nozzle (4) which is adjacent to the welding zone (10) and extends over the components of the welding process. An apparatus for gas-shielded arc welding is designed preferably for welding thick plate materials, for example, pressure vessel casings.

Multielectrode one side submerged arc welding method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To save slag removing work and improve low temperature toughness by setting groove width in the specified range according to the plate thickness of base metals, specifying welding current, voltage and welding heat input and making inter-electrode distance more than the specified length. CONSTITUTION:Groove width is set according to the plate thickness of the materials to be welded. Namely, when plate thickness 20mm, it is set at 1/2 plate thickness <= groove width <= plate thickness. In addition, the welding current of the preceding electrode is regulated at 800-1350A, welding voltage at 30-36V, the welding current of the succeeding electrode at 600-1200A and welding voltage at 37-50V respectively. Further the welding heat input of the respective electrodes is kept at 60K J/cm or under and the inter-electrode distance between the preceding and succeeding electrodes is made 500mm or over. After the weld slag 4 formed by the preceding electrode 2 has solidified, a molten pool 3' is formed by the succeeding electrode 2' without separating and removing this slag 4, whereby welding is progressed.

Manufacture of electrically welded steel pipe

Abstract: For skelp to make pipe having a seam butt-joined as by electrical resistance or submerged arc welding, skelp is made by pouring a base melt of rimming steel into an ingot mold to about 80 to 95% full and then after a shell of rimmed steel has solidified against the mold wall, completing pouring of the same melt while adding further material to the molten core, e.g. more C or Mn, and Al or the like for killing, so that the solidified ingot has a core of desired high strength, killed or semi-killed steel. The ingot is processed to desired skelp by hot rolling, the top and bottom regions being suitably cropped, so that the skelp has a main body of the high strength steel, bordered lengthwise by integral edge zones, e.g. 1/2 inch or more wide, of the rimmed steel, free of unwanted inclusions. When rolled to pipe shape, with finished edges, the edge zones are electrically butt welded, such operation being effected with unusual facility. In the completed pipe, the weld region is relatively free of oxide or like inclusions, and thus not susceptible of rejection for defects at or about the seam, while the pipe is essentially characterized by high wall strength.

DC Arc furnace having a shielded arc

Abstract: A DC arc furnace has shielding between the arc and its power lines preventing or retarding the magnetic field created by the power lines from deflecting the arc.

Flux-cored wire for vertical and horizontal position arc welding of stainless steel

Abstract: PURPOSE:To increase the viscosity of slag and molten metal and prevent the dripping of beads by mixing the metal powder contg. a specific amount of Ti in the flux of a flux-cored wire used for welding stainless steel in a horizontal vertical position. CONSTITUTION:The flux composition of the flux-cored wire used for welding stainless steel in a vertical or horizontal position by automatic or semiautomatic arc welding is made as follows: The flux is constituted of 20-45% the metal powder of Fe, Cr, Ni, etc. contg. 10-15% TiO2 or in total of one or more kinds of TiO2 and Fe2O, 0.5-4% in total of one or more kinds of LiCO3 and Na2CO3, 2-4% in total of one or more kinds of CaCO3, BaCO3 and MgCO3, 0.5-1.0% in total of one or more kinds of SiO2, Al2O3, and MgO, and 0.1-3% Ti. Ti acts as a deoxidizer, a denitrifier and an arc stabilizer, and increases the viscosity of the slag and metal melted by low-current arc welding, thereby enabling dripping of beads and undercut to be prevented.

Calcination type flux for horizontal submerged arc welding

Abstract: PURPOSE:The above mentioned flux, composed of a fixed composition containing more than one kind of CaF2, BaF2, NaF, AlF3, MgF2 and Al or Al and Si as deoxidizer, decreasing oxygen in welding metal, improving mechanical property and preventing defect generation. CONSTITUTION:The above mentioned flux is contained 20 - 80% of total quantity of more than one kind of CaF2, BaF2, NgF, AlF3 and MaF2 against total quantity of the flux and Al or both Al and Si as deoxidizer, within the limits of 2,5% <=Al+0.5Si<=5.5%, Si<=4%. The above flux is used combining with welding wire composed of Ni base alloy and containing quantity of oxygen in welding metal is remarkably decreased and also, welding metal having superior mechanical property and no inner defect, is formed.

