Showing papers on "Vertical plane published in 1980"

A Semi-Implicit Two-Dimensional Model of Estuarine Circulation

Abstract: A semi-implicit, two-dimensional (in a vertical plane) model is developed for circulation in the partially mixed estuary. Comparisons between the semi-implicit and explicit method are made in the simulation of tidal, wind-driven and density-driven circulations. In general, the two model results are in good agreement in velocity and density computation; the semi-implicit method, however, fails to simulate the surface seiche oscillation. On the other hand, the semi-implicit method is more efficient; depending on the horizontal space resolution, the semi-implicit method can result in orders of magnitude saving in computer time. Application of the semi-implicit model to the Potomac River indicates large longitudinal and vertical changes in tidal, density-driven and wind-driven circulations, which suggests that two-dimensional (in a vertical plane) modeling is essential in the transport and mixing study.

Quasi-static deformations due to an inclined, rectangular fault in a viscoelastic half-space

Abstract: Analytical expressions of the quasi-static, surface deformations (displacement, strain and tilt) due to an inclined, rectangular fault in a viscoelastic half-space are obtained by applying a "correspondence principle" to the solutions of the associated elastic problem. The medium is assumed to be elastic dilatational and Maxwell deviatric, and the time dependence of a dislocation source is taken to be of a step function type.From the analytical expressions, it is directly found that the viscoelastic part of the deformation field vanishes exactly for both an arbitrary slip on a horizontal fault plane and a dip-slip faulting on a vertical plane. In other cases, the viscoelastic part has a time dependence prescribed by a factor, 1-exp(-t/τ), where τ denotes the relaxation time determined from the Lame's elastic constants and the viscosity of the medium.Patterns of the elastic and the viscoelastic parts of the deformation field are respectively shown for two representative fault models. As an example, postseismic vertical displacements associated with the Kanto earthquake of 1923 are computed by the fault model determined from the coseismic geodetic data, and compared with the observed crustal movements for the period of 1931-1950.

Radio controlled motorcycle

Abstract: A two-wheeled motorcycle having a frame carrying a drive motor, a radio, a servo mechanism controlled by the radio, and a power source for driving the motor, radio, and servo. The servo mechanism includes a weight which may be moved to one side or the other of a generally vertical plane extending through the motorcycle when it is in an upright position. The steering crown is arranged so that a plane including the axes of the down tube and the fork is behind the main pivot. The axle of the front wheel is in the plane of the fork axes. The plane including these axes intersects the surface upon which the motorcycle rests at an angle in the range of about 20°-25° relative to vertical. The arrangement of the steering crown is such that, when the servo mcves the weight to one side of the generally vertical plane, the front wheel will tend to turn into the direction in which the weight is moved. This is accomplished by insuring that the plane including the axes of the down tubes and forks is behind, but parallel to, the pivot axis of the crown, relative to the frame.

Passive infrared intrusion detection system

Abstract: A passive infrared intrusion detection system having a mirror assembly providing a protective curtain which is relatively narrow in the horizontal plane and which substantially encompasses the vertical space of a protected facility. The mirror assembly includes a focusing mirror and at least one cylindrical mirror which is cooperative with the focusing mirror to provide a relatively large field of view in the vertical plane and a relatively narrow field of view in the horizontal plane. An infrared detector is disposed along the optical axis of the focusing mirror and at the focus thereof to provide electrical signals in response to received radiation from the fields of view. The detector signals are electronically processed to provide an output indication of intruder presence.

The rotation of a vertical interface in a porous medium

Abstract: A solution is given of the problem of the simultaneous flow of two different fluids in a vertical plane, separated from each other by a vertical interface. It is shown that the viscosities of the two fluids influence the motion of the interface only through their average value. A simple formula for the rotation of the interface is derived in terms of the relative density difference.

Method for preventing wandering of strip under roller leveling in hot rolling line

Abstract: Wandering of a strip in a hot rolling line is prevented by the provision of a hot roller leveler and a side guide between a finishing mill and a coiler. At least one of the leveler rolls is made angularly adjustable in a horizontal plane and/or in a vertical plane with respect to the strip.

