Showing papers on "Visual analogue scale published in 1976"
TL;DR: Most patients could readily use visual analogue and graphic rating scales despite having no previous experience and use of these scales is the best available method for measuring pain or pain relief.
Abstract: Of the different types of visual analogue and graphic rating scales tested in a series of experiments, only two were satisfactory: these were the visual analogue scale and the graphic rating scales used horizontally with the words spread out along the whole length of the line. Other types of scale used gave distributions of results which were not uniform. Unusual distribution of results occurred when patients selected a position adjacent either to descriptive terms or preferred numbers. In some experiments, the distribution of results was determined by the nature of the experiment. Alternation of the ends of a scale did not affect the results. The behaviour of the graphic rating scale was different in patients accustomed to completing it and in those not so accustomed. The results of pain severity measured by these methods showed a very good correlation with pain severity measured by the simple descriptive pain scale. Changes in visual analogue scores also correlated well with changes in simple descriptive pain scores. The visual analogue and graphic rating scales were more sensitive than the traditional simple descriptive pain scale. Most patients could readily use visual analogue and graphic rating scales despite having no previous experience. The failure rate was slightly lower with the graphic rating method. Use of these scales is the best available method for measuring pain or pain relief.
2,510 citations
TL;DR: The less than satisfactory status of anxiety assessment technology is noted, and it is concluded that relatively simple and straightforward self-rating measures often represent the techniques of choice, particularly in the measurement of current anxiety.
Abstract: The quest for accurate measures of anxiety has produced many scales, though very few which are‘both brief and valid and can be used for frequent and repeated measurements. McReynolds (1 968) in an extensive review of 88 formal anxiety assessment procedures noted the less than satisfactory status of anxiety assessment technology, and also concluded that relatively simple and straightforward self-rating measures often represent the techniques of choice, particularly in the measurement of current anxiety. One self-rating scale ideally suited to frequent and repeated measurements is the visual analogue or graphic rating scale, described over 50 years ago (Freyd, 1923) but relatively little used in clinical contexts until recently. Six recent studies (Zealley and Aitken, 1969; Crawford Little and McPhail, 1973; Folstein and Luria, 1973; Byrne, 1975; Davies, Burrows, and Poynton, 1975; Luria, 1975) have shown the visual analogue scale to be a valid and reliable measure of depressive mood. In two of these studies (Folstein and Luria, 1973, Davies et al., 1975) the visual analogue scale was also used as a measure of anxiety, with unimpressive results. Both studies used as the criterion measure the Manifest Anxiety Scale (Taylor, 1953) which may be considered a measure of trait (characteristic) rather than state (current) anxiety.
113 citations
TL;DR: For the majority of the patients the variations in reported pain intensity were unrelated to those in oral temperature and alertness ratings, and the implications of these results for the effective relief of pain are discussed.
70 citations