Showing papers on "Thermal reservoir published in 1993"

High efficiency heat removal system for electric devices and the like

Abstract: A heat removal system employing fluid circulation and vaporization for transferring heat from a primary heat sink to a secondary heat sink where the heat is dissipated into the surrounding air is disclosed. The present invention comprises a primary heat sink coupled to a secondary heat sink via flexible tubing. The primary heat sink is bonded directly to an electric device such as a semiconductor device. As the electric device heats up and thereby heats up the primary heat sink, a liquid coolant within the primary heat sink transfers excess heat via the tubing to the secondary heat sink where the heat is dissipated. The cooled coolant is then returned to the primary heat sink via the flexible tubing.

Method and system for storing thermal energy (heat energy)

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for storing thermal energy, chiefly as solar energy, by means of a thermal energy reservoir which alternately absorbs thermal energy with the aid of a heat carrier (heat-carrying medium, heating medium), and also gives it off again via said heat carrier. The method is characterised in that, in a manner temporally coupled to the supply of thermal energy, the heat carrier gives off thermal energy to a preferably thermochemical storage material in which the thermal energy is used for desorption of a working medium, and in the reverse case of the sorption of the gaseous phase of this working medium is given off again to the heat carrier.

On the concept of temperature

Abstract: The role of temperature as an independent parameter, whose presence is necessary to ensure symmetry properties of a multi-particle system in thermostatic equilibrium, is examined. It is shown to possess all the usual characteristics for a large closed system in contact with a heat reservoir. For a small closed system, however, neither temperatures nor entropy may possess any physical significance. The question of temperature fluctuations is briefly considered.

Steady-State Heat Sink Analysis for Two-Terminal Microwave Oscillator Devices with Temperature Dependent Thermal Conductivity

Abstract: A theoretical analysis to calculate the steady-state temperature distribution within a cylindrical heat sink configuration, where the thermal conductivity is dependent on the temperature, is outlined. The analysis applies to any heat sink arrangement that can be treated as one or more homogeneous solid cylinders mounted on a semi-infinite heat sink, where the heat flux incident on both faces of each cylinder is uniform over a given centralized circular region. The model is used to analyse the temperature distribution within the heat sink configurations used commonly to package two-terminal semiconductor devices that are operated as sources of electromagnetic radiation in microwave oscillators. Results are presented that show how the maximum temperature rise within commercially available heat sink packages, depends on the input heat flux and the dimensions and thermal conductivity of the materials. Furthermore, results that show how the temperature rise varies across the interfaces of given heat sink configurations, similar to those used commercially, are given also.

Cold storage box and heat storage box

Abstract: The utility model discloses a cold storage box and a heat storage box, which is formed by that a regenerator or a heat reservoir is arranged in an insulation can. The regenerator is formed by a cold storage agent prepared by a solid-liquid phase change substance whose melting point is below 10 deg., and the heat reservoir is formed by a heat storage agent prepared by a solid-liquid phase change substance whose melting point is higher than 10 deg. The utility model can cool down or heat up to preserve objects, and the utility model can keep low-temperature or high-temperature for 4-18 hours in general. The utility model has the advantages of convenient carry, and wide application, preserving palatable drinks or foods, and having the capability of disengaging from energy; the utility model not only is suitable for use in field, but also can be used for the transportation of blood plasma and seafood.

Heat storage type heat exchanger

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent floating, scattering of a heat reservoir due to passage of gas to be heated and to prevent damage of an inner wall, a tube CONSTITUTION:A plurality of particular heat reservoirs 1 are contained to be disposed in an outer shell 7 having a plurality of openings 4, 5, 6 in a heat storage type heat exchanger The reservoirs 1 of the side for feeding gas to be heated are entirely divided, or the entirety is divided, sintered or melted, bonded and integrated

Heat accumulation room heating controller

Abstract: PURPOSE:To perform economical use of a heat accumulation room cooler/heater through the year by accumulating heat corresponding to a load by switching two types of control systems. CONSTITUTION:If a predicted load corresponding time on that day is larger than a full heat storage reference time TV of a heat reservoir 3, a load on that day is coped with a heat accumulation amount fully accumulated in the reservoir 3 in a night heat accumulation operating time zone and an additional operation of a day heat source device 1 in the daytime to supplement an insufficient amount (full heat accumulation reference control system). If the predicted load corresponding time on that day is smaller than the time TW of the reservoir 3, the load on that day is coped with a residual heat accumulation amount and a heat accumulating operation of the device 1 at night to supplement the insufficient amount (zero residual heat accumulation reference control system). The two types of control systems are switched to so control the operation of the device 1 as to accumulate the heat accumulation amount corresponding to the load in the reservoir 3. Thus, a heat accumulation room cooler/heater can be economically operated through the year.