Method and apparatus for automatically tracking a magnetic tape

Abstract: In a magnetic tape-automatic tracking method, at least one of the positions of the upper and lower edges of a magnetic tape is detected by an assembly of a tape edge position sensor and light-emitting diode. Any displacement of the running magnetic tape from its standard vertical position is determined from detected data. A generally vertical tape edge position-compensating post which applies a tensile force to the magnetic tape in contact therewith is rotated in a vertical plane by a reversible motor in accordance with the detected extent of the displacement of the running magnetic tape from its standard vertical position. The magnitude of a tensile force applied by the tape edge position-compensating post to the magnetic tape is varied, by the extent of the rotation of the reversible motor. As a result, the magnetic tape is vertically moved in the desired direction to regain its standard vertical position.

Rectilinear rolling friction bearing - has recirculation channel in same vertical plane as load-bearing channel

Abstract: The rolling friction bearing for use in supporting longitudinally moving machine elements consists of a straight running track section for the balls or rollers, joined to a return channel below it in the same vertical plane. The central section is surrounded by two halves of the return channel section which have a parting in the vertical plane and locate in their thin top section two runner rods for the balls or rollers. The lower section forms a daimond-shaped return channel. Elastomer elements are used to join the sections. The central section (1) carries in a groove the strip which locks it relative to the two halves (11) for the return channel (5). Two runner rods at the sides of the strip support the balls (3) which are separated by plastics separators (4), made of a material with a low coefficient of friction. Elastomer elements (26,27) provide a good joint for the sections.

Apparatus for painting containers

Abstract: An apparatus for painting the outer circumferential surfaces of a plurality of cylindrical containers. The apparatus comprises a rotatable disc having a surface positioned in a vertical plane and a plurality of mandrels secured to the surface of the disc and projecting horizontally therefrom for supporting the containers. A rotatable painting roll is positioned adjacent the disc for applying paint to the containers. First and second rotatable paint storage rolls are provided, the second paint storage roll being above said painting roll and interposed between the painting roll and the first paint storage roll. The axes of the two paint storage rolls are parallel and in a horizontal plane, and the axes of the painting roll and the second storage roll are parallel and define a plane which is angularly displaced with respect to the horizontal and vertical planes.

A Dynamic Analysis of the Plane Crank-and-Rocker Mechanisms with Clearances

Abstract: The equations of motion of the plane four-bar mechanisms have been derived for all of possible numbers and positions of clearance-connections except the input-shaft position when the mechanisms rotate at constant speeds in a vertical plane. Applying the equations to a crank-and-rocker mechanism, the effects of the numbers and positions of clearance-connections, the magnitudes of clearances and the crank-speed upon the relative motions of pairing elements, the dynamic deviations of rocker angle and the input torque have been discussed together with experiments.

Retainer for movable blast vane - comprises wedge with opening to cooperate with U=shaped bolt and also cylindrical hole to which grip is fixed

Abstract: The movable vane retainer has radial slots (7) in the rim (5) of the disc and the foot (2) of the vane (1), perpendicular to the vertical plane of symmetry of the vane. The wedge (10) has on its upper, upstream end (11) an opening (110). The depth of this equals the height of the overhang of the transverse branch of the U bolt (6). The wedge width at the upstream end is equal to the interior distance between the verticals of the U bolt. The wedge end is in a plane parallel to the rear of the disc (4) and has a cylindrical orifice (13).

Horizontal slewing crane

Abstract: A crane having a fixed mast and a boom pivotally mounted at the top of the mast for movement in a horizontal plane through at least 180° and in a vertical plane downwardly from the horizontal plane at any position of the boom relative to the vertical axis of the mast, a load carrying trolley movable along the length of the boom, hydraulic means located at the top of the mast controlling the movement of the boom in the horizontal plane and hydraulic means between the boom and the mast controlling movement of the boom in the vertical plane.