Welding method of angle joint part

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the drooping down of molten metal and perform welding at large heat input by interposing an insert between a vertical plate or horizontal plate and a backing strip. CONSTITUTION:An insert 7 is inserted to the opposing surfaces r of a main material 1' and backing strip 4'. Although the material and shape of the insert 7 are not particularly limited, an inorganic fibrous mat having plasticity such as mat of glass fibers, metal fibers or other inorganic fibers, or the one comprising enveloping powder or granules of welding flux, etc. with a film such as thermoplastic film or sheets is suitable. The above obviate the dropping of molten metal even if the deep penetration reaching the backing strip is formed with respect to the portions where the insert is interposed and make possible performing of high-efficiency welding through large heat input welding such as submerged arc welding.

Flux dam for submerged arc welding

Abstract: A dam, or barrier, structure is moved along the edge, or corner, of a workpiece to control the flow limits of molten material of arc welding. The dam structure provides a dimentionally stable groove at the edge of the workpiece surface into which is received granulated flux and positions the body of the flux along the edge, or corner, of the workpiece surface to function as a mold for the molten material, and, thereby, prevent the falling of the flowing material from the surface. The dam structure has the specific form of a continuous tread of segments which advances around parallel rollers to reform the retaining groove structure opposite the arc operation on the surface of the workpiece.

Welding method of thickkwalled materials

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable sound welded joints to be readily obtained by providing divergent opening grooves to the I type groove end parts of butted thick-walled materials and arc welding the grooves after electron-beam welding the I type grooves in welding the thick-walled materials by an electron beam welding method. CONSTITUTION:Grooves 1c, 1d which open divergently toward end faces respectively are provided to both front and back end parts of the square grooves 1' of the thick-walled materials 1a, 1b to be welded. It is desirable that the shape of the divergent grooves 1c, 1d be of such a shape and size which may be covered by one pass of submerged arc welding. Next, the butt faces are electron-beam-welded to obtain weld zones 2, aftr which the grooves 1c, 1d are arc welded.

Welding electrode with a fluoride based slag system

Abstract: A gas shielded, flux-cored welding electrode for vertical or overhead welding as well as for horizontal or flat welding is disclosed having a generally tubular metal sheath and a core defined within the sheath, wherein the core includes a slag forming system based, primarily, on about 2-7.5% of the fluorides of calcium and/or strontium.

On the elaboration of a new submerged arc welding flux for titanium

Abstract: The present work describes a new CaF 2 -based flux, containing 10% SrCl 2 and 3% LiCl, for the submerged arc welding of titanium and titanium-based alloys. The flux protects the base metal from oxidation during the welding operations and makes it possible to produce defect-free uncontaminated joints. The mechanical behaviour of the welded plates (T35, T40 and TA6V) demonstrates good ductility of the welded zone, compatible with the usual specifications for titanium-welded joints.

Band builddup welding liner of nbbcontained austenite base stainless steel

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable high temperature cracking to be inhibited by performing band build-up welding of the captioned steel on the inside surface of a pressure vessel or the like by using the deposited metal containing the respectively specific amounts of C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Nb and Mo and the rest Fe and unavoidable impurities. CONSTITUTION:The captioned steel as a liner is subjected to band build-up welding through submerged arc welding using strip form electrode by using the deposited metal containing C <= 0.08%, Si <= 0.9%, Mn; 1.5 to 2.5%, Ni; 8.5 to 11%, Cr; 17.5 to 21% and Nb; 0.3 to 1% and further containing Mo of the 0.7 to 1.5% amount of the Nb content and the rest Fe and unavoidable impurities. This method inhibits the high temperature cracking at the build-up welding of the Nb-contained austenite base stainless steel applied to the inside surface of pressure vessels for atomic industry and chemical industry.