Calculate the heat loss from pipes

Abstract: Heat lost from piped fluids is energy wasted Even a fluid-temperature drop of 1 C or less from the pipe's inlet to its outlet is a sign of heat loss This raises energy costs because heat must usually be added back to the fluid later If the pipe-wall temperature is not unduly high, convection can be assumed to be the main cause of heat loss A simple method quantifies this heat loss When applied successively to bare and insulated pipes, it shows the heat savings provided by insulation In general, heat loss is determined by the properties of the fluids inside and outside of the pipe However, when the temperature drop within the pipe (between its upstream and downstream ends) is small, and when the pipe is of metal or other material with high heat conductivity, the heat loss can be assumed to depend very strongly on the external conditions, and the engineer need focus only on the external flow In this situation, the temperature of the pipe's outer wall is assumed to be the same as the bulk temperature of the fluid within the pipe

A generalized derivation of the canonical distribution

Abstract: It is demonstrated that the density operator for a system in equilibrium with a heat reservoir can be expressed in canonical form provided that the dynamical behavior of the system is characterized by a unitary time transformation. The system is considered to be in thermal equilibrium with a large but not infinite volume of dilute monatomic gas. The combination of the two systems, considered as a closed system, is shown to be microcanonical. Consequently the individual operators will be canonical.

Heat accumulation type floor heating system

Abstract: PURPOSE:To maintain a temperature of a surface of a floor heating panel constant by dispersing a special dispersive state to a continuous state of a heat accumulator. CONSTITUTION:A dispersive state (paraffin, oil and grease or olefin, etc.) having a higher melting point (solidifying point) than that of a continuous state (aqueous ethylene glycol solution, aqueous propylene glycol solution or water) is dispersed to the continuous state as a heat accumulator 4 of conveying medium to be poured in a heat reservoir 1. In this case, emulsion (or suspension) having a particle size of 0.2-50mum of the dispersive state is employed. The accumulator 4 is removed from the top of the reservoir 1 by operating a conveying pump 5 and opening a flowrate control valve 6, and conveyed to a floor heating panel 8 through a pipe 7. Latent heat of the accumulator 4 can be effectively used by regulating a conveying amount by the valve 6. Thus, a temperature of a surface of the panel 8 can be maintained constant.

Ice water conveyor

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain an ice water conveyor which can convey ice water with high ice filling rate by collecting most of ice stored in a heat reservoir to the vicinity of an ice water inlet. CONSTITUTION:The ice water conveyor comprises ice water circulating means 3, 14 for inputting ice water from the vicinity of a partition plate 10 at a bottom or a side of one tank 11a of a heat reservoir 11, conveying it to a heat exchanger 4 and then returning the ice water to the one tank 11a, and water circulating means 7, 16 for inputting water from the other tank 11b of the reservoir 11 and discharging the water to the vicinity of a position mostly separated from the plate 10 of an upper part of the one tank 11a of the reservoir 11.

Critical storage volume of self-reacting products

Abstract: Numerous bulk goods continuously produce heat due to various reaction processes during their presence as raw, intermediate or final products. Under certain circumstances, these internal heat production rates can lead to critical situations, especially thermal explosions, during storage or transport. Therefore, it is important to know the reaction conditions that affect the internal heat production and how this heat development can be safely discharged to cooling media by means of direct or indirect cooling. Safety conditions depend on the thermal properties of the bulk goods as well as the size and shape of the material, the type of vessel and the heat transfer to the cooling medium. The essential factors are transport and storage times, the initial temperature and the boundary conditions of the temperature field.

Hydrogen-like atom in a Markov heat reservoir

Abstract: A wave equation for the expectation value of the ω function between states of the heat reservoir is solved. This equation was derived previously, by a path integration method. Quasistationary eigenstates are found for a hydrogen-like atom which has been subjected to a shock perturbation.