Showing papers by "A.K. Pal published in 2022"
TL;DR: A simple Ag/CdS/Au Schottky diode was realized by successively evaporating Ag, CdS and Au using appropriate masks on cellulose paper as discussed by the authors .
3 citations
15 Jun 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the relation between the amount of entanglement localized on a chosen subsystem of a multi-qubit system via local measurements on the rest of the system, and the bipartite entenglement that is lost during this measurement process.
Abstract: We investigate the relation between the amount of entanglement localized on a chosen subsystem of a multi-qubit system via local measurements on the rest of the system, and the bipartite entanglement that is lost during this measurement process. We study a number of paradigmatic pure states, including the generalized GHZ, the generalized W, Dicke, and the generalized Dicke states. For the generalized GHZ and W states, we analytically derive bounds on localizable entanglement in terms of the entanglement present in the system prior to the measurement. Also, for the Dicke and the generalized Dicke states, we demonstrate that with increasing system size, localizable entanglement tends to be equal to the bipartite entanglement present in the system over a specific partition before measurement. We extend the investigation numerically in the case of arbitrary multi-qubit pure states. We also analytically determine the modification of these results, including the proposed bounds, in situations where these pure states are subjected to single-qubit phase-flip noise on all qubits. Additionally, we study one-dimensional paradigmatic quantum spin models, namely the transverse-field XY model and the XXZ model in an external field, and numerically demonstrate a quadratic dependence of the localized entanglement on the lost entanglement. We show that this relation is robust even in the presence of disorder in the strength of the external field.
1 citations
TL;DR: Examination of plant extracts and the effect of saroglitazar and TET genes on oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro adipocytes finds TET enzymes may contribute to altered adiposity and its metabolic consequences.
Abstract: To date, there is no satisfactory and effective therapy available to cure type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This present work is focused on plant extracts and the effect of saroglitazar and TET genes on oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro adipocytes. Aqueous extracts of Tamarindus indica and Momordica charantia seed have shown potent antidiabetic activity that decreases glucose levels in diabetic adipocytes. After seven and fourteen days, the sugar level in the blood was significantly reduced when plant extracts were supplemented. Lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TGL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) showed a highly significant change as expected in adipocytes treated with glucose compared with controlled adipocytes (P < 0.001). Gene expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are changed twice, thrice, and quadruplet, respectively. The level of interleukin-1 (IL1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was restored but the interleukin-6 (IL6) and ten-eleven-translocation-1 (TET1) were completely knocked down by the use of saroglitazar. In comparison with the diabetic group, this supplementation significantly increased glycogen content and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. In the extract supplemented group, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-oxidizing enzyme, and glucose-phosphorylating enzyme activities were significantly reduced. After seven days of extract supplementation, these parameters were not resettled to a controlled level; however, after 14 days of supplementation, all parameters were restored to the control level. In addition to altering gene expression, TET enzymes may contribute to altered adiposity and its metabolic consequences. The purpose of this study is to examine new ideas and approaches for treating obesity, T2DM, and other associated metabolic disorders.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a vicinal Si(1 1/1/1)-7 × 7 surface by sequentially depositing 1-monolayer (ML) of Fe and 1ML of Co on a hot Si substrate under ultrahigh vacuum condition was investigated.
1 citations
TL;DR: The use of 3D printing in medical education, surgical training, patient interaction, potential benefits and shortcomings, and future scope are highlighted in this paper , where the authors highlight the potential benefits of using 3D-printing for teaching and learning.
Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing or additive manufacturing, is a relatively recent and rapidly evolving technology that has a far-reaching impact in the current context of medical education. Since its introduction in the 1980s, additive manufacturing has made tremendous progress. In essence, this technology render a computer-assisted design template based on a set of processed data acquired from various imaging sources such as 3D scanning, computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), into a physical object which is an accurate representation of the original. The printing is constructed in layers using a diverse array of printing materials. The process is fast, easy, cost-effective, and repeatable. The scopes of application of 3D-printing are increasing by the day with limitless potential in future. Proper implementation of 3D printing with respect to its availability and accessibility will establish it as a perfect complementary modality to the traditional teaching and learning approaches. In this review paper, the concept of 3D printing, its use in medical education, surgical training, patient interaction, potential benefits and shortcomings, and future scope are highlighted.
TL;DR: In this paper , a generalization of 1D quantum XY and Ising-like models by using 2D-dimensional Gamma (Γ) matrices as the degrees of freedom on each site is presented.
Abstract: In this paper, we write exactly solvable generalizations of 1-dimensional quantum XY and Ising-like models by using 2d-dimensional Gamma (Γ) matrices as the degrees of freedom on each site. We show that these models result in quadratic Fermionic Hamiltonians with Jordan-Wigner like transformations. We illustrate the techniques using a specific case of 4-dimensional Γ matrices and explore the quantum phase transitions present in the model.