Multiibeam offset antenna

Abstract: PURPOSE:To avoid the increase in the amount of interference between beams due to the deterioration of side lobe characteristics, by increasing the antenna effieicncy with the correction so that the phase of electromagnetic waves on the antenna opening can be uniform for the sub-reflection mirror surface. CONSTITUTION:The antenna is two-dimensionally provided with the same method as the offset type multi-beam antenna at the surface including the foci 3, 3'. As a result, the curve crossing between each mirror surface of the main reflector and sub- reflector 1 and 2 and the vertical surface perpendicular to the progressing direction 5 of electromagnetic waves is determined. Next, the curve which is made with the turning the curve to the main reflector 1 around the center axis 6 is taken as the mirror surface of the main reflector 1. Further, the communication path length of electromagnetic waves emitted from the primary radiator 4 on the focus 3 to the vertical surface to the progressing direction 5 via the sub-reflector and main reflector can be uniform at the antenna aperture to the utmost, and that emitted from the primary radiator 4' on the focus 3' to the vertical plane to the progressing direction 5' via the sub-reflector and main reflector can be uniform to the utmost at the entire antenna aperture.

Adjusting keel for sailing boat - has symmetrical halves swung outwards about common axis

Abstract: An adjusting keel for a large sailing boat has the keel divided into two symmetrical halves, about a vertical plane, and hinged about a common axis, or two closely spaced parallel axes, to swing outwards The draught of the craft is adjustable by remote control and without having to stop the passage of the craft The keel halves form a hydrodynamic shape when closed over each other They are made from plastics, or fibre reinforced materials with internal bracing ribs Grooves are moulded into the structures to take mounting arms The servo force required to swing the halves outwards is provided by small servo motors and the system does not take up much space In the splayed outward setting the keels may support the vessel on a mud berth

Fourrstage rolling mill

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make the sectional shape of the rolled product controllable to the optimum condition easily and economically, by making adjustable within the horizontal plane the crossing angle of the axes of the upper roll group and the axes of the lower roll group, both possessing their axes within the same vertical plane different from each other group. CONSTITUTION:When the rolling work for the rolling material 11 is started, the axes 16, 17, of the upper roll groups 12, 13, being located within the same vertical plane, and the axes 16', 17', of the lower roll groups 12', 13', being located within the same vertical plane different from the vertical plane of the upper roll group axes, cross each other by the crossing angle theta, which is adjustable to any arbitrary desired value. Besides, since both ends of upper and lower work rolls 12, 12', are constituted so as to be impressible with the bending force, the optimum sectional shape of the rolled material 11 can be very easily formed. Moreover, according to this constitution, the wear of the rolls is diminished, and the number of rolls is smaller as compared with the six-stage rolling mill so that the rearrangement work for rolls is easy.

Console layout for telephone operator - has several modules mounted on vertical unit but has one module on horizontal platform which pushes down into vertical plane

Abstract: The working table for a telephone operator comprises a number of terminal points (1, 2), one set (1) being at the rear of the table and connected to operating units (3) and a function module (4). An additional module (5) is attached to a platform (7), so that it may be worked in a horizontal position. The platform (7) is held by a pivot point (D) so that it may be pushed down from the horizontal (B) to the vertical plane. (A).

Method of twisting an insulated conductor of an electric cable, and device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: 1. A method of twisting at least one insulated conductor (1) of an electric cable before it is stranded with analogous conductors, characterized in that the conductor is made to advance between and in contact with two rollers (2, 3) whose axes are parallel in the same vertical plane and substantially perpendicular to the direction of advance of the conductor, said rollers rotating about their axes, and at least one of them moving in alternating translations along its axis, then on a take-up unit (13, 14) which blocks the conductor in the twisted state.

Lattice structure assembled from nailed wooden members structure - has vertical and diagonal bars at upper and lower chord nodal points

Abstract: Wooden components, nailed together, make up a three-dimensioned support structure. It is in the form of a grid, with girders with upper and lower chords, each in a single plane. At nodal points there are vertical bars between intersecting upper and lower chords. Not more than two diagonal bars are set in a vertical plane of any nodal point. On an upper chord nodal points this plane is at right angles to that of the lower chord nodal points through a vertical bar. The lattice-work can be assembled on site from prefabricated components, and extended as required.

Arrangement for guiding casting forms

Abstract: An arrangement for guiding casting forms, which comprise a so-called working plane (1) in the form of, for example, a beam system, which is capable to support two casting form halves (3,4), between which concrete is intended to be poured. The casting forms further comprise a yoke (11) supported on legs (12), which yoke has the design of, for example, a frame with two preferably mutually parallel, substantially vertical sides (12) and one side (11) located intermediate and perpendicularly to said sides. The yoke (11) preferably is located above the working plane (1) and rigidly connected to the working plane (1). According to the invention at least two guide bridles (14,23) in the form of, for example, strip iron, and a friction device (17) are provided. The guide bridles (14) are intended to be rigidly anchored at one end (15) preferably in a ground level plane (16). The guide bridles are extendible and with maintained tension therein to be attached by said friction device (17) also to the yoke (11) connected to the working plane (1), in order to stay a casting form in a vertical plane or in a plane forming an angle with the vertical plane.

Yarn processing machine - having a double twist spindle, heating means and winding package, with minimum spatial requirements

Abstract: Machine for treatment of continuously running yarns at a number of work positions, has yarn passing from a double twist spindle through a heater, disposed in the central part of the machine, and being re-directed for winding at a position disposed in the vertical plane of the double twist spindle shaft The arrangement reduces the space required by the machine to a min both in height and width The thermal treatment of the yarn after twisting is offered in optimum conditions

Electronic scanning radar

Abstract: PURPOSE:To shorten the beam scanning time, while holding the accuracy of an elevation, by setting a proper shift in a phase shifter so that the beam shape is expanded substantially in a Gauss shape. CONSTITUTION:In order to realize the vertical voer area 21 which is required for radar for scanning a pencil beam, in a low elevation region having the maximum covering distance, this region is covered with beams 40-1, 40-2 and so on having such beam width as are determined as small as possible by the aperture of an antenna. A high elevation region having short covering distance is made to have its beam width expanded as much as possible for the antenna gain so that the beam spacings are also expanded proportionally. As a result, a shift is set properly in a phase shifter by the command of a beam controller 11 so that the beam shape is formed into that of a Gauss function. As a result, the angle calculation can be simplified by the interporation of the beams, and the number of the beams in a vertical plane is reduced to shorten the scanning time.

Acoustical imaging of an object buried in seafloor sediment by using a focused ultrasonic transducer

Abstract: An experiment to locate objects buried in seafloor sediment by using ultrasonic imaging has been conducted and shows potential for practical application. Attenuation measured in actual seafloor sediment indicated that 15 kHz could be used for detecting objects buried to about 4 m in the seafloor. Tests were conducted using both plane and focused transducers with elements arranged on a concave surface. Imaging of inclined objects by a focused transducer was found to be significantly better than by a plane transducer as long as the object’s gradient was within one‐half the transducer aperture angle. Scaled model tests were carried out at a frequency of 150 kHz and full‐scale tests were performed at 15 kHz. Two display formats were used—one for the vertical plane and the other for the horizontal plane. In the full‐scale test, a cylindrical iron tube and an iron plate were buried in a sand box 4 m long by 3 m wide by 2 m deep. Ultrasonic images were observed on a CRT.

Inked ribbon advance and reverse mechanism

Abstract: The present invention is an improved inked ribbon advance and reverse mechanism for use in a multiple print station printing apparatus. The improved inked ribbon advance and reverse mechanism includes a first ribbon spool and a second ribbon spool onto and from which an inked ribbon is wound and unwound, respectively. The improved inked ribbon advance and reverse mechanism also includes a first ratchet wheel and a second ratchet wheel which are axially aligned and fixedly coupled to the first ribbon spool and the second ribbon spool, respectively, so that they rotate together. The second ratchet wheel is disposed in a vertical plane which is parallel with the axis of the rotative drive shaft of the printing apparatus and substantially orthogonal to the plane in which the first ratchet wheel is disposed, and is adjacent, but not contiguous, to the first ratchet wheel. The improved inked ribbon advance and reverse mechanism further includes a pawl which has a first tooth and a second tooth, which engage one of the teeth of the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel, respectively, a sliding member which has a first flange and a second flange, which is fixedly coupled to the pawl, and which is slidably coupled to the frame of the printing apparatus and a lever arm which is pivotally and resiliently coupled to a mounting member, which is fixedly coupled to the movable carrier of the printing apparatus. One of the ends of the lever arm contacts either the first flange or the second flange of the sliding member.

Gathered slatted blind

Abstract: The support members of the blind have in each case a pair of elastically flexible wire cables (38) which engage on the respective slat edge (1a) by means of coupling heads (36, 37). Each coupling head has a clamping part (37) with a front-side longitudinal slot (37b), in which the wire cable (38) is securely clamped. The clamping part (37) is mounted pivotably in a plane parallel to the plane of the blind on a bearing bolt (36) of the coupling head. The bearing bolt (36) in turn is mounted pivotably on the slat edge (1a) in a vertical plane at right angles to the plane of the blind. The wire cable section (38) lying between consecutive coupling heads (36, 37) can, on gathering the blind, be folded by approximately 180 DEG into loops alternately to one and the other side in the plane parallel to the plane of the blind. They are for this purpose precurved in the direction of loop formation both directly at the outlet from the clamping part (37) and also in their longitudinal centre. The slight zigzag course of the wire cable when the blind is lowered leads immediately, during gathering, to the loop formation in the desired direction, the clamping parts (37) being positioned transversely.

Wave Forces on an Inclined Circular Cylindrical Pile

Abstract: This paper describes experimental results on the in-line and lift forces acting on inclined circular piles which are placed in two different planes: (1) a vertical plane parallel to the direction of wave propagation; and (2) a vertical plane parallel to the wave crest. The in-line and lift force formulas for an inclined pile are formulated by referring to the conventional Morison and lift force formulas, respectively. Stokes third order wave theory is used for the estimation of flow kinematics induced around a pile. Based on these formulas, the time-independent and time-dependent values of the drag, mass and lift coefficients are determined by using several methods. Further, the time dependent coefficients are expanded into Fourier series which consist of several significant components. Reliability of these coefficient values are studied by examining the relative deviation of the predicted wave forces based on these coefficient values from the measured ones. The analysis finds that relative deviations of the in-line and lift forces exceed in many cases 15% and 100%, respectively, when the time-independent coefficients are used for the prediction of wave forces, but that they are reduced to 5% and 15%, respectively, when the time-dependent coefficients are used for it.

Seed bed preparation machine - has wide subsoil working tools mounted in front of rotary cultivator unit

Abstract: The soil loosening and/or seed bed preparation implement is for breaking up field strips thinner than the total width of the tractor Two loosening tools are fitted to a support frame, can be adjusted and their operating width is bounded by blades which cut through the soil in the vertical plane The shafts of the tools are in the form of plough shares which cut through the soil in the vertical plane and are provided with loosening shares on one side which operate in the horizontal plane

Convergence and purity control for colour TV CRT - has two pairs of U=shaped magnets in cup, magnetised from outside, to control beams from three electron guns

Abstract: The picture tube has three electron guns in a plane and a convergence cup common to all three electron beams. Permanent magnets in the tube neck and magnetised from the outside to certain intensities and act on the electron beams. Their fields adjust the three beams individually and independently from each other. Two pairs of U-shaped permanent magnets (3, 4, 6, 7) are mounted in the convergence cup. They are positioned on the horizontal axis (5) connecting the three electron beams, and on the vertical axis (8) passing through the middle beam in a vertical plane perpendicular to it.

Environmental influences on acoustic array design and performance in shallow water

Abstract: Procedures for selecting array design parameters such as the element spacing and weighting commonly are developed for an assumed plane wave signal In shallow water environments, however, the field from a localized source differs substantially from a plane wave Multiple reflections from the ocean surface and bottom create a signal field dominated by multi-path propagation; the signal energy is distributed over a spread of arrival angles in the vertical plane This paper describes limitations on array performance, as computed for a variety of shallow water signal fields; and compares the results to what would be obtained for a plane wave