High speed inclined position submerged arc welding method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form good bead shapes and obtain weld zone of high quality by using the flux which forms high-viscosity slag at the fusing and tilting AC arc forward to the preceding electrode side by a magnetic field at the time of making submerged arc welding of the weld line of a spiral steel pipe or the like by using DC and AC arcs to the preceding and succeeding electrodes. CONSTITUTION:DC and AC arms are used for preceding and succeeding electrodes 5a and 5b respectively and an electromagnet 15 is so disposed as to sandwich the succeeding electrode 5b at the tandem submerged arc welding of the case when the weld groove of the materials 14 to be welded is inclining as in production of spiral pipes. The flux which forms high-viscosity slag is built up on the groove surface. Next, the succeeding arm is deflected (arc is tilted forward) by the electromagnet 15 and is excited by AC similarily to the succeeding current. This method enables high speed inclined position welding to be performed and prevents the production of weld defects such as undercuts, etc.

Method of and apparatus for welding metal bars

Abstract: A welding method in which two metal bars are disposed such that the opposing ends of these bars are placed in a welding mold with a predetermined welding gap preserved therebetween, and are jointed to each other by filling the space formed between the opposing ends of the bars and the inner surface of the welding mold with a molten welding metal. Also, disclosed is a welding apparatus having a welding gap setting device for placing the metal bars with a predetermined welding gap therebetween and an arc welder for jointing the bars by filling the welding gap with molten welding metal.

Flux recovery and supply device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a compact captioned device which can be designed as easy as the welding head, by constituting to suck the used flux into a recovery hose, send to a cyclone separator under pressure to separate and recover, and then supply again by mixing with a proper amount of fresh flux. CONSTITUTION:Device 1 is a welding truck; when it moves in the direction of arrow A, flux is sprayed over a weld zone B through a feed hose 18. By submerged arc welding in C, about 1/3 thereof turns to slag D, and the remainder used flux E, and the reusable portion thereof is passed through a filter 8, and is sent under pressure by an air ejector 4 from a recovery hose 2. This flux builds up a cyclone stream in a cyclone separator 7, and the air and fine particles ascend through an exhaust tube 10 to be separated. The recovered flux is circulated into a hopper 12, and runs through a drop hole 14 from a hopper 13 to be adjusted to a proper amount. Then it is uniformly mixed with a fresh flux replenished in a mixer 19 and other parts, so that uneven distribution of particles may be eliminated.

Arc properties in manual welding with coated electrodes

Abstract: The dependence of diameter and coating thickness on current, and of voltage and arc length on welder and coating type are considered. Coating type effects, cathode emission, temperature and polarity effects on the MMA arc column and ionization processes in the arc are considered. Material transfer in the arc is influenced by surface tension and viscosity, gravity, magnetic forces, plasma and hydrostatic pressure and metallurgical changes. Characteristics of arcs produced using acidic, oxide, rutile, basic and cellulosic electrode coatings are discussed. Droplet transfer, polarity and AC welding also have an effect.

Apparatus to suppress oxidation during resistance welding

Abstract: In an apparatus and a method of at least partially suppressing oxidation of can components or the like during resistance roller welding with the aid of an inert gas, the steps include welding the can components to one another, so as to obtain a hot welding seam, supplying the inert gas to the hot welding seam so as to envelop it at least partially, and to create a region of the inert gas in contact with the surrounding atmosphere, so that oxidation of the hot welding seam is at least partially suppressed.

Strip electrode welding apparatus.

Abstract: Strip electrode welding appts. has a pair of feed rolls which reform the strip as well as advance it. The reforming operation provides strength to the electrode so that it does not require external support as it extends from the welding head to the work surface to be clad. The electrode body is formed into an arc in a plane transverse the longitudinal axis of the strip-clad electrode. The reforming operation stiffens the relatively thin ribbon of electrode so that its tip supporting the arc to the work surface is steady and reliable in forming the bead that clads the work surface.