Isolation and enzyme bioprospection of bacteria associated to Bruguiera cylindrica, a mangrove plant of North Sumatra, Indonesia.

The species-specific potentiality of mangroves in terms of ecosystem services is not well understood. Therefore, this study addressed the carbon sequestration and litterfall production potentiality of six major species in Sundarbans, Bangladesh, by evaluating three consecutive years of inventory data, including the stand variables and weather events impacts on them. The total mean aboveground, belowground biomass, biomass accumulation, and carbon accumulation rate were 243.4 Mg ha−1, 132.2 Mg ha−1, and 14.3 Mg ha−1 yr−1, 7.2 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Carbon stocks and sequestration rates are significantly influenced by stand variables such as diameter, density, and species composition. Large-sized trees and stands with lower density sequester more carbon than small-sized trees, and higher density stands. Among species, Avicennia officinalis contributed higher carbon to carbon stocks and also significantly different from other species for sequestering carbon, whereas Aglaia cucullata was the lowest. Mean annual litterfall was 10.01 Mg ha−1 yr−1, with the maximum litterfall for Hereteira fomes (19.2 Mg ha−1 yr−1) during the late summer or wet season (e.g., April to August). Litterfall showed a significant positive (p

Species-specific biomass and carbon flux in Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh: Response to stand and weather variables

. Hasidu LOAF, Jamili, Kharisma GN, Prasetya A, Maharani, Riska, Rudia LOAP, Ibrahim AF, Mubarak AA, Muhasafaat LO, Anzani L. 2020. Diversity of mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) in degraded mangrove ecosystems of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5884-5892. Mollusks are one of the mangrove organisms whose classes are bivalves and gastropods. It plays an important role in mangrove and marine ecosystems as filter feeders, predators, and herbivores. This study aims to knows the diversity and abundance of mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) in several mangrove ecosystems in the Kolaka coastline as well as the similarity of these locations. This study was conducted in mangrove ecosystems of Induha Village, Mangolo Village, Tahoa Village, and Towua Village of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, from July to August 2019. This is a transect method stretched along a 100 m line perpendicularly from the seaward. The size of the mollusks subplot was 1 m2 and placed along the line transect. Each line transect comprises 10 subplots. To analyze the diversity index, evenness index, and its abundance, Kaleida Graph 4.0 version was used. This research indicates that the mollusks consist of 4 families of bivalves with 6 species and 10 families of gastropods with 182 species. It also found out 23 species of mollusks scattered to each location. The molluscan species which spread in all four mangrove ecosystems were Terebralia sulcata, Nerita planospira, and Batillaria multiformis. In Induha, the mollusks species were Anadara notabilis and Drupella margariticola. Meanwhile, Saccostrea cucullata, Pirenella incisa, Clithon oualaniensis, and Clithon pulchellum were only found in Towua. The diversity index of bivalves in each location was categorized as low diversity index category, as well as gastropods were categorized as medium diversity index. The highest diversity index of gastropods was in Induha (H' = 1.96). It was supported by the good mangrove ecosystem for mollusks' habitat. The lowest diversity index of gastropods was in Towua (1.41). This research depicts that three kinds of species with high abundance rate whose rates were >1 ind/m2are located in two different locations namely; P. incisa (3.9 ind/m2) and S. cucullata (3.2 ind/m2) in Towua and followed by B. multiformis (2 ind/m2) and Isognomon ephippium (1.2 ind/m2) in Mangolo.

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Diversity of mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) in degraded mangrove ecosystems of Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Indonesia is an archipelagic nation that comprises more than 17,504 islands and hosts the largest mangrove forest area in the world, consisting of 2.7 million ha in 2020. Mangrove forests in Indonesia distribute across all 34 provinces, with major areas distributed in the Eastern Indonesia region. Papua province has the largest mangrove area with 26.6% and followed by West Papua (17.5%), East Kalimantan (7.5%) and North Kalimantan (5.6%). Mangroves in deltaic and estuary settings in Indonesia are developed in a relatively large area in major islands, while oceanic mangroves typically occur across small islands, particularly in Sulawesi and Maluku regions. Mangrove flora in Indonesia comprises 157 species, of which 52 tree species (true mangrove), 21 species of shrubs, 13 species of liana, 7 species of palms, 14 species of grasses, 8 species of herbs, 3 species of parasites, 36 species of epiphytes and 3 species of ferns. There are approximately 122 species of invertebrates, 45 species of fishes and 148 species of terrestrial fauna found in Indonesian mangroves. Mangroves in Indonesia have faced direct human-made threats including deforestation and forest conversion to other land uses. Despite facing anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic disturbances, mangroves provide great benefits and support livelihoods to millions of coastal communities in Indonesia. On the other hand, maintaining natural and important mangrove functions in contributing to climate change mitigation and coastal adaptation. 

Mangrove Biodiversity, Conservation and Roles for Livelihoods in Indonesia

Blue carbon stock in sediments of mangroves and seagrass ecosystems at Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

. Analuddin K, Kadidae LO, Haya LOMY, Septiana A, Sahidin I, Syahrir L, Rahim S, Fajar LOA, Nadaoka K. 2020. Aboveground biomass, productivity and carbon sequestration in Rhizophora stylosa mangrove forest of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1316-1325. This study was aimed at analyzing the trends of aboveground biomass (AGB), productivity and carbon sequestration of Rhizophora stylosa Griff. forest in Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park (RAWNP), Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The DBH was the best predictor for partial and whole AGB of R. stylosa trees. The mean AGB was 562.76 ton ha-1. The yearly biomass increment of living trees, biomass increment of whole stands, standing dead biomass, and litterfall in R. stylosa forest were estimated as 52.87, 50.09, 2.78 and 12.00 ton ha-1, respectively, while its net primary production was about 64.88 ton ha-1 yr-1 indicating higher mangrove productivity. The total carbon stock in R. stylosa forest was 264.50 ton ha-1, while the annual net carbon budget, carbon gain and carbon input in R. stylosa forest was 23.54, 24.85 and 5.64 ton ha-1. However, the total CO2 stored in R. stylosa forest was 969.83 ton ha-1, while the annual of net CO2 uptake, CO2 gained and CO2 input was 86.33, 91.12 and 20.86 ton ha-1. The higher carbon sequestration and CO2 uptake in R. stylosa forest indicate its significant role in the global carbon accumulation and reducing atmospheric CO2.

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Abdul Fajar La Ode

Papers

Aboveground biomass, productivity and carbon sequestration in Rhizophora stylosa mangrove forest of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia