Showing papers on "Viral pathogenesis published in 1978"

The interplay between lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, immune function, and hemopoiesis in mice.

Abstract: Publisher Summary It is generally agreed that the virus-specific immune response of the vertebrate host plays a decisive role in the recovery from viral diseases. More recently, it has become known that the immune reactions against virus-specific antigens may also contribute to the lesions associated with viral infections and, moreover, that a number of viruses may severely interfere with the general function of the host's immune system. The obvious need for the clarification of the mechanisms underlying these different manifestations of the interactions between viruses and cells belonging to the lymphoreticular system has prompted an increasing number of investigators to use some of the vast amount of knowledge that has accumulated, relatively independently in virology, immunology, and hematology for more detailed analyses of the complex events that occur in virus-infected hosts. The more profound research in this field has been performed in certain experimental animal virus infections, among which the murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus infection has served as one appropriate model system. In this chapter, the results obtained from the investigation of this viral infection are treated in three major sections. The first section provides an outline of the extensive studies of the specific anti-LCM virus immune response, and its influence on the course and outcome of the infection. The two following sections are both concerned with the viral effect on the general function of the lymphoreticular system. In that, one of them considers the virus-induced immunosuppression, and the other focuses on certain profound hemopoietic disorders that most likely account for some of the marked changes in the virus-infected hosts myeloid and lymphoid cell populations.

A biological perspective of slow virus infection and chronic disease

Abstract: Sequential events characterize the interaction of viruses with parenchymal cells, and acute lytic infections of tissues and organs have broad biological attributes A knowledge of these permits a keener understanding of persistent, intermittent herpesvirus infections and persistent, continuous respiratory virus infections In addition to unique biochemical mechanisms which may permit the latter chronic infections to evolve, the roles of defective and mutant strains of virus, viral interference, and the genetic, developmental and immunological expressions of the host are of considerable and provocative importance The traditional view of viral infections embraces a broad spectrum of acute pathological and inflammatory events The relationship of measles virus to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, the elucidation of the latency of herpes simplex virus, and the slow unmasking of the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis have illustrated the subtle elements of persistent viral infections of the human being These chronic neurological diseases have provided the opportunity and stimulus for sharp dissection of the biological and biochemical processes which embellish the logical link of viral infections to other forms of chronic human illness