03 Oct 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the authors show how two meromorphic functions are uniquely determined by their two finite shared sets in C. This sharing sets are a new kind of pair of range sets for meromorphic function corresponding to their uniqueness.
Abstract: . In this note, we present one uniqueness theorem which show how two meromorphic functions are uniquely determined by their two finite shared sets. This sharing sets are a new kind of pair of finite range sets in C for meromorphic functions corresponding to their uniqueness. Moreover, we answered a question positively raised in ([1]).
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman measurements to characterize the diamond-like carbon (DLC) films.
02 Nov 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , a graph-based lower bound of genuine multiparty entanglement over a chosen multiparty subsystem of multi-qubit stabilizer states in the noiseless and noisy scenario is presented.
Abstract: Characterizing large noisy multiparty quantum states using genuine multiparty entanglement is a challenging task. In this paper, we calculate lower bounds of genuine multiparty entanglement localized over a chosen multiparty subsystem of multi-qubit stabilizer states in the noiseless and noisy scenario. In the absence of noise, adopting a graph-based technique, we perform the calculation for arbitrary graph states as representatives of the stabilizer states, and show that the graph operations required for the calculation has a polynomial scaling with the system size. As demonstrations, we compute the localized genuine multiparty entanglement over subsystems of large graphs having linear, ladder, and square structures. We also extend the calculation for graph states subjected to single-qubit Markovian or non-Markovian Pauli noise on all qubits, and demonstrate, for a specific lower bound of the localizable genuine multiparty entanglement corresponding to a specific Pauli measurement setup, the existence of a critical noise strength beyond which all of the post measured states are biseparable. The calculation is also useful for arbitrary large stabilizer states under noise due to the local unitary connection between stabilizer states and graph states. We demonstrate this by considering a toric code defined on a square lattice, and computing a lower bound of localizable genuine multiparty entanglement over a non-trivial loop of the code. Similar to the graph states, we show the existence of the critical noise strength in this case also, and discuss its interesting features.
TL;DR: In this paper, a generalization of one-dimensional quantum XY and Ising-like models by using 2-dimensional gamma matrices as the degrees of freedom on each site is presented.
Abstract: In this paper we write exactly solvable generalizations of one-dimensional quantum XY and Ising-like models by using 2^{d}-dimensional gamma matrices as the degrees of freedom on each site. We show that these models result in quadratic Fermionic Hamiltonians with Jordan-Wigner-like transformations. We illustrate the techniques using a specific case of four-dimensional gamma matrices and explore the quantum phase transitions present in the model.
TL;DR: Rigorous peer-reviews are the basis of high-quality academic publishing as mentioned in this paper , and they are the backbone of high quality academic publishing, which is the goal of our work.
Abstract: Rigorous peer-reviews are the basis of high-quality academic publishing [...]
TL;DR: In this paper , a new look at the spin alternation rule in unrestricted self-consistent field (USCF) calculations in terms of structural characteristics such as periodicity, impurity location, and Coulomb exchange is taken.
Abstract: This work takes a new look at the spin alternation rule in unrestricted self-consistent-field (USCF) calculations in terms of structural characteristics such as periodicity, impurity location, and Coulomb exchange. For clarity, the systems considered are biradicals produced from linear conjugated hydrocarbons. Both site-parametrized Hamiltonian models for theoretical analysis and spin unrestricted density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used. Theoretical analysis leads to the following conclusions: (1) The diradical state is an excited state of a linear chain of N conjugated carbon atoms (when N is about ≤ 10). Spin alternation is a consequence of the (truncated) periodic symmetry combined with filling each closed-shell pi orbital with two electrons and each singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) with one electron. Spin polarization is evident in triplet (T) and broken symmetry (BS) solutions for an odd N and only in the T solution for an even N. Spin alternation is visible in the BS for an odd N and always remains muted in the calculated T. (2) For a doped chain with two radical centers, spin alternation is generally visible in the BS for an odd N. The sign of spin population on the radical centers in the BS indicates the stable spin. For radical centers separated by an odd (even) number of pz electrons, spin alternation favors T (S) state with FM (AFM) interaction. Spin oscillation remains less transparent for an even N without exchange. (3) In an unrestricted treatment with exchange, spin alternation becomes observable. Without SCF iterations, the more stable state can be identified from a clear spin oscillation in the BS. An irregular oscillation indicates a possible singlet ground state. These observations are supported by density functional calculations using the B3LYP functional and the 6-311+g(d,p) basis set on linear decapentaene diradicals with nitronyl nitroxide moieties substituted on two sets of conjugated atoms, (3,9) and (3,10). Because of the SCF procedure, one finds spin alternation in the T (BS) solution and erratic oscillation in the BS (T) solution of the 3,9 (3,10) diradical in respective equilibrium geometries. The ground state is T (S). DFT adiabatic coupling constants, SOMO energies, spin population plots, and SOMO lobe diagrams compare well with molecular electronic characteristics from theoretical analysis using Hamiltonian parameters.